| 1. |
- Peden, John F., et al.
(author)
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A genome-wide association study in Europeans and South Asians identifies five new loci for coronary artery disease
- 2011
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 43:4, s. 339-344
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies have identified 11 common variants convincingly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD)(1-7), a modest number considering the apparent heritability of CAD(8). All of these variants have been discovered in European populations. We report a meta-analysis of four large genome-wide association studies of CAD, with similar to 575,000 genotyped SNPs in a discovery dataset comprising 15,420 individuals with CAD (cases) (8,424 Europeans and 6,996 South Asians) and 15,062 controls. There was little evidence for ancestry-specific associations, supporting the use of combined analyses. Replication in an independent sample of 21,408 cases and 19,185 controls identified five loci newly associated with CAD (P < 5 x 10(-8) in the combined discovery and replication analysis): LIPA on 10q23, PDGFD on 11q22, ADAMTS7-MORF4L1 on 15q25, a gene rich locus on 7q22 and KIAA1462 on 10p11. The CAD-associated SNP in the PDGFD locus showed tissue-specific cis expression quantitative trait locus effects. These findings implicate new pathways for CAD susceptibility.
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| 2. |
- Anselm, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Bannlys alla politiska beslut som ger mer klimatutsläpp
- 2014
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In: Dagens Nyheter.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Torftig valdebatt. Dagspolitiken klarar inte att hantera ödesfrågan om klimatet, vilket oroar oss. Vi föreslår därför ett ”utsläppsmoratorium”: inga beslut får tas som ökar utsläppen av växthusgaser. Principen måste kopplas till mål om exempelvis förnybar energi och grön infrastruktur, skriver 23 forskare och debattörer.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bogdan, Cristian, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of robot body movements supporting communication : Towards HRI on the move
- 2011
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In: New Frontiers in Human–Robot Interaction. - Philadelphia : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 9789027204554 ; , s. 185-210
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In designing socially interactive robots we have focused on robot movement and its role in multi-modal human-robot communication. In this chapter we describe design and evaluation of robot body movements supporting communication, investigating the idea of using speed and orientation adjustments as design elements in human-robot interaction. The scenario studied includes a robotic shopping trolley that offers products via speech and GUI to the user while both are moving in a supermarket-like environment. Our results show that if the robot slows down while making such offers, users are more prone to react upon them and to take the product. However, even from our early pre-study with mock-up robots we observed that users tended not to mention the robot’s slow-down movements, even if these movements were shown several times to them during a video-based debriefing. This phenomenon, that users react implicitly on the robot’s movements without being consciously aware of them, was confirmed during an experimental study with a fully integrated robot prototype. We discuss our results by reflecting on human-robot interaction design methods, and we draw implications from the lessons learned in the study of the design of robot behaviours. In particular, we list a whole set of challenges for HRI when both the user and the robot are moving.
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| 5. |
- Bogdan, Cristian, et al.
(author)
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Towards HRI on the Move with Mixed Initiative
- 2010
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In: Proceeding of New Frontiers in Human-Robot Interaction Symposium of the Convention Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour (AISB) 2010. ; , s. 22-26
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
- Brown, William R A, et al.
(author)
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A Geographically Diverse Collection of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Isolates Shows Limited Phenotypic Variation but Extensive Karyotypic Diversity.
- 2011
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In: G3 (Bethesda, Md.). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2160-1836. ; 1:7, s. 615-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has been widely used to study eukaryotic cell biology, but almost all of this work has used derivatives of a single strain. We have studied 81 independent natural isolates and 3 designated laboratory strains of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Schizosaccharomyces pombe varies significantly in size but shows only limited variation in proliferation in different environments compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleotide diversity, π, at a near neutral site, the central core of the centromere of chromosome II is approximately 0.7%. Approximately 20% of the isolates showed karyotypic rearrangements as detected by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and filter hybridization analysis. One translocation, found in 6 different isolates, including the type strain, has a geographically widespread distribution and a unique haplotype and may be a marker of an incipient speciation event. All of the other translocations are unique. Exploitation of this karyotypic diversity may cast new light on both the biology of telomeres and centromeres and on isolating mechanisms in single-celled eukaryotes.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Green, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Incidence of Cancer and Mortality in Patients from the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis (SEAS) Trial.
