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- Bodelsson, Gunilla, et al.
(author)
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Effects of propofol on substance P-induced relaxation in isolated human omental arteries and veins
- 2000
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In: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - 1365-2346. ; 17:12, s. 720-728
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To elucidate if an effect of propofol on endothelium-dependent relaxation could contribute to propofol-induced vasodilation, smooth muscle relaxation of isolated human omental artery and vein segments precontracted by endothelin-1 were measured. Substance P induced a concentration-dependent relaxation (mean +/- SEM) in both artery (63 +/-8.4% of precontraction, n = 9) and vein (60+/-11%, n = 7). The relaxation was enhanced by 10(-6) M propofol (artery, 72+/-9.5%, n = 9; vein, 81+/-12%, n = 7) but not affected by 10(-7), 10(-5) and 10(-4) M propofol. In the presence of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), 10(-6) M propofol still enhanced the substance P-induced relaxation in arteries but not veins, whereas 10(-4) M propofol inhibited the relaxation in both arteries (rightward shift of the concentration-response curve) and veins (28+/-7.5%, n = 8). In the presence of potassium chloride (to prevent hyperpolarization), the enhancement of substance P-induced relaxation by 10(-6) M propofol was abolished in both arteries and veins whereas 10(-5) and 10(-4) M propofol reduced the relaxation in arteries (38+/-13% at 10(-5) M, n = 6; 30+/-11% at 10(-4) M, n = 6) but not in veins. These results demonstrate that propofol, at lower, clinically relevant concentrations, promotes endothelium-dependent relaxation mediated via hyperpolarization in human omental arteries and via both nitric oxide and hyperpolarization in human omental veins.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Low-flow anaesthesia with desflurane: kinetics during clinical procedures
- 2001
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In: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - 1365-2346. ; 18:8, s. 499-504
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Low-flow anaesthesia is economical and less polluting. The purpose of this study was to determine the inspired and end-tidal desflurane concentrations during anaesthesia with a vaporizer setting maintained at 5%, during low-flow anaesthesia after 120 min with fresh gas inflows of 1.0 and 2.0 L min-1. METHODS: The study was both prospective and randomized, including 56 patients (28 patients in each group) scheduled for elective surgery of an expected anaesthesia time of at least 120 min. Inspired and end-tidal concentrations of desflurane were measured during low-flow anaesthesia with fresh gas inflows of 1.0 and 2.0 L min-1. The vaporizer setting was fixed at 5% desflurane. RESULTS: The inspired and end-tidal concentrations of desflurane in the 1.0 L min-1 group after 120 min were 4.54% vs. 4.37% (P < 0.001). In the 2.0 L min-1 group, the inspired and end-tidal concentrations of desflurane were 4.76% vs. 4.58% (P < 0.001). The estimated end-tidal/inspired ratios at 120 min of anaesthesia were 0.96 in both groups. At a fresh gas flow of 1.0 L min-1, the end-tidal concentration was 0.87 of the vaporizer setting. Increasing the fresh gas flow to 2.0 L min-1 increased the end-tidal value by 0.05. CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference between the inspired and end-tidal concentrations of desflurane when fresh gas inflows were 1.0 and 2.0 L min-1, but not for the ratio of inspired/end-tidal.
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| 3. |
- Abildgaard, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Limited effectiveness of intraoperative autotransfusion in major back surgery
- 2001
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In: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 18:12, s. 823-828
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and objective: The efficiency of intraoperative autotransfusion in scoliosis surgery is poorly known but needs to be evaluated, not least because of the large blood losses in these patients. This is a retrospective analysis of transfusion requirements of 43 such patients. Methods: Records from 43 patients were studied. During surgery, the shed blood was salvaged and washed in an autotransfusion device (AT1000 Auto-transfusion Unit«) and a suspension of red cells was reinfused. Results: Fifty-eight per cent of the intraoperative blood loss was salvaged. The total blood loss during the patients' hospital stay was calculated from the haemoglobin balance, 24% of this loss was salvaged by the device. Moreover, 36 of the patients needed allogeneic blood transfusion. Conclusion: The efficiency of the autotransfusion device was relatively low in relation to the total extravasation, mainly because the postoperative blood loss is substantial.
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