| 1. |
- Pettersson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Near Real-Time Standoff Detection of Explosives in a Realistic Outdoor Environment at 55 m Distance
- 2009
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In: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics. - : Wiley. - 1521-4087 .- 0721-3115. ; 34:4, s. 297-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Standoff identification of explosives at distances of up to 55 in has been performed by applying spontaneous Raman spectroscopy. This work has been focused on detection in a realistic environment, using an outdoors test field and performing experiments under varying weather conditions such as rain- or snowfall or bright sunshine. The instrumentation, based on a 532 nm pulsed laser source combined with gated detection, proved the performance insensitive to weather variations. Investigated HMEs and precursors were TATP, HMTD, HP, MEKP, NM, NB, and IPN; all in bulk quantities. The time needed for acquiring spectra was typically between single pulse (5 ns) and 10 s. Detection through green and brown glass bottles and PET bottles were tried and found viable.
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| 2. |
- Rewers, Marian, et al.
(author)
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The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study
- 2008
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In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1150, s. 1-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unknown, but a growing body of evidence points to infectious agents and/or components of early childhood diet. The National Institutes of Health has established the TEDDY Study consortium of six clinical centers in the United States and Europe and a data coordinating center to identify environmental factors predisposing to, or protective against, islet autoimmunity and T1D. From 2004-2009, TEDDY will screen more than 360,000 newborns from both the general population and families already affected by T1D to identify an estimated 17,804 children with high-risk HLA-DR,DQ genotypes. Of those, 7,801 (788 first-degree relatives and 7,013 newborns with no family history of T1D) will be enrolled in prospective follow-up beginning before the age of 4.5 months. As of May 2008, TEDDY has screened more than 250,000 newborns and enrolled nearly 5,000 infants--approximately 70% of the final cohort. Participants are seen every 3 months up to 4 years of age, with subsequent visits every 6 months until the subject is 15 years of age. Blood samples are collected at each visit for detection of candidate infectious agents and nutritional biomarkers; monthly stool samples are collected for infectious agents. These samples are saved in a central repository. Primary endpoints include (1) appearance of one or more islet autoantibodies (to insulin, GAD65 or IA-2) confirmed at two consecutive visits; (2) development of T1D. By age 15, an estimated 800 children will develop islet autoimmunity and 400 will progress to T1D; 67 and 27 children have already reached these endpoints.
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| 3. |
- TEDDY study group, The, et al.
(author)
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The environmental determinants of diabetes in the young (TEDDY) study: Study design
- 2007
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In: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 8:5, s. 286-298
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The primary objective of this multicenter, multinational, epidemiological study is the identification of infectious agents, dietary factors, or other environmental exposures that are associated with increased risk of autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Factors affecting specific phenotypic manifestations such as early age of onset or rate of progression or with protection from the development of T1DM will also be identified. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is an observational cohort study in which newborns who are younger than 4 months and have high-risk human leukocyte antigen alleles in the general population or are first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients affected with T1DM will be enrolled. Six clinical centers in the USA and Europe will screen 361 588 newborns, of which it is anticipated that 17 804 will be eligible for enrollment with just over 7800 followed. Recruitment will occur over 5 yr, with children being followed to the age of 15 yr. Identification of such factors will lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and result in new strategies to prevent, delay, or reverse T1DM.
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