- 2014
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In: American Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1913 .- 0002-9149. ; 114:10, s. 1518-1522
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis (SEAS) clinical trial, including 1,873 patients found an increased risk for cancer with lipid-lowering therapy with ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/40 mg/day, relative to placebo. In a registry-based follow-up study over 21 months from the conclusion of the SEAS trial, new incident cancer and total mortality were investigated in the SEAS study cohort from Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Among 1,359 subjects eligible for follow-up (73% of the original total cohort), 1,194 had no history of cancer (primary follow-up cohort). New cancers and deaths were identified in the national cancer and mortality registries and classified by an Expert Review Committee. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional-hazards models of new cancers and mortality during follow-up according to treatment group assigned in the SEAS base study and with age, gender, smoking history, and previous cancers as covariates. The primary follow-up cohort had 12 patients with new cancers in the ezetimibe/simvastatin group and 22 in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.27 to 1.11), indicating no significant difference between the treatment groups. During follow-up, 43 patients assigned to ezetimibe/simvastatin and 33 assigned to placebo died (hazard ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 0.82 to 2.03). In conclusion, in this registry-based observational follow-up study of the original SEAS study patient population, treatment with ezetimibe/simvastatin was not associated with an increased risk for cancer or mortality in the 21-month period after the completion of the original SEAS study.
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| 9. |
- Green, Jenny, 1980-
(author)
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Elevers användande av formativ återkoppling i matematik
- 2014
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Students are often not satisfied with the feedback they receive, and do not always use it. Providing feedback on student learning has been shown to have a positive effect on learning, and is a key strategy in formative assessment. Students need to know (1) the goal, (2) their current level, and (3) the gap between these two, in order to advance towards the goal. In addition to receiving information about (1)-(3) above, students also need to actively engage with the feedback. In order to facilitate students’ use of the feedback given, a sample of upper-secondary mathematics students in this study received formative feedback (i.e. non-evaluative, supportive, timely and specific). The purpose of this research was to examine how students experienced this formative feedback, how they used it, and how experience, usage and goal orientation interacted.Data collection was done in the following steps. First, an intervention test with two calculation problems was given to the students. The answers were then handed in and processed based on theories of formative assessment and feedback. The students were given the formative feedback and, in order to capture their first impressions, they were asked how they perceived it. The next step was the regular teacher’s test – to give the students an opportunity to use the feedback. Finally, in-depth interviews were conducted in order to study students’ experiences of the formative feedback.An attempt was made to find factors explaining why the students use, or don’t use, their feedback. The students experienced the feedback in different ways, most notably finding the feedback useful, confusing or frightening. Some of these experiences indicate a view that assessment focuses on whether or not a mathematics question is answered correctly. Consequently, they view feedback as an extracurricular activity rather than as a learning situation. Some students seem to be able to overcome the contextual barriers and some do not even experience any barriers at all. The results suggest that it is essential to integrate feedback in the day-to-day instruction in order to increase the likelihood that all the students will derive benefit from it.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Green, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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Formative mathematics assessment in upper secondary school
- 2014
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In: Proceedings of the 38<sup> th</sup> Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education in Vancouver, Canada 2014. ; , s. 312-312
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 12. |
- Hüttenrauch, Helge, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of Robot Body Movements Supporting Communication
- 2010
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In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on New Frontiers in Human-Robot Interaction - A Symposium at the AISB 2010 Convention. - 9781902956879 - 1902956877 ; , s. 42-49
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In designing socially interactive robotswe have focused on robot movement and its role in multi-modal human-robot communication. In this paper we describe a user-centred design and evaluation process, investigating the idea of using speed and orientation adjustments as design elements in human-robot interaction. The scenario studied includes a robotic shopping trolley that offers products to the user while both are moving in a supermarket-like environment. Our results show that if the robot slows down while making such offers, users are more prone to react upon them. However, in an early pre-study, performed only with a robot mock-up, we observed that users tended not to notice the robot's slow-down movements while offers are made, even if these movements were shown several times to them during a video-based debriefing. This phenomenon, that users react implicitly on the robot'smovements without being consciously aware of them, was confirmed during an experimental study with a fully integrated robot prototype.We discuss our results by reflecting on human-robot interaction design methods, and we propose implications from the lessons learnt in the study of the design of robot behaviours.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(author)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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In: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 15. |
- Kongstad, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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Improved air trapping evaluation in chest computed tomography in children with cystic fibrosis using real-time spirometric monitoring and biofeedback.
