| 1. |
- Berglund, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal variation of wood-fungi diversity in boreal old-growth forests: Implications for monitoring
- 2005
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Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 15:3, s. 970-982
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monitoring programs that supply reliable and sufficient information on numbers and types of organisms are essential for following changes in biodiversity. In boreal Fennoscandia, forest-dwelling species are threatened in managed forest landscapes and, thus, are of particular concern for conservation strategies. Wood fungi represent key ecological components in the boreal forest that are sensitive to forestry and widely used as indicators in large-scale forest inventories for identifying valuable forest habitats. Knowledge of their natural dynamics is required for designing monitoring programs to assess the adequacy of conservation strategies. We studied the occurrence of corticoids (Corticiaceae) and polypores (Polyporaceae) over time at different spatial scales in unexploited boreal old-growth forests. Data from 70 downed logs followed during an eight-year period showed that the lifespan of fruit bodies of most species was shorter than four years. Even perennial species followed this pattern, although fruit bodies of some species (e.g., Phellinus spp.) remained vital throughout the eight years studied. Both species richness and species composition on individual logs changed markedly over the eight years due to deterministic succession of species paralleling the wood decay. By contrast, data from the stand scale, i.e., seven 0.1-ha plots, showed that species richness and species composition of polypores did not undergo any major changes during a six-year period. A majority of all recorded polypore species (80%) were already present at the first inventory. However, although species richness remained constant at the stand scale, corticoid species composition differed between years, reflecting their short-lived, annual fruit bodies. This study suggests that monitoring should be performed at stand scale and focus on species with durable fruit bodies, e.g., polypores. This will provide data that can be used both to detect future changes in biodiversity in old-growth spruce forests and to evaluate conservation strategies.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bychkov, Vitaly, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Speedup of doping fronts in organic semiconductors through plasma instability
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 107:1, s. 016103-016107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dynamics of doping transformation fronts in organic semiconductor plasma is studied for application in light-emitting electrochemical cells. We show that new fundamental effects of the plasma dynamics can significantly improve the device performance. We obtain an electrodynamic instability, which distorts the doping fronts and increases the transformation rate considerably. We explain the physical mechanism of the instability, develop theory, provide experimental evidence, perform numerical simulations, and demonstrate how the instability strength may be amplified technologically. The electrodynamic plasma instability obtained also shows interesting similarity to the hydrodynamic Darrieus-Landau instability in combustion, laser ablation, and astrophysics.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of heat on interspecific competition in saprotrophic wood fungi
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fungal ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1754-5048 .- 1878-0083. ; 11, s. 100-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some boreal wood fungi that are associated with forest fire or open dry habitats have an increased resistance to heat in comparison to species associated with a less specific distribution or species found in mesic forests. We hypothesize that extreme temperature-stress experienced during fires will favor species adapted to heat and, ultimately, the composition of species inhabiting logs in such habitats will change. Competitiveness after temperature stress was examined in three fire-associated species – Dichomitus squalens, Gloeophyllum sepiarium and Phlebiopsis gigantea – and three non fire-associated species – Ischnoderma benzoinum, Phellinus pini and Fomitopsis pinicola. There was a difference between the fire-associated species and the non fire-associated species with respect to competitive strength after heat stress. All fire-associated species had an advantage after heat treatment, colonizing a larger volume of wood than any non-fire-associated competitor. Our findings suggest that increased heat tolerance of mycelia can exert a competitive balance shift after forest fire. It shows that a system governed by forest fire will be dominance controlled under certain conditions. Furthermore, from a management perspective, during a prescribed burning, certain species already present in the ecosystem will be favored if the fire is not allowed to totally consume the substrates.
