| 1. |
- Lindqvist, Ulla, et al.
(author)
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A hyaluronan-loading test applied to patients with liver and joint diseases
- 1992
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 210:1-2, s. 119-132
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The serum hyaluronan disappearance data, after an intravenous bolus injection of hyaluronan, were evaluated in terms of model-based parameters. The loading test was performed in 10 healthy persons (basal serum hyaluronan concentration, C0, 24.9 +/- 8.9 micrograms/l [mean +/- S.D.]), 6 patients with joint disease (62.3 +/- 41.1 micrograms/l) and 19 patients with liver disease (206 +/- 214 micrograms/l). The highest maximum Michaelis-Menten elimination rate (Vmax = 287 +/- 86 micrograms/min) was found in patients with joint disease, significantly higher than in healthy persons (Vmax = 179 +/- 16, P = 0.0015) and in patients with liver disease (Vmax = 149 +/- 59, P = 0.0002). C0 and Vmax were evaluated as discriminants for assessment of residual liver function. In patients with liver disease C0 correlated with liver function score (r = 0.875, P < 0.0001) and serum albumin concentration (r = -0.813, P < 0.0001). The Vmax parameter did not correlate with conventional liver function tests or with the liver score but a significantly negative correlation of Vmax with C0 was found in patients with liver disease. A combination of the C0 level and the Vmax parameter was found to discriminate between healthy persons, patients with joint disease and patients with liver disease and should be of benefit in separating patients, with or without elevated serum hyaluronan levels, into groups having increased influx or reduced elimination, respectively, of circulating hyaluronan.
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| 2. |
- Syvänen, Ann-Christine
(author)
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Detection of point mutations in human genes by the solid-phase minisequencing method
- 1994
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 226:2, s. 225-236
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increased understanding of the molecular defects causing human genetic diseases has created a need for diagnostic methods to detect these defects at the DNA level. We have developed a new method, denoted solid-phase minisequencing, for the detection of previously known point mutations. Because of its convenient format, the method is well suited for routine use in the clinical laboratory. We have applied it for diagnosis and identification of carriers of the recessively inherited disease aspartylglucosaminura, for diagnosis of dominantly inherited amyloidosis of the Finnish type and for detecting polymorphic nucleotides of the genome. The solid-phase minisequencing method allows accurate and sensitive quantitation of two sequences which differ from each other by one nucleotide and are present as a mixture in a sample. This feature of the method is an advantage in the diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders caused by heteroplasmic point mutations and for the detection of minimal residual cells carrying somatic point mutations in samples from patients with myeloid malignancies.
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| 3. |
- Åvall Lundqvist, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
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Influences of diet and surgical trauma on serum alkaline DNase activity levels.
- 1992
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 205:1-2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Changes in serum alkaline DNase activities might predict the therapeutic response in various malignant diseases. A decrease in serum alkaline DNase activity within days from the onset of therapy has been related to tumour necrosis and may be a possible sign of clinical response to effective treatment. To study if changes in serum alkaline DNase activity could be induced by non-tumour related tissue destruction, sera were collected on several occasions perioperatively in 18 patients undergoing surgery for benign gynaecological disease. Thirty apparently healthy women served as the control group. A significant decrease (P less than 0.001) in serum alkaline DNase activity was observed after an overnight fast in both groups of women. In contrast to the control women, the operated patients showed a significant decrease (P less than 0.001) in serum alkaline DNase activity throughout the operative period and 1 week postoperatively. We conclude that serum alkaline DNase activity is influenced by dietary factors as well as surgical trauma. These factors may limit the clinical usefulness of SADA in patients with cancer.
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| 4. |
- Bergquist, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Demonstration of immunoglobulin G with affinity for dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients.