- 2013
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In: Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5010. ; 12:6, s. 559-566
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The quality of chest Computed Tomography (CT) images in children is dependent upon a sufficient breath hold during CT scanning. This study evaluates the influence of spirometric breath hold monitoring with biofeedback software on inspiratory and expiratory chest CT lung density measures, and on trapped air (TA) scoring in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). This is important because TA is an important component of early and progressive CF lung disease.
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| 16. |
- Lebwohl, Benjamin, et al.
(author)
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Isotretinoin Use and Celiac Disease : A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
- 2014
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In: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. - : Springer. - 1175-0561 .- 1179-1888. ; 15:6, s. 537-542
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and aim: Isotretinoin, a vitamin A analogue, can promote a pro-inflammatory milieu in the small intestine in response to dietary antigens. We hypothesized that oral isotretinoin exposure would increase the risk of celiac disease (CD).Methods: We contacted all 28 pathology departments in Sweden, and through biopsy reports identified 26,739 individuals with CD. We then compared the prevalence of ever using oral isotretinoin to the prevalence in 134,277 matched controls through conditional logistic regression. Data on isotretinoin exposure were obtained from the national Swedish Prescribed Drug Registry. As the only indication for isotretinoin use in Sweden is acne, we also examined its relationship to CD. Data on acne were obtained from the Swedish Patient Registry.Results: Ninety-three individuals with CD (0.35 %) and 378 matched controls (0.28 %) had a prescription of isotretinoin. This corresponded to an odds ratio (OR) of 1.22 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.54]. Risk estimates were similar in men and women, and when we restricted our data to individuals diagnosed after the start of the Prescribed Drug Registry. Restricting our analyses to individuals diagnosed aged 12-45 years did not influence the risk estimates (OR 1.38, 95 % CI 0.97-1.97). Meanwhile, having a diagnosis of acne was positively associated with CD (OR 1.34, 95 % CI 1.20-1.51).Conclusions: This study found no association between isotretinoin use and CD, but a small excess risk of CD in patients with a diagnosis of acne.
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| 17. |
- Lebwohl, Benjamin, et al.
(author)
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Mucosal Healing and Risk for Lymphoproliferative Malignancy in Celiac Disease A Population-Based Cohort Study
- 2013
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In: Annals of Internal Medicine. - Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. Orebro Univ Hosp, SE-70185 Orebro, Sweden. : American College of Physicians. - 0003-4819 .- 1539-3704. ; 159:3, s. 169-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Celiac disease (CD) is associated with an increased risk for lymphoproliferative malignancy (LPM). Whether this risk is affected by the results of follow-up intestinal biopsy, performed to document mucosal healing, is unknown. Objective: To examine the association between mucosal healing in CD and subsequent LPM. Design: Population-based cohort study. Setting: 28 pathology departments in Sweden. Patients: 7625 patients with CD who had follow-up biopsy after initial diagnosis. Measurements: The risk for LPM was compared with that of the general population by using expected rates. The rate of LPM in patients with persistent villous atrophy was compared with that of those with mucosal healing by using Cox regression. Results: Among 7625 patients with CD and follow-up biopsy, 3308 (43%) had persistent villous atrophy. The overall risk for LPM was higher than that in the general population (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 2.81 [95% CI, 2.10 to 3.67]) and was greater among patients with persistent villous atrophy (SIR, 3.78 [CI, 2.71 to 5.12]) than among those with mucosal healing (SIR, 1.50 [CI, 0.77 to 2.62]). Persistent villous atrophy compared with mucosal healing was associated with an increased risk for LPM (hazard ratio [HR], 2.26 [CI, 1.18 to 4.34]). The risk for T-cell lymphoma was increased (HR, 3.51 [CI, 0.75 to 16.34]) but not for B-cell lymphoma (HR, 0.97 [CI, 0.21 to 4.49]). Limitation: No data on dietary adherence. Conclusion: Increased risk for LPM in CD is associated with the follow-up biopsy results, with a higher risk among patients with persistent villous atrophy. Follow-up biopsy may effectively stratify patients with CD by risk for subsequent LPM.