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Increased CO2 evolution caused by heat treatment in wood-decaying fungi
- 2017
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Ingår i: Mycological progress. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1617-416X .- 1861-8952. ; 16:5, s. 513-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wood-decaying fungi are regarded as the main decomposers of woody debris in boreal forests. Given that fungal respiration makes a significant contribution to terrestrial carbon flows, it is important to understand how the wood-decaying fungal metabolism is regulated in relation to different environmental conditions and disturbances. In the present study, we investigated the effect of temperature stress on wood decomposition rate in 18 species of wood-decaying fungi, representing a broad range of species-habitat associations. Heat shock duration and temperature were calibrated to match the conditions of a forest fire. We found a general increase in fungal decay rate after heat shock; the response was more pronounced in species associated with fire-prone forests. The underlying mechanism is unclear, but possibly relates to an up-regulation at the cellular level in response to heat shock. Our results show that the decomposition rate of dead wood can be strongly affected by environmental triggers.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Increased decomposition, triggered by heat shock found in wood fungi
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Wood fungi can be extremely heat resilient: several studies have shown that species can survive highly elevated temperatures relative to their growth optima. In this study we examine the effect of heat shock on subsequent decomposition rates. Sixteen species of wood fungi were tested over a period of 17 weeks. All strains were inoculated on to sterilized pine wood cylinders, placed in small bio chambers and tested twiice a week for CO2 accumulation. After 8 weeks all species were subjected to heat shock. We found that this triggered an increased decomposition rate in all species, this increase peaked 6 weeks after the shock. the peak was higher in wood fungi species that are associated with forest fires compared to specoes with no such association.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Increased heat resistance in mycelia from wood fungi prevalent in forests characterized by fire : a possible adaptation to forest fire.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Fungal Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-6146 .- 1878-6162. ; 116:10, s. 1025-1031
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractForest fire has for a long time been the major stand replacing/modifying disturbance in boreal forests. For organisms to adopt to this phenomenon different strategies for protective measurements has evolved. This study focuses on the organism group of wood fungi, and one of several possibilities for adaptation to forest fire - increased heat resistance in the mycelia. 16 species of wood fungi where selected and sorted a priori according to their prevalence for fire affected substrate. These were isolated and re-inoculated on pine wood before testing. Experiments where done in a series where the mycelia was exposed to 100, 140, 180, 220°C for 5, 10, 15, 20, 15 min. A very clear difference was found, the group containing species with a prevalence for a fire affected substrate had a much higher survival rate over all combinations of time and temperature compared to species with a more general ecology. This data suggests that increased heat resistance in mycelia could be a possible adaptation to forest fire. This in turn has major impacts on the ecology and population dynamics of wood fungi. An increase in temperature could shift the population structure in a log, allowing minor non fruiting mycelia content to expand on the expense of earlier dominant colonizers. Furthermore this study has implications on how to control prescribed restoration burning events. When burning areas where the dead wood content is dominated by early decay stages, loss of species can be avoided by proper management.
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Testing the probability of finding major decomposing basidiomycetes in logs with T-RFLP - implications for field sampling
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this article we examine the limitations and potential of T-RFLP for the accurate detection of fungal species in dead wood. We collected cross-sections of decayed logs to evaluate the number of fungal species domains that are likely to be hit when drilling a sawdust sample from a log. We used these estimates to simulate the number of species that would be found using a certain number of samples. We found that in 99% of the simulations, 4 or fewer species would be contained in a sample. Based on these results we tested the probability of detecting two species of wood-decaying basidiomycetes at three different DNA concentration ratios: 1:1, 1:5 and 1:20. An additional experiment was done with 3-5 species. It was possible to detect all species at ratios higher than 1:20 but lower than 1:5; in this range all peaks were easily detected. We were able to detect all species in the mixtures of 3-5 species, with extracts from both pure cultures and wood.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1974-
(författare)
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Wood Fungi and Forest Fire
