| 1. |
- Bascom, Karen E., et al.
(författare)
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Derivation and validation of the CREST model for very early prediction of circulatory etiology death in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction after cardiac arrest
- 2018
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Ingår i: Circulation. - 0009-7322. ; 137:3, s. 273-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: No practical tool quantitates the risk of circulatory-etiology death (CED) immediately after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. We developed and validated a prediction model to rapidly determine that risk and facilitate triage to individualized treatment pathways. METHODS: With the use of INTCAR (International Cardiac Arrest Registry), an 87-question data set representing 44 centers in the United States and Europe, patients were classified as having had CED or a combined end point of neurological-etiology death or survival. Demographics and clinical factors were modeled in a derivation cohort, and backward stepwise logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with CED. We demonstrated model performance using area under the curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test in the derivation and validation cohorts, and assigned a simplified point-scoring system. RESULTS: Among 638 patients in the derivation cohort, 121 (18.9%) had CED. The final model included preexisting coronary artery disease (odds ratio [OR], 2.86; confidence interval [CI], 1.83-4.49; P≤0.001), nonshockable rhythm (OR, 1.75; CI, 1.10-2.77; P=0.017), initial ejection fraction<30% (OR, 2.11; CI, 1.32-3.37; P=0.002), shock at presentation (OR, 2.27; CI, 1.42-3.62; P<0.001), and ischemic time >25 minutes (OR, 1.42; CI, 0.90-2.23; P=0.13). The derivation model area under the curve was 0.73, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test P=0.47. Outcomes were similar in the 318-patient validation cohort (area under the curve 0.68, Hosmer-Lemeshow test P=0.41). When assigned a point for each associated factor in the derivation model, the average predicted versus observed probability of CED with a CREST score (coronary artery disease, initial heart rhythm, low ejection fraction, shock at the time of admission, and ischemic time >25 minutes) of 0 to 5 was: 7.1% versus 10.2%, 9.5% versus 11%, 22.5% versus 19.6%, 32.4% versus 29.6%, 38.5% versus 30%, and 55.7% versus 50%. CONCLUSIONS: The CREST model stratified patients immediately after resuscitation according to risk of a circulatory-etiology death. The tool may allow for estimation of circulatory risk and improve the triage of survivors of cardiac arrest without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction at the point of care.
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| 2. |
- Markt, Sarah C., et al.
(författare)
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ABO Blood Group Alleles and Prostate Cancer Risk : results from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Prostate. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 75:15, s. 1677-1681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. ABO blood group has been associated with risk of cancers of the pancreas, stomach, ovary, kidney, and skin, but has not been evaluated in relation to risk of aggressive prostate cancer. METHODS. We used three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs8176746, rs505922, and rs8176704) to determine ABO genotype in 2,774 aggressive prostate cancer cases and 4,443 controls from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3). Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate age and study-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between blood type, genotype, and risk of aggressive prostate cancer (Gleason score >= 8 or locally advanced/metastatic disease (stage T3/T4/N1/M1). RESULTS. We found no association between ABO blood type and risk of aggressive prostate cancer (Type A: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.87-1.08; Type B: OR = 0.92, 95% CI = n0.77-1.09; Type AB: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.98-1.59, compared to Type O, respectively). Similarly, there was no association between "dose" of A or B alleles and aggressive prostate cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS. ABO blood type was not associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Prostate 75: 1677-1681, 2015. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 3. |
- Miandji, Ehsan, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Shot Single Sensor Light Field Camera Using a Color Coded Mask
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 26TH EUROPEAN SIGNAL PROCESSING CONFERENCE (EUSIPCO). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9789082797015 ; , s. 226-230
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a compressed sensing framework for reconstructing the full light field of a scene captured using a single-sensor consumer camera. To achieve this, we use a color coded mask in front of the camera sensor. To further enhance the reconstruction quality, we propose to utilize multiple shots by moving the mask or the sensor randomly. The compressed sensing framework relies on a training based dictionary over a light field data set. Numerical simulations show significant improvements in reconstruction quality over a similar coded aperture system for light field capture.
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| 4. |
- Valero-Esquitino, Verónica, et al.
(författare)
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Direct angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) stimulation attenuates T-cell and microglia activation and prevents demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Science. - 0143-5221 .- 1470-8736. ; 128:2, s. 95-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we evaluated stimulation of the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) by the selective non-peptide agonist Compound 21 (C21) as a novel therapeutic concept for the treatment of multiple sclerosis using the model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. C57BL-6 mice were immunized with myelin-oligodendrocyte peptide and treated for 4 weeks with C21 (0.3 mg/kg/day i.p.). Potential effects on myelination, microglia and T-cell composition were estimated by immunostaining and FACS analyses of lumbar spinal cords. The in vivo study was complemented by experiments in aggregating brain cell cultures and microglia in vitro. In the EAE model, treatment with C21 ameliorated microglia activation and decreased the number of total T-cells and CD4+ T-cells in the spinal cord. Fluorescent myelin staining of spinal cords further revealed a significant reduction in EAE-induced demyelinated areas in lumbar spinal cord tissue after AT2R stimulation. C21-treated mice had a significantly better neurological score than vehicle-treated controls. In aggregating brain cell cultures challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon-γ (IFNγ), AT2R stimulation prevented demyelination, accelerated re-myelination and reduced the number of microglia. Cytokine synthesis and nitric oxide production by microglia in vitro were significantly reduced after C21 treatment. These results suggest that AT2R stimulation protects the myelin sheaths in autoimmune central nervous system inflammation by inhibiting the T-cell response and microglia activation. Our findings identify the AT2R as a potential new pharmacological target for demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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