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- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(author)
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Testicular torsion in children - Bilateral or unilateral operation
- 1985
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In: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 151:5, s. 425-427
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Between 1969 and 1984 65 children were operated on for testicular torsion. A follow-up study of 63 patients who underwent surgery for unilateral testicular torsion with fixation only on the affected side showed that no torsion occurred on the opposite nonfixated side and there was no retorsion during an observation period of an average of more than seven years. From our calculated risk for contralateral testicular torsion we suggest that bilateral fixation is not necessary in children who present with a unilateral testicular torsion.
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- Greisen, G, et al.
(author)
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EEG depression and germinal layer haemorrhage in the newborn
- 1987
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In: Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-656X .- 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 76:3, s. 519-525
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) recordings from 32 mechanically ventilated infants, gestational age 32 weeks or less, were analysed. All recordings were started within 24 h of birth and continued for at least 50 h. Germinal layer haemorrhage (GLH) was diagnosed by repeated ultrasonography. In six infants neither GLH nor hypocalcaemia were diagnosed; aEEG in these infants rapidly became more active after birth: at 30 h of age continuous background activity was present for more than 20% of the time, and a seizure-like pattern was exceptional. In seven infants without GLH but with hypocalcaemia and other signs of metabolic derangement, continuous background activity appeared later and seizure-like activity was frequent. In the infants with GLH, depression of the background activity was apparent. This finding was particularly distinct in the presence of severe haemorrhages. Four infants developed GLH after 30 h of age. All these infants had depressed aEEG before the development of GLH, with less than 20% continuous activity at 30 h of age. In ten infants an analysis of the aEEG during the occurrence of GLH was possible. In six of these, cortical electrical activity decreased. Due to the limitation of GLH timing, it was not possible to decide whether this decrease closely preceded or followed GLH. We suggest that GLH primarily occurs in brains with a preceding metabolic and neurophysiologic abnormality, and that further functional deterioration is caused by the most severe haemorrhages.
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- Hellström-Westas, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Cerebral complications detected by EEG-monitoring during neonatal intensive care
- 1989
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In: Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. Supplement. - : Wiley. - 0300-8843. ; 78:S360, s. 83-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The report describes the clinical use and value of continuous EEG-monitoring during different clinical circumstances that are not usually related to changes in EEG. Three infants with pneumothorax, hypoglycaemia, and severe hyaline membrane, respectively, are presented.
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- Hellström-Westas, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Lidocaine for treatment of severe seizures in newborn infants. I. Clinical effects and cerebral electrical activity monitoring
- 1988
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In: Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-656X .- 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 77:1, s. 79-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The anticonvulsive effect of lidocaine was evaluated in 46 newborn infants with severe, recurrent seizures. Before the lidocaine all infants were being given phenobarbital, and 22 infants were also treated with diazepam. Different dosages of lidocaine were tested. A loading dose of 2 mg/kg followed by i.v. infusion of 6 mg/kg/hour was the most effective dosage and had an immediate anticonvulsive effect in 18 of 25 infants; within 30 min the same effect was attained in another five of the infants, with an overall seizure control in 92% of the sample population. During the lidocaine treatment cerebral electrical activity was followed continuously with a cerebral function monitor (CFM), which also enabled evaluation of the treatment. No serious side effects on blood-pressure, heart-rate or cerebral electrical activity were registered. For newborn infants with severe recurrent seizures not responding to other drugs, lidocaine is an effective additional mode of treatment.
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- Hellström-Westas, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Silent seizures in sick infants in early life. Diagnosis by continuous cerebral function monitoring
- 1985
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In: Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-656X .- 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 74:5, s. 741-748
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cerebral electric activity was surveilled with a Cerebral Function Monitor (CFM) technique in 87 newborn infants under neonatal intensive care. A total of 26 infants had electrographical signs of repeated seizure activity. Among these infants 14 had periods of one hour or more of silent seizures activity. Among these infants 14 had periods of one hour or more of silent seizures, i.e. typical pattern of ictal epileptic activity on CFM without clinical symptoms or signs of convulsions. The occurrence of silent seizures and their pattern in relation to the clinical condition and management was unpredictable in most cases. Besides general limpness or flaccidity in an outward quiet baby these infants showed no clinical fits or clonic convulsions. The findings indicate that anticonvulsive therapy in small infants may be insufficient and need re-evaluation, since the long-term effect of silent seizures on cerebral function and activity is still uncertain.
