| 1. |
- Abazov, V. M., et al.
(author)
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The upgraded DO detector
- 2006
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 565:2, s. 463-537
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The DO experiment enjoyed a very successful data-collection run at the Fermilab Tevatron collider between 1992 and 1996. Since then, the detector has been upgraded to take advantage of improvements to the Tevatron and to enhance its physics capabilities. We describe the new elements of the detector, including the silicon microstrip tracker, central fiber tracker, solenoidal magnet, preshower detectors, forward muon detector, and forward proton detector. The uranium/liquid -argon calorimeters and central muon detector, remaining from Run 1, are discussed briefly. We also present the associated electronics, triggering, and data acquisition systems, along with the design and implementation of software specific to DO.
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| 2. |
- Han, Y., et al.
(author)
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X-Radiation Induces Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Apoptosis by Upregulation of Axin Expression
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3016. ; 75:2, s. 518-526
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Axis inhibition (Axin) is an important negative regulator of the Wnt pathway. This study investigated the relationship between Axin expression and sensitivity to X-rays in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to find a useful indicator of radiosensitivity. Methods and Materials: Tissue from NSCLC patients, A549 cells, and BE1 cells expressing Axin were exposed to 1-Gy of X-radiation. Axin and p53 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) assay and FACS (fluorescence-activate cell sorter) analysis. Caspase-3 activity was determined by Western blotting. Phospho-JNK expression was determined by immunofluorescence. Results: The expression of Axin was significantly lower in NSCLC tissues than in normal lung tissues (p less than 0.05). Axin expression correlates with differentiation, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC (p less than 0.05). Its expression negatively correlates with the expression of p53(mt) (p=0.000) and positively correlates with apoptosis (p=0.002). The prognosis of patients with high expression of Axin was better than those with low expression. X-radiation increases Axin expression in NSCLC tissue, and caspase-3 is significantly higher in samples in which Axin is increased (p less than 0.05). Both X-radiation and Axin induce apoptosis of A549 and BE1 cells; however, the combination of the two enhances the apoptotic effect (p less than 0.05). In A549 cells, inhibition of p53 blocks Axin-induced apoptosis, whereas in BE1 cells, the JNK pathway is required. Conclusions: Axin induces the p53 apoptotic pathway in cells where this pathway is intact; however, in cells expressing p53(mt), Axin induces apoptosis via the JNK pathway. Elevated Axin expression following X-ray exposure is a reliable indicator for determining the radiosensitivity of NSCLC.
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| 3. |
- Liu, Bingbing, et al.
(author)
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Effects of silver films with different nano-particle sizes on SERS of single-walled carbon nanotubes
- 2005
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In: Chemical Journal of the Chinese Universities. - 0251-0790. ; 26:10, s. 1930-1933
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on silver films with different nano-particle sizes from 20 to 100 nm deposited on quartz and glass substrates were studied systematically. The characteristic Raman spectral features of SWCNT G-band and D-band were analyzed. The two bands show a similar tendency with the change of nano-particle size of silver on quartz and glass substrates. The position and the intensity of the G-band are less sensitive to the films' silver particle sizes in the studied range, indicating that hexagonal carbon rings are stable and have a weak interaction with silver films. The shape of the D-band depends on the silver size. The smaller the silver particle size, the more the contribution of high frequency vibrations to the D-band, indicating that disorder carbon has a strong interaction with the active silver films.
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| 4. |
- Miao, J, et al.
(author)
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Bile acid signaling pathways increase stability of Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP) by inhibiting ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation
- 2009
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In: Genes & development. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1549-5477 .- 0890-9369. ; 23:8, s. 986-996
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP) inhibits activities of numerous transcription factors involved in diverse biological pathways. As an important metabolic regulator, SHP plays a key role in maintaining cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis by inhibiting cholesterol conversion to bile acids. While SHP gene induction by increased bile acids is well established, whether SHP activity is also modulated remains unknown. Here, we report surprising findings that SHP is a rapidly degraded protein via the ubiquitin–proteasomal pathway and that bile acids or bile acid-induced intestinal fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) increases stability of hepatic SHP by inhibiting proteasomal degradation in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent manner. SHP was ubiquitinated at Lys122 and Lys123, and mutation of these sites altered its stability and repression activity. Tandem mass spectrometry revealed that upon bile acid treatment, SHP was phosphorylated at Ser26, within an ERK motif in SHP, and mutation of this site dramatically abolished SHP stability. Surprisingly, SHP stability was abnormally elevated in ob/ob mice and diet-induced obese mice. These results demonstrate an important role for regulation of SHP stability in bile acid signaling in normal conditions, and that abnormal stabilization of SHP may be associated with metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes.
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