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forest fires have been the major stand-replacing/modifying disturbance in boreal forests. To adapt to fire disturbance, different strategies have evolved. This thesis focuses on wood fungi, and the effect of forest fire on this organism group. In many ways it is a study on adaptation to forest fire, in concurrence with adaptation to dry open habitats. In Paper I we study increased heat resistance in mycelia from species prevalent in fire prone environments. Fungi were cultivated on fresh wood and exposed to different temperatures. Species prevalent in fire affected habitats had a much higher survival rate over all combinations of time and temperature compared to species associated with other environments. Based on this results the competitiveness was tested after temperature stress (paper II), three fire associated species, were tested against three non fire associated species. All fire associated species had a clear advantage after heat treatment, conquering a larger volume of wood than its competitor. In paper III we studied the effect of heat shock on decomposition rate, 18 species was tested. Species were cultivated and monitored for CO2 accumulation for 8 weeks and then heat shocked. All species including non fire associated species seemed to up-regulate decomposition after heat shock, this response was more pronounced in fire associated species. To look at the possible effect of forest fire on population structure (Paper IV), we developed 29 SNP/INDELs for Phlebiopsis. gigantea. We amplified the marker containing fragments in 132 individuals of P. gigantea in 6 populations, 3 which were found in areas affected by forest fire and 3 in unaffected areas. We found no genetic structure in accordance to forest fire. However we detected geographic structure, which stands in contrast to earlier studies. This might be due to the method, using SNP´s and number of individuals in the study. Finally we collected cross-sections of decayed logs to evaluate the number of fungal species domains that are likely to be hit when drilling a saw-dust sample in a log. We used these estimates to simulate how many species that will be found by a certain number of samples. We found that in 99% of the
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| 10. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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786 svampar på 2015 års rödlista
- 2015
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Ingår i: Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift. - 1653-0357. ; 36, s. 91-97-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A new Swedish Red List was published April 28th 2015 by the Swedish Species Information Centre in which 786 species of fungi are listed. Compared to the previous Red List published in 2010, 11 species have been down-listed, 51 species have been added and 35 species have changed names or taxonomic rank, thus the list has increased by 41. The changes are mainly due to increased knowledge of taxonomy, ecology and distribution, not to changes in the sta-tus of the species. Here, the members of the Species Specialist Group for Fungi 2011 – 2015 summarize the results of the red listing.
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| 11. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Svampar Fungi
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2020. - 9789187853548 ; , s. 67-88
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Svampar Fungi
- 2015
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Ingår i: Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2015. - 9789187853104 ; , s. 53-71
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Eckerman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Muscle Injuries in Swedish Elite Male Football Players
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of sport rehabilitation. - : Human Kinetics. - 1056-6716 .- 1543-3072. ; 29:6, s. 783-788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context:The physical and mental demands of an elite football player are complex, which may explain why injuries are commonin football. At elite level, muscle injuries of the lower-extremity are the most common among male football players, and theresearch hitherto is limited. Objective: To investigate whether personality traits affect the incidence of muscle injuries amongmale football players from the first league in Sweden. Design: Prospective cohort study. Participants: A male football team fromthe first league in Sweden was prospectively followed, in terms of muscle injuries of the lower-extremity during 8 seasons,between 2007 and 2015. Intervention: All muscle injuries included in this study were evaluated and diagnosed withultrasonography. Players from the team filled out the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality questionnaire. SwedishUniversities Scales of Personality questionnaire consists of 91 items and is divided into 13 categories. Main Outcome Measures:The raw values of each scale were linearly transformed to T scores, having a mean (SD) of 50 (10). All variables weresummarized with standard descriptive statistics, such as frequency, mean, and SD. As data were of interval scale and no variabledistribution was severely skewed, differences between noninjured players, rarely injured players, and frequently injured playerswere analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance with post hoc tests by Tukey honestly significant difference test. Results:No significant difference in personality traits were observed between noninjured players, rarely injured players, and frequentlyinjured players regarding number of muscle injuries (P > .05). However, a trend (P = .07) was seen, where frequently injuredplayers scored higher on stress susceptibility than rarely injured players. Conclusion: A player’s stress susceptibility should betaken into consideration by the player, coaches, and medical staff when assessing the risk of a muscle injury. Also, preventivemeasures available for these players may need to be considered.
