| 1. |
- Armesto, N., et al.
(author)
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Heavy-ion collisions at the LHC-Last call for predictions
- 2008
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In: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 35:5, s. 054001-
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This writeup is a compilation of the predictions for the forthcoming Heavy Ion Program at the Large Hadron Collider, as presented at the CERN Theory Institute 'Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC - Last Call for Predictions', held from 14th May to 10th June 2007.
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| 4. |
- Nambu, Kei, et al.
(author)
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Assessing centrifugation technique for obtaining soil solution with respect to leaching of low molecular mass organic acids from pine roots.
- 2005
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In: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061 .- 1872-6259. ; 127:3-4, s. 263-269
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Centrifugation is a common technique to obtain soil solution. However, this method may disrupt living cells in the soil and release their contents into the soil solution. To examine this possibility, we compared leaching of low molecular mass organic acids (LMMOAs) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the root of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) packed in quartz sand via extraction by centrifugation and milder procedures of water immersion and suction. Centrifugation enhanced leaching of shikimate appreciably; leaching of DOC, lactate, malate, and phosphate was also significantly enhanced. The concentration leached from the root was greater than 10 mu M for shikimate, and generally ranged between 0.5 and 5 mu M for the other acids. As for actual soil samples, this level of leaching could be appreciably large in upper mineral horizon(s) if the root density is as large as in our experiments and if the concentrations of LMMOAs in the soil matrix are relatively small.
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| 5. |
- Thurdin, Rickard T., et al.
(author)
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Bio fuel ash in a road construction: Impact on soil solution chemistry
- 2006
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In: Waste Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 26:6, s. 599-613
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Limited natural resources and landfill space and increasing amounts of ash produced from incineration of bio fuel and solid wastes have created a demand for useful applications of ash of which road construction is one. Here the environmental impact of a fly ash layer in a reconstructed road was evaluated by studying the soil solution chemistry in the ash layer, at two depths in the soil below and at two depths in the ditch using a centrifugation drainage technique. The road was situated about 20 km west of Sollefteå, (63˚ 16� 33�N, 17˚12�52�E) in the middle of Sweden. Two years after the application of the ash the concentrations of zinc were increasing in the ash layer solutions while concentrations of cadmium were stabilising. Below the ash layer in the road an initial increase of the pH was observed and the concentrations of potassium, sulphate and cadmium showed an increase while copper and mercury showed decreasing concentrations in the road and the ditch soil solutions. The concentrations in the ditch soil solutions were generally much lower compared to the road. Concentrations of calcium in the ash layer solutions indicated that hardening had taken place.
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| 8. |
- Van Hees, P, et al.
(author)
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The carbon we do not see : The impact of low molecular weight compounds on carbon dynamics and respiration in forest soils - A review
- 2005
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In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-0717 .- 1879-3428. ; 37:1, s. 1-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dissolved organic matter (DOM), typically quantified as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), has been hypothesized to play many roles in pedogenesis and soil biogeochemical cycles, however, most research to date concerning forest soils has focussed on the high molecular weight (HMW) components of this DOM. This review aims to assess the role of low molecular weight (LMW) DOM compounds in the C dynamics of temperate and boreal forest soils focussing in particular on organic acids, amino acids and sugars. The current knowledge of concentrations, mineralization kinetics and production rates and sources in soil are summarised. We conclude that although these LMW compounds are typically maintained at very low concentrations in the soil solution (<50 muM), the flux through this pool is extremely rapid (mean residence time 1-10 h) due to continued microbial removal. Due to this rapid flux through the soil solution pool and mineralization to CO2, we calculate that the turnover of these LMW compounds may contribute substantially to the total CO2 efflux from the soil. Moreover, the production rates of these soluble transitory compounds could exceed HMW DOM production. The possible impact of climate change on the behaviour of LMW compounds in soil is also discussed.
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| 9. |
- Vestin, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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The influence of alkaline and non-alkaline parent material on soil chemistry
- 2006
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In: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061 .- 1872-6259. ; 135, s. 97-106
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The gneiss bedrock at Alnö Island, (62o24N, 17o30E) in the middle of Sweden, has alkaline intrusions interspersed in narrow dikes. This gives an opportunity to study the impact of different parent material on soil solution in a homogeneous spruce stand. In this study, the alkaline parent materials gave rise to a soil solution with significantly (p 0.05) higher concentrations of DOC, SO4, NO3, Ca and Mg compared to the non-alkaline sites. For the deepest mineral horizons, 25-30cm, F and pH were also higher in the alkaline soil solutions. There were almost no differences between the organic horizons at alkaline and non-alkaline sites, probably explained by the influence of litter and recirculation of nutrients. The multivariate analyses emphasized the correlation between the parent material and the soil solution concentrations of Ca, Mg, PO4 and Al. The data were statistically evaluated by t-tests, ANOVA (Analysis of variances), PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and PLS (Partial Least Squares regression).
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