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- Willer, Cristen J., et al.
(author)
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Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation
- 2009
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 41:1, s. 25-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Common variants at only two loci, FTO and MC4R, have been reproducibly associated with body mass index (BMI) in humans. To identify additional loci, we conducted meta-analysis of 15 genome-wide association studies for BMI (n > 32,000) and followed up top signals in 14 additional cohorts (n > 59,000). We strongly confirm FTO and MC4R and identify six additional loci (P < 5 x 10(-8)): TMEM18, KCTD15, GNPDA2, SH2B1, MTCH2 and NEGR1 (where a 45-kb deletion polymorphism is a candidate causal variant). Several of the likely causal genes are highly expressed or known to act in the central nervous system (CNS), emphasizing, as in rare monogenic forms of obesity, the role of the CNS in predisposition to obesity.
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- Newton-Cheh, Christopher, et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide association study identifies eight loci associated with blood pressure
- 2009
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 41:6, s. 666-676
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Elevated blood pressure is a common, heritable cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide. To date, identification of common genetic variants influencing blood pressure has proven challenging. We tested 2.5 million genotyped and imputed SNPs for association with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 34,433 subjects of European ancestry from the Global BPgen consortium and followed up findings with direct genotyping (N <= 71,225 European ancestry, N <= 12,889 Indian Asian ancestry) and in silico comparison (CHARGE consortium, N 29,136). We identified association between systolic or diastolic blood pressure and common variants in eight regions near the CYP17A1 (P = 7 x 10(-24)), CYP1A2 (P = 1 x 10(-23)), FGF5 (P = 1 x 10(-21)), SH2B3 (P = 3 x 10(-18)), MTHFR (P = 2 x 10(-13)), c10orf107 (P = 1 x 10(-9)), ZNF652 (P = 5 x 10(-9)) and PLCD3 (P = 1 x 10(-8)) genes. All variants associated with continuous blood pressure were associated with dichotomous hypertension. These associations between common variants and blood pressure and hypertension offer mechanistic insights into the regulation of blood pressure and may point to novel targets for interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease.
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- Zou, C.-D., et al.
(author)
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Melting temperature depression of Sn-0.4Co-0.7Cu lead-free solder nanoparticles
- 2009
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In: Soldering and Surface Mount Technology. - : Emerald. - 1758-6836 .- 0954-0911. ; 21:2, s. 9-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to study the melting temperature of the nanoparticles of the new developed Sn-0.4Co-0.7Cu (wt%) lead-free solder alloy.Design/methodology/approach - Nanoparticles of Sn-0.4Co-0.7Cu lead-free solder alloy were prepared by the self-developed consumable-electrode direct current arc technique, where ultrasonic vibration was applied during the manufacturing of the particles. X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope were employed to analyze the crystal structure and morphology of the nanopartiles, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the melting temperature of both the bulk alloy and as-prepared nanoparticles.Findings - The melting temperature of the nanoparticles was approximately 5 degrees C lower compared to that of the bulk alloy.Originality/value - As a novel developed lead-free solder alloy, the Sn-0.4Co0.7Cu (wt%) alloy provides a cost advantage compared to the extensively used Sn-Ag-Cu system. Some limitations still exist, however, mainly due to its relatively higher melting temperature compared to that of eutectic Sn-37Pb solder. In view of this situation, the attempt to lower its melting temperature has recently attracted more attention based on the knowledge that the melting temperature for pure metals is reduced when the particle size is decreased down to a few tens of nanometers.
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