| 371. |
- Falci, S, et al.
(author)
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Obliteration of a posttraumatic spinal cord cyst with solid human embryonic spinal cord grafts : first clinical attempt.
- 1997
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In: Journal of Neurotrauma. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 0897-7151 .- 1557-9042. ; 14, s. 875-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cystic lesions of the spinal cord (syringomyelia) may occur after spinal cord injury. Posttraumatic syringomyelia may result in a myelopathy causing symptoms of sensory and motor loss, as well as worsening spasticity, pain, hyperhidrosis, and autonomic dysreflexia. Shunting of the cyst cavity along with untethering of the scarred spinal cord is widely accepted as the treatment of choice. However, the long-term stabilization of the progressive myelopathy caused by a posttraumatic cyst is suboptimal because of arachnoidal rescarring, shunt tube blockage, and cyst reexpansion. A new neurosurgical strategy to overcome the complication of cyst reexpansion was designed. Experimental studies have shown the successful use of embryonic spinal cord grafts, including human grafts, to obliterate induced spinal cord cavities in rats. The authors report the first use of solid human embryonic spinal cord grafts to successfully obliterate 6 cm of a large cyst cavity in a patient becoming myelopathic from a posttraumatic cyst. The grafts are well visualized by MRI to the 7-month postoperative follow-up and cyst obliteration is seen in the region where the grafts were placed.
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| 372. |
- Fläckman, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Struggling to adapt : caring for older persons while under threat of organizational change and termination notice
- 2009
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In: Nursing Inquiry. - : Wiley. - 1320-7881 .- 1440-1800. ; 16:1, s. 82-91
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- FLACKMAN B, HANSEBO G and KIHLGREN A. Nursing Inquiry 2009; 16: 82-91 Struggling to adapt: caring for older persons while under threat of organizational change and termination notice Organizational changes are common in elder care today. Such changes affect caregivers, who are essential to providing good quality care. The aim of the present study was to illuminate caregivers' experiences of working in elder care while under threat of organizational change and termination notice. Qualitative content analysis was used to examine interview data from 11 caregivers. Interviews were conducted at three occasions during a two-year period. The findings show a transition in their experiences from 'having a professional identity and self-confidence', to 'being a professional in a threatening situation caused by someone else' and to 'struggling to adapt to a changed working environment as a person and a professional'. The caregivers experienced a loss of pride and satisfaction. Previous literature indicates that this may have consequences for the quality of care and that employees may be at risk of negative health effects. However, the caregivers continued to struggle, doing their best to complete their duties. The study has implications for high-level decision-makers, managers and caregivers in similar work-life situations in that it deals with factors that facilitate or impede similar transitions.
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| 373. |
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| 374. |
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| 375. |
- Fransson, Eleonor, et al.
(author)
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Indications of recall bias found in a retrospective study of physical activity and myocardial infarction
- 2008
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In: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 61:8, s. 840-847
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the presence of recall bias in retrospective studies of physical activity and myocardial infarction. Study Design and Setting: In 2005, seventy-eight cases who had suffered from a myocardial infarction and 243 control subjects, who had previously participated in the Swedish WOLF (Work, Lipids, and Fibrinogen) study, were asked about their physical activity level during 1990-2005. The answers about recalled past leisure time, occupational, and household physical activity level were compared with physical activity level as reported at the baseline examination of the WOLF study in 1992-1998. Results: The proportion who recalled the same activity level as originally reported ranged from 69% to 96% (cases) and 69% to 89% (controls), and the kappa values ranged from 0.30 to 0.91 (cases) and 0.46 to 0.59 (controls), with the exception of perceived physical workload in household work, which showed low agreement between the originally stated and later recalled activity levels. Some differences were found between cases and controls regarding recall of past occupational activity, indicating the presence of recall bias in this domain of physical activity. Conclusion: We cannot preclude the existence of recall bias when using retrospectively recalled information about occupational physical activity in studies of physical activity and myocardial infarction.
