| 1. |
- Algharbi, Muteb, et al.
(author)
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Do different maxillary expansion appliances influence the outcomes of the treatment?
- 2018
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In: European journal of orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2210 .- 0141-5387. ; 40:1, s. 97-106
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is no consensus in the literature regarding which rapid maxillary expansion (RME) design or activation rate benefits the patients the most. Therefore, the primary aim of this systematic review was to see whether there is a difference in the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of different RME appliances in children and growing adolescents. The secondary aim was to see whether these effects are different when using different activation protocols for these appliances.The search was done in three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science). The following inclusion criteria were used: randomized controlled trial, prospective controlled studies, 15 or more patients in each study, human subjects up to 18 years of age, and RME effects had to be assessed by computed tomography/cone beam computed tomography.Quality of the methodology was classified according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines as high, moderate, or low.The search resulted in 145 titles and abstracts; 109 of them were excluded based on pre-established criteria. Thirty-six full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 18 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. Finally, seven articles were deemed eligible for full inclusion and revealed that all appliances and protocols showed significant expansion in the mid-palatal suture. No evidence was found for the cause of dental tipping.In this systematic review, having different age groups in each study and using different anatomical landmarks and outcome measures for assessing the skeletal and dental effects made it difficult to conduct a meta-analysis.There is moderate evidence that all designs produce significant expansion at the mid-palatal suture. However, lack of studies comparing appliances and protocols has been found. Finally, no evidence-based conclusions could be drawn about the appliance effect on teeth tipping.No appliance appears to be superior when it comes to expansion in the mid-palatal suture. Therefore, the tooth-borne appliance might be preferable until further high-quality studies conclude otherwise.The project was funded through the Department of Orthodontics, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden.This systematic review was not registered in any external databases.
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| 2. |
- Alt Murphy, Margit, 1970, et al.
(author)
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An upper body garment with integrated sensors for people with neurological disorders – early development and evaluation
- 2019
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In: BMC Biomedical Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2524-4426. ; 1:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: To develop a novel wearable garment with integrated sensors for continuous monitoring of physiological and movement related variables to evaluate progression, tailor treatments and improve diagnosis in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Methods: An iterative development process and evaluation of an upper body garment with integrated sensors included: identification of user needs, specification of technical and garment requirements, garment development and production as well as evaluation of garment design, functionality and usability. The project is a multidisciplinary collaboration with experts from medical, engineering, textile, and material science within the wearITmed consortium. The work was organized in regular meetings, task groups and hands-on workshops. User needs were identified using results from a mixed-methods systematic review, a focus group study and expert groups. Usability was evaluated in 19 individuals (13 controls, 6 patients with Parkinson’s disease) using semi-structured interviews and qualitative content analysis. Results: A prototype designed to monitor movements and heart rate was developed. The garment was well accepted by the users regarding design and comfort, although the users were cautious about the technology and suggested improvements. All electronic components passed a washability test. The most robust data was obtained from accelerometer and gyroscope sensors while the electrodes for heart rate registration were sensitive to motion. artefacts. The algorithm development within the wearITmed consortium has shown promising results. Conclusions: The prototype was accepted by the users. Technical improvements are needed, but preliminary data indicate that the garment has potential to be used as a tool for diagnosis and treatment selection and could provide added value for monitoring seizures in epilepsy, fluctuations in PD and activity levels in stroke. Future work aims to improve the prototype further, develop algorithms, and evaluate the functionality and usability in targeted patient groups. The potential of incorporating blood pressure and heart-rate variability monitoring will also be explored.
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| 3. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Effect of interceptive extraction of deciduous canine on palatally displaced maxillary canine: a prospective randomized controlled study.
- 2014
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In: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 1945-7103 .- 0003-3219. ; 84:1, s. 3-10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate the effect of the extraction of deciduous canines on palatally displaced canines (PDCs), to analyze the impact of the age of the patient on this interceptive treatment, and to assess the outcome of one-sided extraction of a maxillary primary canine on the midline of the maxilla.This study included 48 PDCs in 24 consecutive patients with bilateral PDCs. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 11.6 years (standard deviation 1.2 years). After randomization, one deciduous canine of each patient was assigned to extraction, and the contralateral side served as control. The patients were then followed at 6-month intervals for 18 months with panoramic and intraoral occlusal radiographs.The rates of successful eruption of the PDCs at extraction and control sites were 67% and 42%, respectively, at 18 months. The difference between the sites was statistically significant, and the effect was significantly more pronounced in the younger participants. A significant decrease in arch perimeter occurred at extraction sites compared to control sites during the observation period. No midline shift toward the extraction side was observed in any patient.The extraction of the deciduous canine is an effective measure in PDC cases, but it must be done in younger patients in combination with early diagnosis, at the age of 10-11 years. Maintenance of the perimeter of the upper arch is an important step during the observation period, and a palatal arch as a space-holding device is recommended.
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| 4. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Orthodontic bonding with and without primer: a randomized controlled trial.
