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- Burén, Jonas, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Gaming and Social Media Addiction in University Students: Sex Differences, Suitability of Symptoms, and Association With Psychosocial Difficulties
- 2021
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In: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-0640. ; 12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Previous research has shown that addictions to digital media can have negative impact on psychosocial health. Although Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has received most scholarly recognition, the potential negative consequences of Social Media Disorder (SMD) have also been found. However, few studies have assessed the symptoms of these two digital media addictions in the same way, making comparisons difficult. The present study aims to fill this gap by investigating differences and similarities regarding how common the symptoms are, sex differences, the suitability of the symptoms, and their association with psychosocial difficulties. Method: A total of 688 university students (63.2% women, Mean age = 25.98) completed a questionnaire measuring symptoms of IGD and SMD, as well as psychosocial difficulties (i.e., psychosomatic symptoms, low self-concept, and social problems). Results: Results showed that 1.2% of the men and 0.9% of the women met the symptom criteria for IGD (non-significant difference), whereas 3.2% men and 2.8% women met the symptom criteria for SMD (non-significant difference). Dimensional analyses indicated that men had higher IGD scores compared to women, whereas the opposite was found for SMD. Symptoms of heavy involvement in digital media (i.e., Preoccupation, Tolerance, Withdrawal, Unsuccessful attempts to control, and Escape) had high sensitivity, but low positive predictive value (PPV). However, symptoms associated with negative consequences of digital media use (i.e., Loss of interest, Continued excessive use, Deception, and Jeopardizing career/relationships) had low sensitivity, but high PPV. These symptom patterns were similar for IGD and SMD. Meeting the criteria for IGD or SMD as well as being at risk of these disorders were significantly associated with psychosocial difficulties. Symptoms of SMD generally had stronger associations with psychosomatic symptoms compared to symptoms of IGD. Conclusions: We conclude that heavy involvement in digital media seems common among individuals with IGD or SMD, but also among those not meeting the symptom criteria, whereas negative consequences are less common but highly predictive of digital media addictions once present. Further attention to SMD is warranted, as it seems more common than IGD and also seems to be equally or more strongly associated with psychosocial difficulties.
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| 2. |
- Thorell, Lisa B., et al.
(author)
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Longitudinal associations between digital media use and ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents: a systematic literature review
- 2022
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In: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous reviews have often shown a link between digital media ADHD symptom levels. However, longitudinal studies are needed to find stronger evidence of a causal effect as well as to determine the direction of effects. The aim of the present review (PROSPERO CRD42021262695) was therefore to provide a systematic review of studies meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) include longitudinal data investigating associations between digital media (i.e., gaming and social media) and later ADHD symptoms or vice versa, (2) be published within the past 10years (i.e., 2011 until June 2021), (3) be published in a peer-reviewed journal in English, and (4) include children or adolescents (age 0–17years). After a systematic search in the Web of Science and PsycInfo databases, we included 28 studies, all with adequate or high quality. Results showed support for reciprocal associations between digital media and ADHD symptoms, with associations being more consistent for problematic use of digital media than for screen time. Thus, children with ADHD symptoms appear more vulnerable to developing high or problematic use of digital media (i.e., selection effects), and digital media also have effects on later ADHD symptom levels, either because of specific characteristics of digital media or because of indirect effects on, for example, sleep and social relations (i.e., media effects). However, it should be emphasized that further studies investigating potential moderators and mediators are needed if we are to better understand the complex associations between digital media and ADHD symptom levels.
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| 3. |
- Palomar-Siles, M, et al.
(author)
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Translational readthrough of nonsense mutant TP53 by mRNA incorporation of 5-Fluorouridine
- 2022
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In: Cell death & disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-4889. ; 13:11, s. 997-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- TP53 nonsense mutations in cancer produce truncated inactive p53 protein. We show that 5-FU metabolite 5-Fluorouridine (FUr) induces full-length p53 in human tumor cells carrying R213X nonsense mutant TP53. Ribosome profiling visualized translational readthrough at the R213X premature stop codon and demonstrated that FUr-induced readthrough is less permissive for canonical stop codon readthrough compared to aminoglycoside G418. FUr is incorporated into mRNA and can potentially base-pair with guanine, allowing insertion of Arg tRNA at the TP53 R213X UGA premature stop codon and translation of full-length wild-type p53. We confirmed that full-length p53 rescued by FUr triggers tumor cell death by apoptosis. FUr also restored full-length p53 in TP53 R213X mutant human tumor xenografts in vivo. Thus, we demonstrate a novel strategy for therapeutic rescue of nonsense mutant TP53 and suggest that FUr should be explored for treatment of patients with TP53 nonsense mutant tumors.
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| 4. |
- Wiman, Ingela M. B., 1950
(author)
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Taming the Wilderness. Etruscan Images of Nature
- 2022
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In: Approaches to Ancient Etruria / edited by Mette Moltesen, Annette Rathje. - Copenhagen : Museum Tusculanum Press. - 0904-2067. - 9788763546973 ; , s. 191-216
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Classical Archaeology, Studies in Etruscan Iconography on Nature.
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