- 1993
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 217:2, s. 129-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, significantly raised concentrations of immunoglobulin G with affinity for the neurotransmitter dopamine were demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients. We have varied the antigen presentation in order to find a conjugate with low unspecific binding. The conjugation of dopamine to carbodiimide-activated poly-L-glutamic acid and that to activated succinimide ester of biotin are described. The use of glutaraldehyde conjugation is not recommended because of the risk of formation of tetrahydroisoquinolines. A strong correlation (r = 0.94, P < 0.001) between the results obtained with dopamine conjugated to poly-L-glutamic acid and dopamine conjugated to biotin was observed. Forty-two human cerebrospinal fluid samples from 20 psychotic patients, (12 with a bipolar disorder and 8 with schizophrenia) and 22 control patients, with various neurological diseases but no apparent psychiatric diseases were investigated. A significantly higher incidence (P < 0.001) of antibodies with affinity for dopamine were found in the group of psychotic patients compared with the neurological control group.
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| 5. |
- Bergenfelz, A, et al.
(author)
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Intact parathyroid hormone assay is superior to mid region assay in the EDTA-infusion test in hyperparathyroidism
- 1991
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981. ; 197:3, s. 35-229
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examined the use of an intact parathyroid hormone two-site immunoradiometric assay compared with a mid region parathyroid hormone radioimmunoassay in ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-infusion test in 15 patients with hyperparathyroidism. During the test, plasma intact parathyroid hormone levels increased by 240 +/- 43%, whereas the plasma levels of mid molecule parathyroid hormone increased by only 65 +/- 17%, which is significantly lower (P less than 0.01). Four patients had no increase in plasma mid molecule parathyroid hormone level but still a large increase in plasma intact parathyroid hormone level (P less than 0.01). Thus, plasma measurement of intact parathyroid hormone is superior to that of mid molecule parathyroid hormone in the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-infusion test in patients with hyperparathyroidism.
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| 6. |
- Bergenfelz, A, et al.
(author)
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Postoperative studies on parathyroid hormone secretion in patients operated on for primary hyperparathyroidism
- 1993
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981. ; 219:1-2, s. 67-77
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The secretion of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) was investigated in 11 patients operated on for parathyroid adenoma at 1 year after surgery and compared with that of seven healthy individuals and five patients operated on because of clinical and biochemical signs of primary hyperparathyroidism with equivocal diagnosis after surgery. The investigation was performed by infusing Na2EDTA and CaCl2 at constant rates. No significant difference was found in the suppressibility of PTH secretion by calcium. The set point (the calcium concentration required for half-maximal inhibition of PTH secretion) was slightly lower in patients (1.20 +/- 0.02 mmol/l) compared with healthy subjects (1.23 +/- 0.03 mmol/l; P < 0.05). During the hypocalcemic EDTA infusion, the secretion of PTH was higher in controls compared with patients (P < 0.01). By comparing the data from the infusion tests in patients operated on for parathyroid adenomas with the data obtained from the patients with equivocal diagnosis after parathyroid surgery, a good probability for the diagnosis could be obtained.
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| 7. |
- Hultberg, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Enzyme immunoassay of urinary beta-hexosaminidase isoenzymes in patients with renal transplants
- 1990
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981. ; 192:2, s. 107-114
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- beta-Hexosaminidase (NAG) and percent of NAG B were studied in twenty patients following renal transplantation. Median urinary NAG for twenty reference individuals was 0.26 U/mmol creatinine and NAG B was 24%. Urinary NAG decreased rapidly from a median of 3.7 U/mmol on the third day, to 1.2 U/mmol on the 15th day after transplantation in the patients with no major complications. The percentage of NAG B did not change significantly during this period and did not differ from the reference population. Rejection and cyclosporine toxicity were diagnosed on 17 occasions. Urinary NAG rose more than twofold in 15 of these episodes. The percentage of NAG B was slightly increased in 6 of these. Six months after discharge 17 of the renal transplants functioned well. They exhibited a marked decrease (almost normalized) of urinary NAG with no change in the percentage of NAG B.
