| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bräutigam, Marcus, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Development of Swedish winter oat with gene technology and molecular breeding
- 2006
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In: J. Seed Science. - 0039-6990. ; 116:1-2, s. 12-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Sweden, oat (Avena sativa) is only grown as a spring crop. A Swedish winter oat, on the other hand, would give increased yields and would secure oat in Swedish agriculture. During three consecutive winters we performed field trials with oat aiming at identifying potential winter material. More than 300 varieties, originating from breeding programs all over the world, were tested. Plants were rated according to winter survival, vigour and general performance during the following growth season and more than 20 lines were identified that were cold hardier than present commercial oat varieties. In parallel experiments a cDNA library was constructed from cold induced English winter oat (Gerald) and ca 10000 EST sequences were generated. After data mining a UniGene set of 2800 oat genes was obtained. By detailed analysis of microarray data from cold stressed Arabidopsis and by advanced bioinformatics, gene interactions in the complex cold induced signal transduction pathway were deduced. By comparison to the oat UniGene set, several genes potentially involved in the regulation of cold hardiness in oat were identified. An Agrobacterium mediated transformation protocol was developed for one oat genotype. Key regulatory genes in cold acclimation will be introduced to oat by genetic transformation or modified by TILLING. Such genes will be used as molecular markers in intogression of winter hardiness to commercial oat.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Annual screening detects celiac disease in children with type 1 diabetes
- 2008
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In: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 9:4, s. 354-359
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in a cohort of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children and adolescents at the time of clinical diagnosis and to evaluate the screening procedure and possible role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ during a 5-yr follow-up. Research design and methods: The study group was a cohort of 300 newly diagnosed T1DM children and youths younger than 20 yr followed for 5 yr at six clinical centers for pediatric diabetes in the region Skane in Sweden. Immunoglobulin A endomysium antibodies were used to screen the patients annually to be considered for an intestinal biopsy. All patients were analyzed for HLA-DQA1-B1 genotypes. Results: While 0.7% (2/300) already had a diagnosed symptomatic CD, an additional 3% (10/300) had silent CD at the diagnosis of T1DM. During follow-up, another 6% (17/300) developed CD as follows: 10 after 1 yr, 5 after 2 yr, 1 after 3 yr, and 1 after 5 yr. Therefore, the cumulative frequency of CD confirmed by intestinal biopsies was 10% (29/300). HLA genotypes among T1DM patients developing CD were not different from those among patients with T1DM alone. Conclusions: Our study confirmed the low prevalence (0.7%) of diagnosed symptomatic CD at the time of clinical diagnosis but document by screening an increasing prevalence of silent CD during a 5-yr follow-up to reach an overall prevalence of 10%. We suggest that children with T1DM should be screened for CD at the onset of T1DM and annually for a minimum of at least 2 yr. HLA genotypes among T1DM patients developing CD were not different from those among patients with T1DM alone.
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| 4. |
- Ödmark, Inga-Stina, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Endometrial safety and bleeding pattern during a five-year treatment with long-cycle hormone therapy
- 2005
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In: Menopause. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1072-3714 .- 1530-0374. ; 12:6, s. 699-707
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To determine compliance, the incidence of untoward effects, and endometrial safety in postmenopausal women treated with 3-month sequential hormone therapy for up to 5 years. Design: A prospective, uncontrolled multicenter study of 129 women treated with 0.625 mg conjugated estrogens daily plus 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate for 14 days every third month. Endometrial biopsy samples were taken before the initiation of the study and then yearly during the next 5 years. Bleeding patterns were recorded. Results: Upon completion of the first 12 months of treatment, 76 of 126 biopsied women (60%) had secretory endometrium. After 5 years, this finding was reversed in biopsy specimens completed by 59 women, among whom 32 (56%) had insufficient or atrophic endometrium.We did not find any hyperplasia when the biopsy specimen was taken according to the protocol. One endometrial cancer was found by biopsy after 12 months, but the subsequent hysterectomy showed no sign of cancer. Ultrasound determinations of mean endometrial thickness during therapy showed a thin endometrium (mean = 4 mm, range = 1-13 mm). Amenorrhea was reported by 6.2% of 129 women after 12 months of treatment. Among the 59 women who completed the study, 71.2% had regular bleeding patterns every third month, 25.4% reported amenorrhea, and 3.4% had irregular bleeding patterns. Conclusions: The addition of 10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate for 14 days every third month to treatment with 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogens daily was well tolerated, and was associated with high endometrial safety.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ahlqvist-Rastad, Jane, et al.