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| 18. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., et al.
(author)
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Does celiac disease influence survival in lymphoproliferative malignancy?
- 2013
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In: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 28:6, s. 475-483
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Celiac disease (CD) is associated with both lymphoproliferative malignancy (LPM) and increased death from LPM. Research suggests that co-existing autoimmune disease may influence survival in LPM. Through Cox regression we examined overall and cause-specific mortality in 316 individuals with CD+LPM versus 689 individuals with LPM only. CD was defined as having villous atrophy according to biopsy reports at any of Sweden's 28 pathology departments, and LPM as having a relevant disease code in the Swedish Cancer Register. During follow-up, there were 551 deaths (CD: n = 200; non-CD: n = 351). Individuals with CD+LPM were at an increased risk of death compared with LPM-only individuals [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.23; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.48]. However, this excess risk was only seen in the first year after LPM diagnosis (aHR = 1.76), with HRs decreasing to 1.09 in years 2-5 after LPM diagnosis and to 0.90 thereafter. Individuals with CD and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were at a higher risk of any death as compared with NHL-only individuals (aHR = 1.23; 95 % CI = 0.97-1.56). This excess risk was due to a higher proportion of T cell lymphoma in CD patients. Stratifying for T- and B cell status, the HR for death in individuals with CD+NHL was 0.77 (95 % CI = 0.46-1.31). In conclusion, we found no evidence that co-existing CD influences survival in individuals with LPM. The increased mortality in the first year after LPM diagnosis is related to the predominance of T-NHL in CD individuals. Individuals with CD+LPM should be informed that their prognosis is similar to that of individuals with LPM only. However, this study had low statistical power to rule our excess mortality in patients with CD and certain LPM subtypes.
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| 19. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Celiac Disease : A Population-Based Cohort Study
- 2012
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In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 97:3, s. 897-904
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: Celiac disease (CD) has been linked to several endocrine disorders, including type 1 diabetes and thyroid disorders, but little is known regarding its association to primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the risk of PHPT in patients with CD.Design and Setting: We conducted a two-group exposure-matched nonconcurrent cohort study in Sweden. A Cox regression model estimated hazard ratios (HR) for PHPT.Participants: We identified 17,121 adult patients with CD who were diagnosed through biopsy reports (Marsh 3, villous atrophy) from all 28 pathology departments in Sweden. Biopsies were performed in 1969-2008, and biopsy report data were collected in 2006-2008. Statistics Sweden then identified 85,166 reference individuals matched with the CD patients for age, sex, calendar period, and county.Main Outcome Measure: PHPT was measured according to the Swedish national registers on inpatient care, outpatient care, day surgery, and cancer.Results: During follow-up, 68 patients with CD and 172 reference individuals developed PHPT(HR = 1.91; 95% confidence interval = 1.44-2.52). The absolute risk of PHPT was 42/100,000 person-years with an excess risk of 20/100,000 person-years. The risk increase for PHPT only occurred in the first 5 yr of follow-up; after that, HR were close to 1 (HR = 1.07; 95% confidence interval = 0.70-1.66).Conclusions: CD patients are at increased risk of PHPT, but the absolute risk is small, and the excess risk disappeared after more than 5 yr of follow-up. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: 897-904, 2012)
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| 20. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., et al.
