| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Simon, et al.
(author)
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An information fusion demonstrator for tactical intelligence processing in network-based defense
- 2007
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In: Information Fusion. - : Elsevier BV. - 1566-2535 .- 1872-6305. ; 8:1, s. 84-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) has developed a concept demonstrator called the Information Fusion Demonstrator 2003 (IFD03) for demonstrating information fusion methodology suitable for a future Network Based Defense (NBD) C4ISR system. The focus of the demonstrator is on real-time tactical intelligence processing at the division level in a ground warfare scenario. The demonstrator integrates novel force aggregation, particle filtering, and sensor allocation methods to create, dynamically update, and maintain components of a tactical situation picture. This is achieved by fusing physically modelled and numerically simulated sensor reports from several different sensor types with realistic a priori information sampled from both a high-resolution terrain model and an enemy organizational and behavioral model. This represents a key step toward the goal of creating in real time a dynamic, high fidelity representation of a moving battalion-sized organization, based on sensor data as well as a priori intelligence and terrain information, employing fusion, tracking, aggregation, and resource allocation methods all built on well-founded theories of uncertainty. The motives behind this project, the fusion methods developed for the system, as well as its scenario model and simulator architecture are described. The main services of the demonstrator are discussed and early experience from using the system is shared.
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| 2. |
- Villanueva, Walter, et al.
(author)
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Microdroplet deposition under a liquid medium
- 2007
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In: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 23:3, s. 1171-1177
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An experimental and numerical study of the factors affecting the reproducibility of microdroplet depositions performed under a liquid medium is presented. In the deposition procedure, sample solution is dispensed from the end of a capillary by the aid of a pressure pulse onto a substrate with pillar-shaped sample anchors. The deposition was modeled using the convective Cahn-Hilliard equation coupled with the Navier-Stokes equations with added surface tension and gravity forces. To avoid a severe time-step restriction imposed by the fourth-order Cahn-Hilliard equation, a semi-implicit scheme was developed. An axisymmetric model was used, and an adaptive finite element method was implemented. In both the experimental and numerical study it was shown that the deposited volume mainly depends on the capillary-substrate distance and the anchor surface wettability. A critical equilibrium contact angle has been identified below which reproducible depositions are facilitated.
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| 3. |
- Ackermann, M., et al.
(author)
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Search for ultra-high-energy neutrinos with amanda-II
- 2008
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In: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 675:2, s. 1014-1024
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A search for diffuse neutrinos with energies in excess of 10(5) GeV is conducted with AMANDA-II data recorded between 2000 and 2002. Above 10(7) GeV, the Earth is essentially opaque to neutrinos. This fact, combined with the limited overburden of the AMANDA-II detector ( roughly 1.5 km), concentrates these ultra-high-energy neutrinos at the horizon. The primary background for this analysis is bundles of downgoing, high-energy muons from the interaction of cosmic rays in the atmosphere. No statistically significant excess above the expected background is seen in the data, and an upper limit is set on the diffuse all-flavor neutrino flux of E-2 Phi(90%CL) < 2.7x10(-7) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) valid over the energy range of 2x10(5) to 10(9) GeV. A number of models that predict neutrino fluxes from active galactic nuclei are excluded at the 90% confidence level.
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| 4. |
- Dahl, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Multigene amplification and massively parallel sequencing for cancer mutation discovery
- 2007
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 104:22, s. 9387-9392
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have developed a procedure for massively parallel resequencing of multiple human genes by combining a highly multiplexed and target-specific amplification process with a high-throughput parallel sequencing technology. The amplification process is based on oligonucleotide constructs, called selectors, that guide the circularization of specific DNA target regions. Subsequently, the circularized target sequences are amplified in multiplex and analyzed by using a highly parallel sequencing-by-synthesis technology. As a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate parallel resequencing of 10 cancer genes covering 177 exons with average sequence coverage per sample of 93%. Seven cancer cell lines and one normal genomic DNA sample were studied with multiple mutations and polymorphisms identified among the 10 genes. Mutations and polymorphisms in the TP53 gene were confirmed by traditional sequencing.
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| 5. |
- Fleck, Tatjana, et al.
(author)
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The management of deep sternal wound infections using vacuum assisted closure (V.A.C.) therapy
- 2006
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In: International Wound Journal. - 1742-481X. ; 3:4, s. 273-280
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A group of international experts met in May 2006 to develop clinical guidelines on the practical application of vacuum assisted closure (V.A.C.)+ therapy in deep sternal wound infections. Group discussion and an anonymous interactive voting system were used to develop content. The recommendations are based on current evidence or, where this was not available, the majority consensus of the international group. The principles of treatment for deep sternal wound infections include early recognition and treatment of infection. V.A.C. therapy should be instigated early, following thorough wound irrigation and surgical debridement. V.A.C. therapy in deep sternal wound infections requires specialist surgical supervision and should only be undertaken by clinicians with adequate experience and training in the use of the technique.
