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- Kienzler, B., et al.
(author)
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Swedish-German actinide migration experiment at ASPO hard rock laboratory
- 2003
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In: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. - 0169-7722 .- 1873-6009. ; 61:04-jan, s. 219-233
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within the scope of a bilateral cooperation between Svensk Karnbranslehantering (SKB) and Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut fur Nukleare Entsorgung (FZK-INE), an actinide migration experiment is currently being performed at the Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) in Sweden. This paper covers laboratory and in situ investigations on actinide migration in single-fractured granite core samples. For the in situ experiment, the CHEMLAB 2 probe developed by SKB was used. The experimental setup as well as the breakthrough of inert tracers and of the actinides Am, Np and Pu are presented. The breakthrough curves of inert tracers were analyzed to determine hydraulic properties of the fractured samples. Postmortem analyses of the solid samples were performed to characterize the flow path and the sorbed actinides. After cutting the cores, the abraded material was analyzed with respect to sorbed actinides. The slices were scanned optically to visualize the flow path. Effective volumes and inner surface areas were measured. In the experiments, only breakthrough of Np(V) was observed. In each experiment, the recovery of Np(V) was less than or equal to40%. Breakthrough of Am(III) and Pu(IV) as well as of Np(IV) was not observed.
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- Neumann Andersen, Grethe, et al.
(author)
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MC(1) receptors are constitutively expressed on leucocyte subpopulations with antigen presenting and cytotoxic functions.
- 2001
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In: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 126:3, s. 441-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The expression of melanocortin MC(1) receptors on human peripheral lymphocyte subsets was analysed by flow cytometry using rabbit antibodies selective for the human MC(1) receptor and a panel of monoclonal antibodies against lymphocyte differentiation markers. The MC(1) receptor was found to be constitutively expressed on monocytes/macrophages, B-lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of cytotoxic T-cells. Interestingly T-helper cells appeared to be essentially devoid of MC(1) receptors. The results were confirmed by RT-PCR which indicated strong expression of MC(1) receptor mRNA in CD14(+), CD19(+) and CD56(+) cells. However, only a faint RT-PCR signal was seen in CD3(+) cells, in line with the immuno-staining results that indicated that only part of the CD3(+) cells (i.e. some of the CD8(+) cells) expressed the MC(1) receptor. The MC(1) receptors' constitutive expression on immune cells with antigen-presenting and cytotoxic functions implies important roles for the melanocortic system in the modulation of immune responses.
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