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| 15. |
- Eckerström, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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High white matter lesion load is associated with hippocampal atrophy in mild cognitive impairment.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9824 .- 1420-8008. ; 31:2, s. 132-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous condition suggested as a prodromal state of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and subcortical vascular dementia (SVD). Recent findings suggest that white matter lesions (WML) may be associated with hippocampal atrophy. The objective of the study was to examine hippocampal and WML volumes in MCI patients and to examine if WML were linked to hippocampal atrophy.
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| 16. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Abundance and viability of fungal spores along a forestry gradient: responses to habitat loss and isolation?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Oikos. - : Wiley. - 0030-1299 .- 1600-0706. ; 104:1, s. 35-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional variation in spore deposition and viability was studied for two fungi, Fomitopsis rosea (Alb. & Schwein.: Fr.) P. Karst. and Phlebia centrifuga P. Karst., both confined to old-growth spruce forests in the boreal zone. Seven regions in Sweden were studied along a north-south transect in which the historical impact from forestry increases and the amount old forests decreases towards the south. The two southernmost regions were located outside the distribution border of the species. Spore deposition was measured species specifically as heterokaryotisation of homokaryotic mycelia growing on wood discs. There was a significant decline in spore deposition towards the south for both species. F. rosea deposited an average amount of 111 spores m-2 24 h-1 in the northernmost region compared to less than 1 spore in the four southernmost regions. The corresponding values for P. centrifuga were 27 spores m-2 24 h-1 in the north compared to less than 2 spores in the 4 southernmost regions. No deposition was found south of the distribution borders. The viability of spores from local populations within each region was measured as germination success on nutrient media. Individual fruiting bodies from large populations in the north generally produced spores with higher germinability than fruiting bodies from geographically isolated populations in the central and southern regions. However, there was a high variation among the southern populations. Our data suggest that some populations in mid- and south Sweden may suffer from negative genetic effects, possibly associated with fragmentation and loss of habitat. Thus, the combination of low spore deposition and low germinability of spores may be a threat to the long-term persistence of F. rosea and P. centrifuga in southern Sweden. Several other species may experience the same situation, especially when considering the severe decline of dead wood in Swedish forests.
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| 17. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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An introduced tree species alters the assemblage structure and functional composition of wood-decaying fungi in microcosms
- 2013
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 306, s. 9-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although it is widely recognized that introduced plant species produce organic matter of different quality surprisingly little is known about how this influence the community structure of decomposers. Here, we investigated the effects of a commercial non-native tree species, lodgepole pine, on the community structure of wood-decaying basidiomycetes and the decomposition of deadwood in northern Sweden. We allowed an assemblage of wood-decaying fungi that occur naturally on pine to interact on fresh wooddiscs of lodgepole pine and Scots pine, using microcosms. At the end of the experiment we measured the wood mass loss and calculated the area of the different species' domains as indicated by interaction zone lines between competing species. Fungal assemblage structure developed in a markedly different way on lodgepole pine compared to Scots pine. In addition to there being fewer species in the final fungal assemblage on lodgepole pine, fungal functional composition was different. White-rot fungi were more competitive and dominated on lodgepole pine, while brown-rot fungi dominated on Scots pine. We also found that the decay rate of lodgepole pine wood was slightly lower, although the underlying reason remains unclear. However, there was a significant positive relationship between the abundance of white-rot fungi and the wood mass loss of lodgepole pine, while no relationship was found between fungal functional group and the decay rate of Scots pine. We also found no relationship between species richness and wood decay rates. Our study reveals that a non-native tree species used in commercial forestry can alter the structure and functional composition of a saprotrophic wood-decaying fungal assemblage. Future studies are required to clarify the mechanisms behind the observed patterns and whether they apply to natural systems.