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| 6. |
- Kao-Walter, Sharon, et al.
(author)
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Fracture mechanics of materials : From steel to packaging material
- 2007
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The application of fracture mechanics started during the 20th century. By natural reason, most of the early research has been related to e.g. construction and defence industries. The fracture mechanics theories have been developed based on materials used by these industries, e.g. metals, plastic, concrete and soil materials. Later, along with the development of composite materials (and now even nano-materials), fracture mechanics theory was extended to include the fracture behaviour in composite materials. Nowadays, packaging industries utilize the fracture theories to enhance the package quality and cut the costs. Paper based packages for liquid food in ambient climate have been built up by the combination of paper, plastic and aluminium-foil. Research in this area has been done by the authors. It is found that many fracture related problems that occurs in the making of liquid food packages can be analyzed by the theory of fracture mechanics. However, it is the authors experience that to fully understand the interaction of the materials leading to fracture in the package laminate, further research in fracture of laminate is needed.
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| 7. |
- Karling, Pontus, et al.
(author)
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Function and dysfunction of the colon and anorectum in adults: working team report of the Swedish Motility Group (SMoG).
- 2009
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In: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 44:6, s. 646-60
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Symptoms of fecal incontinence and constipation are common in the general population. These can, however, be unreliably reported and are poorly discriminatory for underlying pathophysiology. Furthermore, both symptoms may coexist. In the elderly, fecal impaction always must be excluded. For patients with constipation, colon transit studies, anorectal manometry and defecography may help to identify patients with slow-transit constipation and/or pelvic floor dysfunction. The best documented medical treatments for constipation are the macrogols, lactulose and isphagula. Evolving drugs include lubiprostone, which enhances colonic secretion by activating chloride channels. Surgery is restricted for a highly selected group of patients with severe slow-transit constipation and for those with large rectoceles that demonstrably cause rectal evacuatory impairment. For patients with fecal incontinence that does not resolve on antidiarrheal treatment, functional and structural evaluation with anorectal manometry and endoanal ultrasound or magnetic resonance (MR) of the anal canal may help to guide management. Sacral nerve stimulation is a rapidly evolving alternative when other treatments such as biofeedback and direct sphincter repair have failed. Advances in understanding the pathophysiology as a guide to treatment of patients with constipation and fecal incontinence is a continuing important goal for translational research. The content of this article is a summary of presentations given by the authors at the Fourth Meeting of the Swedish Motility Group, held in Gothenburg in April 2007.
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| 8. |
- Kretschmar, Karsten, 1970-
(author)
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Main-circuit considerations of power coverters for integral motors
- 2005
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis deals with different converter topologies for a 15kW permanent magnet (PM) integral motor. An integral motor combines the motor and the power electronics in one unit. The main objective is to find suitable converter alternatives for an integral motor. A suitable converter for an integral motor must be highly efficient and small in volume because the space for the power electronics is limited and the cooling capability of such a motor is reduced. It was shown that a 10uF polypropylene DC link capacitor is sufficient for the converter topology with a simple diode rectifier for a 15kW integral motor. The work includes a detailed analytical evaluation of the DC link voltage which leads to an equation of the maximum ripple in this voltage, depending on the motor power, the DC link capacitance and the switching frequency. Experiments were performed which validate the results of the simulations. As the diode rectifier does not provide line currents which fulfill the EMC standards given by the IEC, alternative switch-mode rectifiers are investigated in this thesis. Included are the Vienna Rectifier, the diode boost rectifier and the full-bridge switch-mode rectifier. Simulations with the software package PSCAD/EMTDC were performed for the mentioned converter topologies. All converters were designed in such a way that the harmonic emission of the line currents were in accordance with the EMC standards. A loss estimation method is presented which calculates the losses of the power devices by using both the simulation results and the loss data specified in the data-sheets for certain devices. It was found that the Vienna Rectifier with a tolerance band control is the most suitable alternative for the use in an integral motor. Measurements on prototype converters utilizing both the diode and the Vienna Rectifier are performed and the simulation and loss estimation results are confirmed. Furthermore, it was shown that the integral motor system performs well even under asymmetrical supply conditions despite the use of comparably small energy storage elements. A new model for the calculation of high-frequency losses in the corner coils of the presented type of integral motor is described as well. It is shown that the expected additional losses(especially eddy current losses) should not be neglected and need to be taken into account in future motor designs.
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| 9. |
- Marklund, Liselott, et al.