(author)
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Risk of lymphoproliferative malignancy in celiac patients with a family history of lymphoproliferative malignancy
- 2013
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In: Journal of gastroenterology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0944-1174 .- 1435-5922. ; 48:12, s. 1324-1331
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Individuals with celiac disease (CD) are at increased risk of lymphoproliferative malignancy (LPM). We examined if a family history of LPM or any cancer influenced the risk of LPM in individuals with CD. We identified 28,996 individuals with biopsy-verified CD (equal to villous atrophy, Marsh histopathology stage 3), of whom 616 had family history of LPM. Cox regression then estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for LPM in these 616 compared with two control groups. We also examined the risk of LPM in CD individuals with a family history of any cancer (n = 8,439). During follow-up, 2/616 CD individuals with a family history of LPM, and 235/28,380 CD individuals without a family history of LPM developed LPM themselves. CD individuals with a family history of LPM were not at increased risk of LPM compared to general population controls (HR = 1.18; 95 % CI = 0.27-5.10), or compared to CD individuals without a family history of LPM (adjusted HR = 0.31; 95 % CI = 0.08-1.23). We found no increased risk of LPM in CD individuals with a family history of any cancer. This study found no evidence that a family history of LPM or any cancer increases the risk of future LPM in individuals with CD. Despite the large number of study participants, this study is nevertheless limited by few positive events due to a low absolute risk of LPM even in individuals with CD.
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| 21. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., et al.
(author)
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Risk of Thyroid Cancer in a Nationwide Cohort of Patients with Biopsy-Verified Celiac Disease
- 2013
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In: Thyroid. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1050-7256 .- 1557-9077. ; 23:8, s. 971-976
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In earlier studies based on selected populations, the relative risk for thyroid cancer in celiac disease has varied between 0.6 and 22.5. We aimed to test this relationship in a population-based setting. Methods: We collected small intestinal biopsy report data performed in 1969-2008 from all 28 Swedish pathology departments. 29,074 individuals with celiac disease (villous atrophy; Marsh histopathology stage III) were matched for sex, age, calendar year, and county to 144,440 reference individuals from the Swedish general population. Through Cox regression, we then estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for any thyroid cancer and papillary thyroid cancer (defined according to relevant pathology codes in the Swedish Cancer Register) in patients with celiac disease. Results: During follow-up, any thyroid cancer developed in seven patients with celiac disease (expected = 12) and papillary thyroid cancer developed in five patients (expected = 7). Celiac disease was not associated with an increased risk of any thyroid cancer (HR 0.6 [CI 0.3-1.3]) or of papillary thyroid cancer (HR 0.7 [CI 0.3-1.8]). All cases of thyroid cancer in celiac disease occurred in female patients. Risk estimates were similar before and after the year 2000 and independent of age at celiac diagnosis (<= 24 years vs. >= 25 years). Conclusions: We conclude that, in the Swedish population, there is no increased risk of thyroid cancer in patients with celiac disease. This differs from what has been reported in smaller studies in Italy and the United States.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Palmer, Nicholette D, et al.
(author)
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A genome-wide association search for type 2 diabetes genes in African Americans.