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| 8. |
- Torffvit, Ole, et al.
(author)
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Tubular secretion of Tamm-Horsfall protein in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus using a simplified enzyme linked immunoassay
- 1992
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981. ; 205:1-2, s. 31-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relationship between glomerular and tubular dysfunction and metabolic control in type 1 diabetes was studied. To that end the urinary excretion rates of albumin and Tamm-Horsfall protein as well as HbA1c levels were measured in 58 patients with different degrees of diabetic nephropathy and in 76 apparently healthy subjects matched for sex and age. The urinary Tamm-Horsfall protein levels were measured by a simplified enzyme linked immunoassay. The intra- and interassay variations were 8.9% and 13.6%, respectively. The intraindividual variation was 41% and the sensitivity of the assay was 4 micrograms/l. The Tamm-Horsfall protein excretion rate was 42.1 x/2.0 micrograms/min (geometric mean x/tolerance factor) in the diabetic patients compared to 34 x/1.9 micrograms/min in the control subjects (NS). The diabetic patients had higher albumin excretion rate (38.5 x/7.3 micrograms/min) than the control subjects (4.7 x/2.3 micrograms/min; P less than 0.001). By using multivariate analysis of variance, HbA1c level was found to be the only independent variable associated with Tamm-Horsfall protein excretion rate in diabetic patients (r = -0.28; P = 0.04), while no relationship was found between Tamm-Horsfall protein excretion rate and age, age at onset and duration of diabetes, gender, serum creatinine, diuresis, urinary albumin excretion rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and antihypertensive treatment. The urinary albumin excretion rate was associated with diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.34; P = 0.02) but not with HbA1c levels when testing the above variables by multivariate analysis of variance. In conclusion, these results may indicate a lack of relationship between glomerular and tubular dysfunction. The former was influenced only by diastolic blood pressure levels and the latter only by the degree of metabolic control. However, the correlations were weak and do not provide any insight into what is actually responsible for glomerular and tubular dysfunction.
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| 9. |
- Bergenfelz, A, et al.
(author)
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Immunoheterogeneity of parathyroid hormone after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism
- 1994
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981. ; 231:2, s. 45-139
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) immunoheterogeneity is altered in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). It is not known, however, whether the relative secretion of various PTH fragments differs between the adenomatous and the non-adenomatous glands in pHPT. We therefore examined the immunoheterogeneity of PTH in patients operated upon because of parathyroid adenoma pre- and 4 days postoperatively during an EDTA-infusion test. Following surgery, baseline levels of amino-terminal PTH (N-PTH) were reduced by a smaller degree than the levels of intact PTH (i-PTH) (P < 0.05) resulting in a higher N/i ratio postoperatively (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the increase in i-PTH and C-PTH fragments during the EDTA infusion test was lower postoperatively than preoperatively (P < 0.05), whereas the increase in N-PTH did not differ. The results therefore suggest that compared with the parathyroid adenoma, the non-adenomatous glands secrete relatively more N-terminal PTH.
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| 10. |
- Hultberg, Björn, et al.
(author)
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The association between plasma beta-hexosaminidase and its isoenzyme patterns and retinopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus
- 1991
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981. ; 196:2-3, s. 177-183
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- beta-Hexosaminidase and its isoenzyme patterns were investigated in plasma from patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The patients were divided into three main groups matched for duration of diabetes: (a) proliferative retinopathy (b), progress of retinopathy within a two-year period (c) and with no background retinopathy. When all patients were compared to a reference group, a significant increase of plasma beta-hexosaminidase activity was found. Patients with proliferative retinopathy had significantly increased activity of plasma beta-hexosaminidase compared to the reference group but not compared to the other diabetic patients. The isoenzyme distribution was not different in any of the diabetic subgroups compared to the reference group. It was also shown that various degrees of diabetic nephropathy did not influence total plasma Hex or the isoenzyme pattern.
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