| 51. |
- Slaug, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Patterns of functional decline in very old age: an application of latent transition analysis.
- 2016
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In: Aging clinical and experimental research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1720-8319. ; 28:2, s. 267-275
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a scarcity of longitudinal studies examining how functional decline develops among very old people. The aim of the current study was to detect and characterize typical patterns of functional decline in a sample of very old people.
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| 52. |
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| 53. |
- Slaug, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Public entrance accessibility : Psychometric approach to the development of a new assessment instrument
- 2019
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In: Disability and Health Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1936-6574. ; 12:3, s. 473-480
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The accessibility of public facilities for all is an issue increasingly gaining focus in policy debates, especially regarding the ageing population. Objective: This paper describes a psychometric approach to the development of a new instrument for assessing the accessibility of public entrances. Methods: Items to include were selected by means of literature review and classified according to a typology of person-environment fit that uses the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as theoretical framework. Content validity was assessed by a scientific panel approach and construct validity by using simulation techniques and correlation analysis with a related construct. Reliability was evaluated by inter-rater agreement analysis, where 15 strategically selected public entrances were assessed by five rater pairs. Results: Content validity was assessed as high (3.6 on a scale from 1 to 4) and correlation indicating convergent validity between instrument scores and a related construct was moderate (r s = 0.60, p < 0.001). Inter-rater reliability was acceptable to good (kappa 0.42, overall agreement 81%). After an iterative process including review of validity and reliability results, the resulting assessment instrument consisted of 56 items in 7 sections. Conclusions: This study demonstrated good content validity and acceptable to good inter-rater reliability. Though initial results were promising, user involvement and further testing of construct validity is needed. The goal of the new instrument is a feasible tool for planning, evaluation and accomplishment of policies intended to make public entrances accessible for all. The extent to which the instrument succeeds remains to be tested by practical use.
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Slaug, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Typology of person-environment fit constellations: a platform addressing accessibility problems in the built environment for people with functional limitations.
- 2015
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In: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Making the built environment accessible for all regardless of functional capacity is an important goal for public health efforts. Considerable impediments to achieving this goal suggest the need for valid measurements of acccessibility and for greater attention to the complexity of person-environment fit issues. To address these needs, this study aimed to provide a methodological platform, useful for further research and instrument development within accessibility research. This was accomplished by the construction of a typology of problematic person-environment fit constellations, utilizing an existing methodology developed to assess and analyze accessibility problems in the built environment.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
- Tsuchiya-Ito, Rumiko, et al.
(author)
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Environmental Challenges in the Home for Ageing Societies : a Comparison of Sweden and Japan
- 2019
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In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0169-3816 .- 1573-0719. ; 34:3, s. 265-289
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sweden and Japan are developed welfare countries facing serious societal and public health challenges due to demographic ageing. The objective of the present study was to provide a background to environmental challenges in the home, related to demographic ageing. Specific aims were to compare: 1) demography and household composition 2) physical housing stocks 3) indoor accidents and 4) housing adaptations between the two countries. Descriptive analyses were conducted using secondary data sources. Demographic ageing is projected to accelerate faster in Japan compared to Sweden, with overall lower fertility rates expected in Japan. In 2050, 39% of the Japanese population is projected to be aged 65 years or older, compared to 23% of the Swedish population. The Swedish ordinary housing stock was markedly older than the Japanese housing stock, with almost 80% of the dwellings built before 1980, while in Japan about 65% were built after 1980. High occurrences of fatal indoor accidents were noted in both countries, but for different reasons. In Sweden, falls was the dominant cause of fatal accidents among older people, while in Japan, in addition to falls, drowning and suffocation caused most of the fatal accidents. Housing adaptations were less frequent in Japan compared to Sweden, and the procedure for evaluating, granting and carrying out housing adaptations appeared to be more complicated in Japan. To decrease the occurrence of indoor accidents, identifying and removing “risk barriers” could be instrumental. In both countries, large-scale efforts are imperative to improve the housing situation for the ageing population.
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
- Tsuchiya-Ito, Rumiko, et al.
(author)
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The Physical Housing Environment and Subjective Well-Being Among Older People Using Long-Term Care Services in Japan
- 2019
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In: Journal of Housing for the Elderly. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0276-3893 .- 1540-353X. ; 33:4, s. 413-432
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For older people using long-term care services, the conditions of their life-space may be critical. The relationships between the physical housing environment and aspects of health were examined among older people in Japan (aged 65+ years, N = 1,928) by multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Lack of safety, low access to emergency assistance, low or high indoor temperature, poor sanitary conditions, and state of home disrepair were significantly associated with negative aspects of health among people with low activities of daily living (ADL) independence. Home care service providers and policymakers need to consider the importance of appropriate environmental conditions for the most vulnerable groups.
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