(author)
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Erythropoietin therapy and cancer related anaemia : updated Swedish recommendations
- 2007
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In: Medical Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1357-0560 .- 1559-131X. ; 24:3, s. 267-272
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Due to concerns related to treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) and possible negative effects on tumour control, a workshop was organised by the Medical Products Agency of Sweden with the aim to revise national treatment guidelines if needed. In patients with solid tumours, conflicting results have been reported with respect to tumour control and survival. Until further notice it is therefore recommended that EPO should be used restrictively in the treatment of patients with cancer and that the anticipated improvement in quality of life should be evaluated against potential risks.
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| 7. |
- Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Dose-dependent effect of growth hormone on final height in children with short stature without growth hormone deficiency
- 2008
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In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 93:11, s. 4342-4350
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- CONTEXT: The effect of GH therapy in short non-GH-deficient children, especially those with idiopathic short stature (ISS), has not been clearly established owing to the lack of controlled trials continuing until final height (FH).OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on growth to FH of two GH doses given to short children, mainly with ISS, compared with untreated controls.DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, long-term multicenter trial was conducted in Sweden.INTERVENTION: Two doses of GH (Genotropin) were administered, 33 or 67 microg/kg.d; control subjects were untreated.SUBJECTS: A total of 177 subjects with short stature were enrolled. Of these, 151 were included in the intent to treat (AllITT) population, and 108 in the per protocol (AllPP) population. Analysis of ISS subjects included 126 children in the ITT (ISSITT) population and 68 subjects in the PP (ISSPP) population.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured FH sd score (SDS), difference in SDS to midparenteral height (diff MPHSDS), and gain in heightSDS.RESULTS: After 5.9+/-1.1 yr on GH therapy, the FHSDS in the AllPP population treated with GH vs. controls was -1.5+/-0.81 (33 microg/kg.d, -1.7+/-0.70; and 67 microg/kg.d, -1.4+/-0.86; P<0.032), vs. -2.4+/-0.85 (P<0.001); the diff MPHSDS was -0.2+/-1.0 vs. -1.0+/-0.74 (P<0.001); and the gain in heightSDS was 1.3+/-0.78 vs. 0.2+/-0.69 (P<0.001). GH therapy was safe and had no impact on time to onset of puberty. A dose-response relationship identified after 1 yr remained to FH for all growth outcome variables in all four populations.CONCLUSION: GH treatment significantly increased FH in ISS children in a dose-dependent manner, with a mean gain of 1.3 SDS (8 cm) and a broad range of response from no gain to 3 SDS compared to a mean gain of 0.2 SDS in the untreated controls.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Alriksson, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Ammonium hydroxide detoxification of spruce acid hydrolysates
- 2005
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In: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. - 0273-2289 .- 1559-0291. ; 121, s. 911-922
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When dilute-acid hydrolysates from spruce are fermented to produce ethanol, detoxification is required to make the hydrolysates fermentable at reasonable rates. Treatment with alkali, usually by overliming, is one of the most efficient approaches. Several nutrients, such as ammonium and phosphate, are added to the hydrolysates prior to fermentation. We investigated the use of NH4OH for simultaneous detoxification and addition of nitrogen source. Treatment with N-H4OH compared favorably with Ca(OH)(2), Mg(OH)(2), Ba(OH)(2), and NaOH to improve fermentability using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Analysis of monosaccharides, furan aldehydes, phenols, and aliphatic acids was performed after the different treatments. The NH4OH treatments, performed at pH 10.0, resulted in a substantial decrease in the concentrations of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural. Under the conditions studied, NH4OH treatments gave better results than Ca(OH)(2) treatments. The addition of an extra nitrogen source in the form of NH4Cl at pH 5.5 did not result in any improvement in fermentability that was comparable to NH4OH treatments at alkaline conditions. The addition of CaCl2 or NH4Cl at pH 5.5 after treatment with NH4OH or Ca(OH)(2) resulted in poorer fermentability, and the negative effects were attributed to salt stress. The results strongly suggest that the highly positive effects of NH4OH treatments are owing to chemical conversions rather than stimulation of the yeast cells by ammonium ions during the fermentation.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Average-Case Performance of Static-Priority Scheduling on Multiprocessors
- 2006
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In: ARTES - A Network for Real-Time Research and Graduate Education in Sweden. - 9150618598 ; , s. 513-535
