| 11. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
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Categorisations Impeding and Supporting Universal Design
- 2021
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- *Introduction* The adoption of Universal Design in European countries introduces a demand for and ex-pectations of a culture which supports equality and non-stigmatisation, treasuring diversi-ty and striving towards a society for all. *Background*Universal Design comes with a set of values, which create tensions between established practices based on “persons with disabilities” as a distinct, separate target group, and the “nonclusive” mindset of Universal Design. Seen this way, Universal Design challenges ex-isting categorisations of people into e.g. who is and who is not or can and cannot be “disa-blized”. Thus, it is important to understand how categorisations operate and what is need-ed in creating categorisations that enhance the development of Universal Design. How can a shift in categorisation grounds support Universal Design? Will it obscure or hide diversi-ty as a side effect instead of acknowledging and respecting it?*Method*This paper contributes new knowledge about the processes of categorisation operating be-low the surface amongst the tacit and yet tangible forces which create inclusion or exclu-sion. It seeks to examine and discuss categorisation as such and how dividing people into separate categories construct similarities and differences between people. The theoretical underpinnings of Universal Design have been described as being under-developed, and the paper is an attempt to strengthen Universal Design by scrutinizing its underlying assump-tions and categorisations. The paper draws on four studies that are part of a Swedish re-search project on categorisation and Universal Design, which focuses on categorisation regarding gender and dis-/ability and involves two disciplines: linguistics and design sci-ences. *Results*The primary kinds of material that will be used in the paper are results from studies of pol-icy documents, corpus studies of newspaper articles, and photographs contributed by par-ticipants in a citizen science study.*Conclusion*Analysis is still ongoing. Conclusions will be added in the final abtract.
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| 12. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof
(author)
-
Framväxten av universell utformning – en kulturomdaning
- 2022
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In: Kunskap för framgångsrik inkludering. - 9789197950817 ; , s. 8-15
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Per-Olof Hedvall ger en inblick i hur universell design startade och hur det tankeskiftet tar klivet in i arbetslivet med UUA. Om hur vi kan göra arbetslivet mer tillgängligt från början och minska risken för kategoriseringar och särbehandling.
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| 13. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
-
From Inclusive to Nonclusive Design – A Shift in Categorisation
- 2024
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In: Design for All Institute of India. - 2582-8304. ; 19:6, s. 12-29
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The background to this article is an interest in what categorisations such as ‘persons with or without disability’ create in terms of inequality and stigma, and how categorisations can support the implementation of Universal Design (UD). The article aims to show how a shift in categorisation can lead to a shift in the conceptualisation of UD, from “inclusive” to “nonclusive” design, i.e., to design processes that refrain from categorising people, bodies and roles. Our analysis is based on a range of photographs, images, and extracts from policy documents related to inclusion and exclusion collected in five recent research projects. Current ways to categorise will reiterate and perpetuate the current power structures, if not changed. In the article, we show what a shift from inclusive design to nonclusive design might look like in four types of artefacts: graphic design, physical products and environments, texts, and information and communication technology (ICT). Such a shift in categorisation will make it possible to meet variation with variation, and to ensure that the next product, program, or environment does not divide people into predefined boxes based on, e.g., their bodily configurations. However, working with nonclusive design will demand having just as rich an image of human variation and how to support it as ever before. In conclusion, we argue that Nonclusive Design is Universal Design, completing the progress from barrier-free to inclusive to nonclusive design(ing).
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| 14. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
-
Moving Beyond Human Bodies on Display : Signs of a Shift in Categorisation
- 2022
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In: DAI - Il Disegno per l’Accessibilità e l’Inclusione. - Milano : Publica. - 9788899586256 ; , s. 48-59
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we explore signs on toilet doors. Our aim is to contribute to an enhanced understanding of how goals and ambitions regarding inclusion are realised in design processes. We identify and outline three patterns for inclusive signage: 1) Addition, where inclusive signage is accomplished by adding more pictograms of different persons, 2) Combination, where inclusive signage is accomplished by composite pictograms, 3) what we choose to call Nonclusion, where nonclusive signage is accomplished by not depicting persons, bodies, or roles at all. We end by discussing the three patterns in terms of a growing unease towards inclusion as such and with the prevailing patterns of categorisation of people, bodies, and roles.
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| 15. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
-
Tillgänglighet, användbarhet och universell utformning
- 2022. - 1
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In: Participation : vad, när, hur - vad, när, hur. - 9789144153155 ; , s. 151-182
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- När ett barn föds är det mycket i samhället som det ännu inte har träffat på. Ja, faktiskt det mesta. Vem barnet blir och vilka vägar det väljer genom livet kommer att påverkas av många faktorer, däribland utformningen av alla de produkter och miljöer det över tid möter och interagerar med. I detta kapitel ägnar vi oss åt fysiska aspekter av interaktionen mellan individ och samhälle, med fokus på hur tillgänglighet, användbarhet och universell utformning (UU) formar förutsättningarna för delaktighet. Vi argumenterar för att de tre begreppen kan och bör ses som delar i en helhet och att de kompletterar varandra med avseende på underliggande tankemodeller och fokus. I kapitlet går vi igenom begreppen och hur de förhåller sig till varandra, för att därefter ge vår syn på hur de hänger ihop.