- 2016
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In: European journal of orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2210 .- 0141-5387. ; 38:5, s. 503-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate the incidence of failure of brackets bonded with and without primer.A single-operator, cross-mouth, randomized controlled trial (RCT).The Orthodontic Department at the Postgraduate Dental Education Centre, Örebro, Sweden.Ethical approval was granted by the Regional Ethical Review Board, Uppsala, Sweden.The protocol was not published before trial commencement.Fifty consecutive patients requiring bimaxillary orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and with an equal number of teeth on each side of the dental arch, were included in this RCT. A cross-mouth methodology was applied. In each patient, two diagonal quadrants (i.e. upper right and lower left, or vice versa) were randomly assigned to the primer group (control group) and the contralateral diagonal quadrants to the non-primer group (experimental group). The randomization process was as follows: A computer-manufactured block-randomization list was acquired and stored with a research secretary at the Postgraduate Dental Education Centre. Each time a patient gave consent, the secretary was contacted by e-mail, and information about which quadrants were to be bonded with and without primer was obtained. All incidents of bracket failure and debonding noted in patient records during the 2012-14 observation period were compiled by the other co-author, whom was blinded to the study and did not perform any orthodontic treatment on the study patients.Number of bracket failures over 18 months.Failure rate without primer was 5.5 per cent and with primer 3.1 per cent; P = 0.063, odds ratio (OR) 1.89 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-3.68] in the adjusted model. Younger ages (10-13 years), boys, and mandible were significantly associated with higher failure rates. Interaction tests indicated that younger patients had significantly higher failure rates without (12.1 per cent) than with primer (4.1 per cent), P < 0.001, OR 3.51 (95% CI 1.93-6.38) in the adjusted model. No failure rate differences between study settings were found for older patients (14-18 years).The difference between two groups was powered at 5 per cent. Some clinicians may consider a difference less than 5 per cent clinically significant.Bonding Victory Series™ brackets with Transbond™ XT with or without Transbond™ MIP primer seems overall to work equally well in a clinical setting, except in younger children where lower failure rate was found in the primer setting.
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| 5. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Rapid maxillary expansion in therapy-resistant enuretic children: An orthodontic perspective.
- 2016
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In: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 1945-7103 .- 0003-3219. ; 86:3, s. 481-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate whether rapid maxillary expansion (RME) could reduce the frequency of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children and whether a placebo effect could be ruled out.Thirty-four subjects, 29 boys and five girls with mean age of 10.7 ± 1.8 years suffering from primary NE, were recruited. All subjects were nonresponders to the first-line antienuretic treatment and therefore were classified as "therapy resistant." To rule out a placebo effect of the RME appliance, all children were first treated with a passive appliance for 4 weeks. Rhinomanometry (RM), acoustic rhinometry (AR), polysomnographic registration, and study casts were made at different time points.One child experienced severe discomfort from the RME appliance and immediately withdrew from the study. Following RME, the long-term cure rate after 1 year was 60%. The RM and AR measurements at baseline and directly after RME showed a significant increase in nasal volume and nasal airflow, and there was a statistically significant correlation between reduction in enuresis and increase in nasal volume. Six months postretention, a 100% relapse of the dental overexpansion could be noted.RME has a curative effect in some children with NE, which could be connected to the positive influence of RME on the sleep architecture. Normal transverse occlusion does not seem to be a contraindication for moderate maxillary expansion in attempts to cure NE in children.
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| 6. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Three-dimensional analysis of effects of rapid maxillary expansion on facial sutures and bones.
- 2013
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In: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 1945-7103 .- 0003-3219. ; 83:6, s. 1074-82
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate the evidence on three-dimensional immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment on growing patients as assessed by computed tomography/cone beam computed tomography (CT/CBCT) imaging.The published literature was searched through the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases from January 1966 to December 2012. The inclusion criteria consisted of randomized controlled trials, prospective controlled studies, and prospective case-series. Two reviewers extracted the data independently and assessed the quality of the studies.The search strategy resulted in 73 abstracts or full-text articles, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. When treating posterior crossbites with a RME device, the existing evidence points out that the midpalatal suture opening is around 20%-50% of the total screw expansion. There seems to be no consistent evidence on whether the midpalatal sutural opening is parallel or triangular. The effect on the nasal cavity dimensions after RME seems to be apparent and indicates an enlargement between 17% and 33% of the total screw expansion. Circummaxillary sutures, particularly the zygomaticomaxillary and frontomaxillary sutures and also spheno-occipital synchondrosis, appear to be affected by the maxillary expansion. Overall, however, the changes were small and the evidence not conclusive.CT imaging proved to be a useful tool for assessment of treatment effects in all three dimensions. The majority of the articles were judged to be of low quality, and therefore, no evidence-based conclusions could to be drawn from these studies.