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| 18. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Competitive outcomes between wood-decaying fungi are altered in burnt wood
- 2016
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0168-6496 .- 1574-6941. ; 92:6, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fire is an important disturbance agent in boreal forests where it creates a wide variety of charred and other types of heat-modified dead wood substrates, yet how these substrates affect fungal community structure and development within wood is poorly understood. We allowed six species of wood-decaying basidiomycetes to compete in pairs in wood-discs that were experimentally burnt before fungal inoculation. The outcomes of interactions in burnt wood differed from those in unburnt control wood for two species:Antrodia sinuosanever lost on burnt wood and won over its competitor in 67% of the trials compared to 40% losses and 20% wins on unburnt wood. In contrast, Ischnoderma benzoinumwon all interactions on unburnt wood compared to 33% on burnt wood. However, the responses differed depending on the identity of the competing species, suggesting an interaction between competitor and substrate type. The observed shift in competitive balance between fungal species probably results from chemical changes in burnt wood, but the underlying mechanism needs further investigation. Nevertheless, the results indicate that forest fires indirectly structure fungal communities by modifying dead wood, and highlight the importance of fire-affected dead wood substrates in boreal forests.
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| 19. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of enhanced tree growth rate on the decay capacities of three saprotrophic wood-fungi
- 2006
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 232:1-3, s. 12-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of Scandinavian boreal forests has changed in many ways as a result of modern intensive forestry. One of the most fundamental changes is the loss of coarse woody debris (CWD), which has adversely affected many wood-inhabiting species. The consequences of reductions in CWD and its variability have received much attention in the literature recently. However, a neglected substratum change with possible profound ecological implications is enhanced tree growth rate due to forestry practices such as thinning and fertilization. In the study presented here we investigated how tree growth rate influenced the decay capacity of two threatened species, Phlebia centrifuga and Fomitopsis rosea, and a common species, F. pinicola, of saprotrophic wood-decay fungi. Their decay capacity was measured as the weight loss they caused in Picea abies wood-discs categorised as fast-, moderately-, and slow-grown. The results show that the rates of decay caused by all three species were highest in fast-grown wood cut in thinnings, and lowest in slow-grown wood cut in extensively managed stands. None of the stands had been fertilised. Interestingly, rate of decay caused by the common generalist fungus F. pinicola was 50% higher in fast-grown wood than in slow-grown wood, suggesting that the turnover of dead wood is much higher in intensively managed forests. Thus, the time window for wood-living species to colonize CWD, which is a transient habitat even in old-growth forests, is even shorter in intensively managed forests. This may adversely affect species with poor dispersal ability. Moreover, F. rosea decayed the slow-grown wood significantly more rapidly than the other species. This suggests that it may be adapted to such substrates, and that F. rosea may be favoured in old-growth forests where trees generally have slower growth rates than in managed forest. For P. centrifuga, there was a large variation in its decay capacity among genets, indicating a need for further studies on the genetics of threatened wood-fungi, given the species’ fragmented distribution.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Fungi and wind strongly influence the temporal availability of logs in an old-growth spruce forest
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 17:2, s. 482-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coarse woody debris (CWD) is a key habitat for many species in forest ecosystems. To ensure the long-term survival of such species, forest management regimes must include measures that promote dead wood dynamics similar to those of natural forests. Thus, information on CWD dynamics under natural conditions is required, including data pertaining to the underlying agents of disturbance. This study examines modes of mortality, decay rates, and temporal patterns in the availability of Picea abies logs in a Swedish old-growth forest affected by internal, small-scale disturbance. All 684 logs in a 6.6-ha plot were mapped and classified into one of six decay classes. Logs in the early stages of decay were examined for the presence of heart-rot fungi. Six years later all logs were re-inventoried, including newly formed logs. Matrix models based on the transition rates between decay classes showed that it took about 60 years for 90% of the logs to decay beyond class 6 (a deformed trunk with soft wood). Large logs (≥26 cm) decayed 40% more slowly than small logs (≤25 cm). The initial volume of logs was 37.6 m3/ha but increased to 44.8 m 3/ha after six years. In addition, there was a large shift in the decay-class distribution. The volume of logs in early and late decay classes increased by 71% and 45%, respectively, while the volume of logs in the intermediate decay classes decreased by 32%. The fluctuations appear to result from pulses in mortality, driven by a combination of strong winds and the heart-rot fungus, Phellinus chrysoloma, which was present in more than 30% of all logs at an early stage of decay. These results show that large temporal fluctuations in dead wood also occur in the absence of large-scale disturbance, and that heart-rot fungi are important factors driving the overall dynamics of dead wood. Since many wood-inhabiting species are naturally rare and have very specific substrate demands, such temporal variability in dead wood availability may have effects on biodiversity and should be taken into account when designing small, protected forest areas.