- 2012
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In: PloS one. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:1, s. e29202-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) yet few studies have examined T2DM using genome-wide association approaches in this ethnicity. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with T2DM in the African American population. We performed a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix 6.0 array in 965 African-American cases with T2DM and end-stage renal disease (T2DM-ESRD) and 1029 population-based controls. The most significant SNPs (n = 550 independent loci) were genotyped in a replication cohort and 122 SNPs (n = 98 independent loci) were further tested through genotyping three additional validation cohorts followed by meta-analysis in all five cohorts totaling 3,132 cases and 3,317 controls. Twelve SNPs had evidence of association in the GWAS (P<0.0071), were directionally consistent in the Replication cohort and were associated with T2DM in subjects without nephropathy (P<0.05). Meta-analysis in all cases and controls revealed a single SNP reaching genome-wide significance (P<2.5×10(-8)). SNP rs7560163 (P = 7.0×10(-9), OR (95% CI) = 0.75 (0.67-0.84)) is located intergenically between RND3 and RBM43. Four additional loci (rs7542900, rs4659485, rs2722769 and rs7107217) were associated with T2DM (P<0.05) and reached more nominal levels of significance (P<2.5×10(-5)) in the overall analysis and may represent novel loci that contribute to T2DM. We have identified novel T2DM-susceptibility variants in the African-American population. Notably, T2DM risk was associated with the major allele and implies an interesting genetic architecture in this population. These results suggest that multiple loci underlie T2DM susceptibility in the African-American population and that these loci are distinct from those identified in other ethnic populations.
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| 24. |
- Podgorski, Joel E., et al.
(author)
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Processing and inversion of commercial helicopter time-domain electromagnetic data for environmental assessments and geologic and hydrologic mapping
- 2013
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In: Geophysics. - 0016-8033 .- 1942-2156. ; 78:4, s. E149-E159
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Helicopter time-domain electromagnetic (HTEM) surveying has historically been used for mineral exploration, but over the past decade it has started to be used in environmental assessments and geologic and hydrologic mapping. Such surveying is a cost-effective means of rapidly acquiring densely spaced data over large regions. At the same time, the quality of HTEM data can suffer from various inaccuracies. We developed an effective strategy for processing and inverting a commercial HTEM data set affected by uncertainties and systematic errors. The delivered data included early time gates contaminated by transmitter currents, noise in late time gates, and amplitude shifts between adjacent flights that appeared as artificial lineations in maps of the data and horizontal slices extracted from inversion models. Multiple processing steps were required to address these issues. Contaminated early time gates and noisy late time gates were semiautomatically identified and eliminated on a record-by-record basis. Timing errors between the transmitter and receiver electronics and inaccuracies in absolute amplitudes were corrected after calibrating selected HTEM data against data simulated from accurate ground-based TEM measurements. After editing and calibration, application of a quasi-3D spatially constrained inversion scheme significantly reduced the artificial lineations. Residual lineations were effectively eliminated after incorporating the transmitter and receiver altitudes and line-to-line amplitude factors in the inversion process. The final inverted model was very different from that generated from the original data provided by the contractor. For example, the average resistivity of the thick surface layer decreased from similar to 1800 to similar to 30 Omega m, the depths to the layer boundaries were reduced by 15%-23%, and the artificial lineations were practically eliminated. Our processing and inversion strategy is entirely general, such that with minor system-specific modifications it could be applied to any HTEM data set, including those recorded many years ago.
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| 25. |
- Rydell, Jens, et al.
(author)
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Bat mortality at wind turbines in northwestern Europe
- 2010
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In: Acta Chiropterologica. - 1508-1109. ; 12:2, s. 261-274
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We reviewed published and unpublished written reports on bat mortality at wind farms in northwestern Europe. The estimated number of bats killed per turbine annually was relatively low (0-3) on flat, open farmland away from the coast, higher (2-5) in more complex agricultural landscapes, and highest (5-20) at the coast and on forested hills and ridges. The species killed almost exclusively (98%) belonged to a group (Nyctalus, Pipistrellus, Vespertilio and Eptesicus spp.) adapted for open-air foraging. The bats were killed by the moving rotor blades as they hunted insects attracted to the turbines. This occurred independently of sex and age. Peak mortality varied considerably in frequency and timing among years, but the events usually (90%) occurred on nights with low wind speeds in late July to early October and to a lesser extent (10%) also in April-June. The mortality increased with turbine tower height and rotor diameter but was independent of the distance from the ground to the lowest rotor point. It was also independent of the size of the wind park (1-18 turbines). Bat species other than the open-air suite referred to above are usually not at risk at wind turbines, because they fly below the rotors, but are still killed occasionally (2%).
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