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This chapter deals with the problem of scheduling a set oftasks to meet deadlines on a computer with multiple processors. Static-priority scheduling is considered,that is, a task is assigned a priority number that never changes and at every moment the highest-priority tasks that request to be executed are selected for execution.Many contemporary computers support static-priority scheduling using two different approaches: with task migration or without task migration. This chapter evaluates the performance of these approaches, using simulation of randomly-generated workloads on a range of different highly-abstracted architectural setups.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Static-Priority Scheduling on Multiprocessors
- 2006
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In: ARTES - A Network for Real-Time Research and Graduate Education in Sweden. - 9150618598 ; , s. 589-659
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This chapter deals with the problem of scheduling a set oftasks to meet deadlines on a computer with multiple processors. Static-priority scheduling is considered,that is, a task is assigned a priority number that never changes and at every moment the highest-priority tasks that request to be executed are selected for execution.The performance metric used is the capacity that taskscan request without missing a deadline. It is shown that every static-priority algorithm can miss deadlines although close to 50% of the capacity is requested.The new algorithms in this chapter have the following performance. In periodic scheduling, the capacity that can be requested without missing a deadline is: 33% for migrative scheduling and 50% for non-migrative scheduling.In aperiodic scheduling, many performance metrics have been used in previous research. With the aperiodic model used in this chapter, the new algorithms in this chapter have the following performance. The capacity that can be requested without missing a deadline is: 50% for migrative scheduling and 31% for non-migrative scheduling.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Beskow, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Speech technology in the European project MonAMI
- 2008
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In: Proceedings of FONETIK 2008. - Gothenburg, Sweden : University of Gothenburg. - 9789197719605 ; , s. 33-36
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper describes the role of speech and speech technology in the European project MonAMI, which aims at “mainstreaming ac-cessibility in consumer goods and services, us-ing advanced technologies to ensure equal ac-cess, independent living and participation for all”. It presents the Reminder, a prototype em-bodied conversational agent (ECA) which helps users to plan activities and to remember what to do. The prototype merges speech technology with other, existing technologies: Google Cal-endar and a digital pen and paper. The solution allows users to continue using a paper calendar in the manner they are used to, whilst the ECA provides notifications on what has been written in the calendar. Users may also ask questions such as “When was I supposed to meet Sara?” or “What’s on my schedule today?”
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| 14. |
- Brabant, Georg, et al.
(author)
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Clinical implications of residual growth hormone (GH) response to provocative testing in adults with severe GH deficiency
- 2007
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In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 92:7, s. 2604-2609
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: The diagnosis of GH deficiency (GHD) in adults is based on provocative tests of GH release, all influenced by clinical factors. It is unknown whether the amount of residual GH reserve under the cutoff value has any physiological implication. Objectives: We used a large pharmacoepidemiological database of adult GHD (KIMS) and tested the impact of confounding factors on GH release of no greater than 3 µg/liter after an insulin tolerance test (ITT) and evaluated its potential physiological role. Design, Settings, and Patients: A total of 1098 patients fulfilled the criteria of having a GH peak of no greater than 3 µg/liter during ITT as well as documented IGF-I levels. Outcomes: The impact of underlying hypothalamic-pituitary disease, age, gender, body weight, as well as treatment modalities such as irradiation on peak GH level to ITT was evaluated, and the correlations between GH peak and targets of GH action were analyzed. Results: The GH response to ITT was regulated by gender, age, and the number of additional pituitary deficiencies. In a multivariate evaluation, the extent of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction was the most important single predictor of GH peak in ITT. GH peaks in ITT were positively related to IGF-I levels and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as inversely to triglycerides. Conclusions: Even in adult severe GHD, GH release appears to be regulated by factors defined to play an important role in normal GH secretion. The impact of very low GH release on IGF-I and lipid parameters indicates a persistent physiological role of low GH concentrations in severely affected patients with GHD.
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| 15. |
- Brose, Ulrich, et al.