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| 7. |
- Berg, Linda, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Characterisation of Cancer Support and Rehabilitation Programmes: A Swedish Multiple Case Study
- 2014
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In: The open nursing journal. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1874-4346. ; 8, s. 1-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancer support and rehabilitation are suggested to be an integral part of cancer care strategies. This study focuses on comparativeness of cancer support and rehabilitation programmes. The aim of this study was to analyse available cancer support and rehabilitation programmes in Sweden presented as complementary to cancer rehabilitation at cancer clinics. A multiple case study design was chosen in order to inquire the small number of existing supportive and rehabilitative cancer programmes. Based on the structures, processes and outcomes of the nine included programmes, three types of cancer support and rehabilitation programmes were identified: multimodal rehabilitation, comprehensive cancer support and art therapy. Cancer support and rehabilitation programmes offer a variety of activities and therapies which are highly valuable and relevant for people with cancer. The typology of cancer support and rehabilitation programmes and comparability between programmes need further inquiry.
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| 8. |
- Bergman, Penny, et al.
(author)
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Age-related decline in senses and cognition: A Review
- 2021
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In: Senses and Sciences. - : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet. - 2284-2489. ; 8:2, s. 1264-1292
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Age-related decline in the senses is well-known, with a decline in the sensitivity of all senses having been observed. Decline in the senses can be connected to different neurological disorders and cognitive function and may even be a possible predictor of death. Aim: The aim of this narrative review was to find and explore recent literature on the covariation between age-related decline in the different senses and co-existing effects on cognitive ability and quality of life. Results and Discussion: Six themes could be identified, these were: “Decline due to normal ageing?”, “Technical aids and solutions”, “Wellbeing”, “Memory training”, “Verbal exercises” and “Sensory training”. Large differences between the different senses were obtained. However, the senses showed similar patterns in the different themes. Conclusion: It could be concluded that there are many similarities concerning the connections between the decline in individual senses and cognition and memory. Measurements of wellbeing and quality of life are common in the evaluation of the senses, and all types of decline have an impact on activities in daily life.
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| 9. |
- Eilertsen, M. E. B., et al.
(author)
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Impact of Social Support on Bereaved Siblings' Anxiety: A Nationwide Follow-Up
- 2013
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In: Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1043-4542 .- 1532-8457. ; 30:6, s. 301-310
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose:To assess adolescent and young adult siblings' perception of social support prior to and following the loss of their brother or sister to cancer, 2 to 9 years earlier, and their anxiety at follow-up. Method: In 2009, 174 (73%) bereaved siblings (12-25 years) participated in a nationwide, long-term follow-up study in Sweden using an anonymous study-specific questionnaire. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to measure self-assessed anxiety. Results: Siblings had a higher risk of anxiety if they perceived their need for social support was unsatisfied during their brother or sisters' last month before death, relative risk (RR) = 3.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8-7.3); time after death, RR = 2.9 (95% CI = 1.5-5.6); and at follow-up, RR = 3.8 (95% CI = 2.0-7.2). Furthermore, a higher risk for anxiety was shown for siblings if they did not perceive that their parents and neighbors cared for them after their brother or sisters' death, RR = 2.7 (95% CI = 1.3-5.5), RR = 5.4 (95% CI = 1.3-21.9), respectively. Conclusion: Bereaved siblings had a greater probability to report self-assessed anxiety if they perceived that their need for social support was not satisfied prior to and following death. Information from both nurses and other health care professionals to families about the impact of social support may contribute to lessen the siblings' risk of anxiety.
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| 10. |
- Elden, Helen, 1959, et al.
(author)
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Demanding and challenging: Men's experiences of living with a pregnant woman with pelvic girdle pain: An interview study
- 2014
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In: Clinical Nursing Studies. - : Sciedu Press. - 2324-7940 .- 2324-7959. ; 2:4, s. 17-29
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is a universally disabling condition affecting approximately 50% of pregnant women. Qualitative research describes how PGP leads to struggle in women’s daily lives, makes them question and doubt their roles and identities as professionals and mothers, and test their (marital) relationships. The purpose of this study was to describe men’s experiences of living with a pregnant woman with PGP. Methods: Participants were men whose pregnant partners participated in a project containing both qualitative and quantitative studies in 2009 to 2011. Interviews were conducted in person (n=18) or by telephone (n=8), lasting approximately 20-50 minutes. Sixteen men were interviewed during their wive’s pregnancies (M age = 30 years), eight men were re-interviewed within 12 months postpartum and two men were interviewed only postpartum (26 interviews). Results: Three major categories emerged: having no knowledge of PGP, a period of emotional and physical strain, and merging. Pregnancy in a woman with PGP caused men to alter focus from themselves to their partners and family. They expressed worry, powerlessness, inadequacy, and a need for support. They had to adapt and cope, both demanding and challenging. However, they stressed that relationships with their older children improved, and that they and their partners had succeeded in becoming a team. Conclusions: The findings indicated a need for greater focus from midwives and other health care providers on the psychological impact of PGP on the man/partner. This is important, not only for men but for their respective women as well, whereby men influence their partner’s health.
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