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- Sabharwal, Hemant, et al.
(author)
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Oligosaccharides from faeces of a blood-group B, breast-fed infant
- 1988
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In: Carbohydrate Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-426X .- 0008-6215. ; 178:1, s. 145-154
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eight oligosaccharides have been isolated from faeces of a blood group B, secretor, breast-fed infant and characterized by sugar and methylation analysis, f.a.b. mass spectrometry and 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy. One of these oligosaccharides has not previously been reported and is a tri-L-fucosyl derivative of lacto-N-hexaose. The other compounds were identical to oligosaccharides found in human milk. Several of the reported compounds require the secretor dependent 2'-fucosyltransferase for their biosynthesis. Since the mother of this child was an O(H) non-secretor, an intestinal biosynthesis of at least some of these compounds is strongly indicated. No blood group B active oligosaccharides were detected which is in sharp contrast to the oligosaccharide excretion in faeces from a blood group A infant [Sabharwal et al., Mol. Immunol., 21 (1984) 1105-1112] in which all the major oligosaccharides isolated were blood group A active.
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- Sabharwal, Hemant, et al.
(author)
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Oligosaccharides from feces of preterm infants fed on breast milk
- 1988
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In: Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-9861. ; 265:2, s. 390-406
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nine neutral and five acidic oligosaccharides were isolated from feces of a preterm (30th postmenstrual week) blood group A nonsecretor infant fed on pooled breast milk. Structural analyses were carried out using sugar and methylation analyses, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR. The acidic oligosaccharides are well-known components of human milk. The neutral oligosaccharides are characteristic of nonsecretor milk. Surprisingly, no secretor gene-dependent oligosaccharides were present in the feces. Another preterm (27th postmenstrual week) blood group A, secretor infant fed on pooled breast milk showed the same fecal oligosaccharide pattern as above during the first week after birth, despite being a secretor individual. Also notable was the absence of blood group A-active oligosaccharides in this sample. Another sample of feces collected 8 weeks later from the latter infant contained the expected blood group A-active oligosaccharides. Furthermore, free sialic acid was present at the cost of the sialyl oligosaccharides seen earlier. Thus, infants born prematurely do not show the same degree of development of oligosaccharide metabolism as their more mature counterparts.
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- von Knorring, Anne-Liis, 1945-
(author)
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Adoption studies on psychiatric illness : epidemiological, environmental and genetic aspects
- 1983
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of adoptions and to study the gene-environment influences on psychiatric illness as well as sick-leave patterns. The material consists of 2 966 adopted persons born between 1917 and 1949, their 5 932 adoptive parents and 5 438 identified biological parents.Adopted persons had a higher incidence of personality disorders and substance abuse than non-adopted controls. Adopted men also had an increased incidence of neuroses. Adopted women had an increased sick-leave because of somatic complaints, especially upper respiratory tract infections and abdominal complaints of short duration. Somatization i.e. more than 2 sick-leaves/year because of somatic complaint together with nervous complaints was more frequent among adopted women. Women with somatization could be separated into 2 types according to the pattern of sick-leave. Type 1 ("high frequency") had frequent sick-leaves for psychiatric, abdominal and back complaints. They also had a high frequency of alcohol abuse. Type 2 ("diversiform") had more diverse complaints and had fewer sick-leaves because of nervous complaints.High frequency somatizers had biological fathers with teenage onset of criminality and frequent registrations for alcohol abuse. Diversiform somatizers had the same genetic background as adopted men with petty criminality or male limited alcoholism.No specific genetic influences on treated depression or substance abuse were found in this study. However, a non-specific vulnerability of the biological mother influenced on the risk of depression and substance abuse among adopted women.There were some indications that placement in the adoptive home between 6 and 12 months of age was associated with reactive neurotic depression in adult life. Otherwise early negative experiences in term of unstable placements before adoption did not significantly influence on psychiatric illness in adulthood.Affective disorders in the adoptive father were associated with treatment for depressions or substance abuse in the adoptee. Low social status in the part of the adoptive father increased the risk of somatization of both types in the adoptee.
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