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| 22. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Local dispersal sources strongly affect colonization patterns of wood-decaying fungi on experimental spruce logs
- 2004
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Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 14:3, s. 893-901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coarse woody debris (CWD) is an important habitat for many species in forest ecosystems. However, forestry has decreased the abundance of CWD so that many wood-dependent species have become threatened. To alleviate this problem, guidelines for a more biodiversity-oriented forestry focus on increasing CWD in managed forests. Unfortunately, how this increase is to be allocated on a landscape scale is not well understood. The present study reports an experiment in which freshly cut logs of varying sizes were placed in stands with contrasting abundance of natural CWD and subsequently varying pools of wood-inhabiting species. The first six years of colonization by wood fungi show that local abundance and composition of the fungal flora strongly influenced colonization. Higher species richness was observed in CWD-rich sites, and several species were more frequent on the experimental logs at CWD-rich sites. The strong within-site effect is interpreted as resulting from high spore deposition from the local species pool. This is supported by spore deposition estimates of Fomitopsis rosea, a red-listed species that only occurred on experimental logs at the CWD-rich sites. F. rosea had a 9-180 times higher spore deposition at the CWD-rich sites compared to the CWD-poor sites. The species richness and composition on small logs differed from that of large logs with higher richness on the latter. The results strongly suggest that restoration efforts would be more efficient if directed toward sites close to CWD-rich sites and that preferably large logs should be created.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Edman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial pattern of downed logs and wood-living fungi in an old-growth spruce forest
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Vegetation Science. - 1100-9233 .- 1654-1103. ; 12:5, s. 609-620
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since many wood-living forest species are influenced by the dynamics of coarse woody debris (CWD), information about the spatial pattern of CWD under natural conditions is essential to understand species distributions. In this study we examined the spatial pattern of downed logs and wood-decaying fungi in an old-growth boreal Picea abies forest in northwestern Sweden that is governed by gap-phase dynamics. The spatial pattern of wood-decaying fungi was studied to draw conclusions about species dispersal abilities. A total of 684 logs with a diameter 10 cm were mapped and analysed with Ripley's K-function. The distribution of all logs taken together displayed a significant aggregated pattern up to 45 m. The different decay stages also deviated from random expectations. Fairly fresh logs and logs in the middle decay stage were clumped up to about 25 and 35 m respectively, and late decayed logs aggregated up to 95 m. Logs with diameters from 10-29 cm were aggregated up to 25 m, whereas logs ≥30 cm diameter were randomly distributed. The result suggests that gap-dynamics do have an impact on the spatial pattern of the CWD, creating fine-scale clumping. The random distribution of large logs may result from the slightly regular spacing of large living trees. The spatial patterns of 16 species (n 20) of wood-decaying fungi were analysed with Ripley's K-function. Three patterns were aggregated, for Gloeophyllum sepiarium, Coniophora olivacea and Vesiculomyces citrinus. These results indicate that the distribution of most species at the stand level is generally not influenced by dispersal limitations.
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| 25. |
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