(author)
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Utveckling av metodik för flygbildstolkning inom NILS landskapsrutor (5x5 km)
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Miljöövervakningsprogrammet Nationell Inventering av Landskapet i Sverige (NILS) bygger på en kombination av fältinventering och flygbildstolkning och ger ett dataunderlag för att skatta tillstånd och förändringar i det svenska landskapets alla naturtyper. För att utföra landskapsanalyser krävs data från ett större område än den centrala kilometerruta (1 km 2) som utgör basen inom NILS. Den omgivande landskapsrutan (25 km2) är där ett viktigt komplement för att kunna beskriva den rumsliga fördelningen av olika typer av landskapselement, och landskapets fragmenteringsgrad, med mera.Projektet har syftat till att ta fram ett beslutsunderlag som ska ligga till grund för beslut om hur flygbildstolkningen av landskapsrutan ska utföras.Utgångspunkten i projektet har varit att ta hänsyn till så många användarbehov som möjligt vid förslaget på tolkningsmetodik. Undersökningen av användarbehov har till stor del baserats på den informationsanalys (Esseen et al . 2004) som legat till grund för designen av NILS. Genomgången visar att de största användarbehoven är att kunna följa landskapets sammansättning och struktur. För att detta ska vara möjligt krävs uppgifter om storlek, form och rumslig fördelning av en mängd marktäcketyper och markanvändning. Användarnas behov av detaljeringsgrad varierar och inom urban miljö och inom odlingslandskapet är kraven på detaljeringsnivå är högre jämfört med skogsmark och våtmarker, där en högre generaliseringsgrad kan tolereras.Metodtester och en genomgång av nya tekniker och metoder för datafångst och tolkning har genomförts med utgångspunkt från de användarbehov som påtalats i informationsanalysen (Esseen et al . 2004). Ett förslag på möjlig klassificering har framarbetats för att visa på den detaljeringsgrad som krävs vid tolkningen för att skapa vissa typer av markslagsklasser.Förslaget baseras i första hand på användarbehoven varför vissa avvikelser från ett vanligt hierarkiskt klassificeringssystem förekommer.De metoder som testat har varit manuell flygbildstolkning med stöd av befintliga GIS-data och tolkning med stöd av segmenteringsprocesser. Metodtesterna har utmynnat i förslag på tolkningskoncept för landskapsrutan indelat på 3 scenarier.I scenario 1 redovisas en manuell lösning som bygger på en kombination av manuell flygbildstolkning och nyttjande av befintliga eller kommande GIS-data.I scenario 2 redovisas en kombination av manuella och semiautomatiska metoder som bygger på manuell flygbildstolkning, nyttjade av befintliga GIS-data som kNN-Sverige och segmentering, där segmenteringen utnyttjas för polygonavgränsning, framförallt i skog.I scenario 3 redovisas ett framtidsscenario där det är möjligt att kombinera data från flygbilder och laserskanning med segmenteringsprocesser, semiautomatisk klassning av segment och manuell flygbildstolkning kontroll och tolkning.Slutsatsen är att scenario 1 är den mest kostsamma lösningen och scenarion 3 är inte möjligt att genomföra inom den närmaste framtiden varför scenario 2 bedöms vara det alternativ som har högst potential att vara kostnadseffektivt. Slutsatsen blir att förslaget i scenario 2 behöver avgränsas ytterligare och att det krävs utförliga metodtester för att kunna bedöma den totala kostnadsbilden för förslaget.
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| 10. |
- Ståhle, Per, et al.
(author)
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Strong Toughening Mechanisms in an Elastic Plastic Laminate
- 2007
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In: Interface design of polymer matrix composites : mechanics, chemistry, modelling and manufacturing : proceedings of the international Symposium on Materials Science - proceedings of the international Symposium on Materials Science. - : DTU Risø. - 8755036260 ; , s. 273-280, s. 273-279
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fracture process of a laminate is analysed. The laminate is a material used for packaging.It consists of a thin aluminium foil with a polymer coating. In both materials, the fractureprocesses are supposed to be dominantly localized plastic deformation. A Barenblatt regionis supposed to spread ahead of the crack tip. This region is analysed in its cross planeinvoking plane deformation conditions. The fracture process is assumed to be continuousreduction of the cross sectional area in the crack plane until the load carrying capacityvanishes with the vanishing cross sectional area. One case where the interface betweenthe two materials is perfectly bonded and one case with delamination of the interface areexamined. The results are compared with the properties of the individual layers. At fracturemechanical testing of the laminate, it is observed that the load carrying capacity increasesdramatically as compared with that of the individual layers. When peak load is reachedfor the laminate, strains are fairly small and only the aluminium is expected to carry anysubstantial load because of the low stiffness of the polymer. It is therefore surprising thatthe strength of the laminate is almost twice the strength of the aluminium foil. The reasonseems to be that the constraint introduced across the interface, forces the polymer to absorblarge quantities of energy at small nominal strain. The toughness compares well with theaccumulated toughness of all involved layers. Based on the results, a method is suggestedfor designing ultra tough laminates based on careful selection of material combinations and interface properties. The method gives a laminate that produces mutlple necking.
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