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| 376. |
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| 377. |
- Franzén-Dahlin, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of a support and education programme for spouses of people affected by stroke
- 2008
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In: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 22:8, s. 722-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a nurse-led support and education programme for spouses of patients affected by stroke improved the psychological health of the spouses.DESIGN: A longitudinal, open, randomized controlled trial.SAMPLE: One hundred spouses of stroke patients were randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group.SETTING: The study was conducted in a hospital setting.INTERVENTION: The intervention consisted of six group meetings during six months, with a follow-up after further six months. Comparison between the intervention and the control groups was made at baseline, after six and 12 months using analysis with repeated measures.MAIN MEASURES: The Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale--Self-Affective for psychological health.RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups concerning overall psychological health. However, a subanalysis revealed that those who participated more frequently in the group meetings (five or six times) had significantly stronger psychological health (P<0.05). Knowledge about stroke increased over time in both groups, but participants in the intervention group learned more (P=0.041).CONCLUSION: Encouraging participation in the group meetings of a support programme might have a positive effect on psychological health.
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| 378. |
- Franzén-Dahlin, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Predictors of life situation among significant others of depressed or aphasic stroke patients
- 2008
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 17:12, s. 1574-1580
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to examine predictors of the life situation of the significant other of depressed or aphasic stroke patients.BACKGROUND: Depression and aphasia are common consequences of stroke, and both may put pressure on the significant other who have to deal not only with a possible physical handicap but also with communication and/or serious psychiatric difficulties.DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional study.METHODS: The participants were significant others of 71 depressed and 77 aphasic stroke patients. Depression was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, and degree of aphasia was diagnosed with the Amsterdam Nijmegen Everyday Language Test. Assessments of the life situation, state of depression and aggression, personality change and need of assistance were made through questionnaires issued to the significant others.RESULTS: Perceived need of assistance was the only common predictor of life situation of the significant other in both groups (p < 0.001). With respect to the aphasic patients, perceived personality change (p < 0.001) and living with the patient (p = 0.004) were factors that had a negative effect on the life situation of the significant other.CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that the perception of the patient's need of assistance is an important factor in predicting the life situation among spouses of depressed as well as aphasic stroke patients. A comparison of the two groups to explain the life situation of the significant others revealed greater explanatory power for the aphasic group.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Assessments of the spouses' perception as well as of the patients' factual situation may identify those significant others at risk. With this new approach, necessary steps may be taken to alleviate pressure on the significant other.
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| 379. |
- Fredriksson, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Tissue Response to Subcutaneously Implanted Recombinant Spider Silk : An in Vivo Study
- 2009
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In: Materials. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 2:4, s. 1908-1922
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Spider silk is an interesting biomaterial for medical applications. Recently, a method for production of recombinant spider silk protein (4RepCT) that forms macroscopic fibres in physiological solution was developed. Herein, 4RepCT and MersilkTM (control) fibres were implanted subcutaneously in rats for seven days, without any negative systemic or local reactions. The tissue response, characterised by infiltration of macrophages and multinucleated cells, was similar with both fibres, while only the 4RepCT-fibres supported ingrowth of fibroblasts and newly formed capillaries. This in vivo study indicates that 4RepCT-fibres are well tolerated and could be used for medical applications, e.g., tissue engineering.
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| 380. |
- Friis, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Review of social epidemiologic research on migrants' health : findings, methodological cautions, and theoretical perspectives
- 1998
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In: Scandinavian journal of social medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0300-8037. ; 26, s. 173-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The phenomenon of world-wide immigration and migration has major implications for the health of the migrants in addition to its impact upon social and other service providers. Studies of migrants that utilize social epidemiologic methods fall within the traditional boundaries of descriptive and analytic approaches; this article reviews some of the studies that exemplify these approaches. It then suggests specific methodological issues and cautions pertaining to research on migrants and provides a theoretical model for organizing the diverse research studies that have been conducted. By stimulating discussion regarding social epidemiologic research on migrants' health, this model is intended to serve as a compass point for future research and needed interventions.
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