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| 16. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
-
Towards 3rd Generation Universal Design: Exploring Nonclusive Design
- 2022
-
In: Transforming our World through Universal Design for Human Development, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Universal Design, 7-9 September 2022, Brescia, Italy / Ilaria Garofolo, Giulia Bencini, Alberto Arenghi (eds.). - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. - 9781643683041
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we identify and describe early signs of a shift towards 3rd generation UD, of which “nonclusive design” is an essential part. The paper explores the significance of such a shift using examples of the built and designed environment and of signage. Nonclusive design means design that resists categorisations of bodies/roles and that does not come with predefined or presupposed limits in terms of who it is meant for. We outline seven themes characterising the shift towards nonclusive design: 1) from included to undefined users, 2) from person to function, 3) from adaptism to variation, 4) from separation to convergence, 5) from reactive to proactive, 6) from unaware to aware, and 7) from explicit to tacit. Nonclusive design directs attention to context instead of the individual, focusing on possibilities, functions and facilities. It has a convergent character, highlighting variation and unity rather than separation. Nonclusive design presupposes awareness, knowledge and proactive development void of adaptism. It incorporates human variation without reiterating patterns of norm-deviation. We argue that the continued growth of UD demands, is part of, and contributes to a shift in culture, with nonclusive, intersectional thinking as a key future driver. In such a culture, 3rd generation UD can contribute as a common guiding mindset, as a source for innovation, as a way to listen for diversity in all its forms, and as a way to lead towards a sustainable society.
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| 17. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof
(author)
-
Universell utformning – Hur designar vi ett samhälle för alla?
- 2020
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In: Med människan i fokus : En uppföljning av Politik för gestaltad livsmiljö 2020 och medskick inför framtida arbete - En uppföljning av Politik för gestaltad livsmiljö 2020 och medskick inför framtida arbete. ; , s. 68-73
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- de senaste fem åren har begreppet universellutformning fått ett allt större genomslag i den svenskafunktionshinderpolitiken. En viktig anledning till detta är att Sverige ratificerade den så kalladefunktionsrättskonventionen år 2008. I konventionenförs universell utformning fram som huvudprincip ochnationellt åtagande för allt nytt som skapas i samhället.Det innebär att alla nya produkter, varor, tjänster ochmiljöer ska kunna användas av alla medborgare, i störstamöjliga utsträckning.
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Co-Designing with Extreme Users : A Framework for User Participation in Design Processes
- 2023
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Stockholm University Press. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 25:1, s. 418-430
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The demand for user participation in design processes is increasing, and there is a need to formulate guidance on how to involve disabled users and their representative organisations. Their participation contributes an extreme user perspective to the design process. The aim of this study was to develop an empirically grounded framework for user participation in co-design processes, involving the users with wide range of characteristics. The study was theoretically grounded in ‘participatory design’ and ‘value sensitive design’ and used an exploratory study design with online workshops to iteratively collect and analyse data. All participants collaborated on an online Miro-board to identify themes and formulate guiding principles for the framework. We propose a framework consisting of three themes: participation fundamentals, participation ethics and participation practicalities, entailing 11 guiding principles. By applying this framework, the premises, methods and activities in the design process will be accessible to all participants, and user participation in design projects will become more transparent, equitable and easier to implement. It will enable all users, people with disabilities and others, to participate and contribute to a design that can be used by the widest range of people.
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Prerequisites for digital participation : the case of digital health technology and people with impairments
- 2024
-
In: The Routledge international handbook of disability and global health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 9781032131849 - 9781003859345 ; , s. 552-564
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digital healthcare services and digital health information, here called eHealth services, have the potential to reach people with diverse needs as both a complement to and a substitution for traditional healthcare. The access to and use of digital health information and digital healthcare services that are accessible and usable for people with impairments is a complex phenomenon.This potential is not always released and there seems to be a systematic pattern regarding who will benefit from eHealth and who will not, and there is a risk that those who could benefit from eHealth the most will be the ones using it the least. This chapter will present and discuss a set of prerequisites for achieving equity and non-disabling use of eHealth services for people with impairments. Over time and depending on context or society, some prerequisites are probably more critical than others.
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| 20. |
- Magnusson, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
-
Universal design : visualising diversity, two low hanging fruits
- 2024
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In: Design for All, India. - 2582-8304. ; 19:6, s. 113-129
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- To plan, design and build with diversity in mind is a complex process. While goals such as inclusion, participation and social sustainability may be present in the vision for a future product, service or environment, studies show that the initial vision isn’t always realized in the end result. There are still far too many products, services and environments that are hard to access or use for parts of the population. In this text we focus on comparatively simple, lightweight, tools – “low hanging fruits”. Such tools are already available, there are personas, context cards, but also checklists and guidelines. Inspired by the existing work, we have developed one deck of cards, intended to serve as thought support by visualizing population diversity. In order to obtain a similar effect in digital environments (egin digital twins and other 3D environments used in planning and development) we have also developed 3D models (vehicles, devices and humans) that can be put in the digital environment, and serve as a reminder to the users of the digital environment of population diversity.
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