(author)
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Body sizes of consumers and their resources
- 2005
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In: Ecology. - : Ecological Society of America. - 0012-9658 .- 1939-9170. ; 86:9, s. 2545-2545
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trophic information—who eats whom—and species’ body sizes are two of the most basic descriptions necessary to understand community structure as well as ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Consumer–resource body size ratios between predators and their prey, and parasitoids and their hosts, have recently gained increasing attention due to their important implications for species’ interaction strengths and dynamical population stability. This data set documents body sizes of consumers and their resources. We gathered body size data for the food webs of Skipwith Pond, a parasitoid community of grass-feeding chalcid wasps in British grasslands; the pelagic community of the Benguela system, a source web based on broom in the United Kingdom; Broadstone Stream, UK; the Grand Caric¸aie marsh at Lake Neuchaˆtel, Switzerland; Tuesday Lake, USA; alpine lakes in the Sierra Nevada of California; Mill Stream, UK; and the eastern Weddell Sea Shelf, Antarctica. Further consumer–resource body size data are included for planktonic predators, predatory nematodes, parasitoids, marine fish predators, freshwater invertebrates, Australian terrestrial consumers, and aphid parasitoids. Containing 16 807 records, this is the largest data set ever compiled for body sizes of consumers and their resources. In addition to body sizes, the data set includes information on consumer and resource taxonomy, the geographic location of the study, the habitat studied, the type of the feeding interaction (e.g., predacious, parasitic) and the metabolic categories of the species (e.g., invertebrate, ectotherm vertebrate). The present data set was gathered with the intent to stimulate research on effects of consumer–resource body size patterns on food-web structure, interaction-strength distributions, population dynamics, and community stability. The use of a common data set may facilitate cross-study comparisons and understanding of the relationships between different scientific approaches and models.
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| 16. |
- Efsing, Pål, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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IGSCC DISPOSITION CURVES FOR ALLOY 82 IN BWR NORMAL WATER CHEMISTRY
- 2007
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In: 13th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems. - 9781605600598 - 9781605600598 ; , s. 1353-1363
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In many nuclear power plants, areas of susceptible material in the reactor systems are replaced or mitigated. Many of the areas where the nickel-based weld metal Alloy 182 have been used, are not replaceable but need to be mitigated. One possibility to mitigate is to make known susceptible material non-accessible for the reactor coolant water by covering it with less susceptible materials. One such possibility that has been utilized frequently in the Swedish Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) fleet is in-lay welding of butt welds in the main circulation and feed water loops with the less susceptible Alloy 82, which has fewer reported failure cases under these conditions. The study focuses on the development of a Factor of Improvement between Alloy 182 and the replacement, Alloy 82 material. As part of this, a disposition curve under conditions relevant for Normal Water Chemistry, NWC, in the Swedish BWRs is presented.
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| 17. |
- Ehrs, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
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Brief questionnaires for patient-reported outcomes in asthma : validation and usefulness in a primary care setting
- 2006
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In: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 129:4, s. 925-932
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: Health-related quality of life (QoL) instruments are generally used for studies of asthma in specialized settings. For primary care use, there is a need for brief and simple questionnaires for structured patient-reported outcomes. We validated the Mini-Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-AQLQ), using the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire with standardized activities (AQLQ[S]) as the "gold standard." The Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) was validated against the symptoms domain of the AQLQ(S). Patients were characterized by the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). SUBJECTS: One hundred eight patients (68 women) with asthma diagnosed by their physicians from 24 primary care centers completed two visits (2 to 3 months apart). Their mean SF-36 scores were lower than the national norm for all domains. RESULTS: The Mini-AQLQ and ACQ correlated well with the AQLQ(S). Reliability, determined in 57 patients with stable AQLQ(S) scores, was good. Both brief questionnaires detected improvement or deterioration of patients at the group level. Global ratings of disease severity by patients or clinicians correlated poorly with disease-specific QoL scores. CONCLUSIONS: The Mini-AQLQ and ACQ instruments are sufficiently simple and robust to be suitable for research and quality of care monitoring in primary care at the group level. They may, after further validation, even be useful in the management of individual patients.
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| 18. |
- Elfving, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Maternal enterovirus infection during pregnancy as a risk factor in Offspring Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes between 15 and 30 years of age
- 2008
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In: Experimental Diabetes Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5214 .- 1687-5303. ; , s. 271958-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Maternal enterovirus infections during pregnancy may increase the risk of offspring developing type 1 diabetes during childhood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gestational enterovirus infections increase the offspring's risk of type 1 diabetes later in life. Serum samples from 30 mothers without diabetes whose offspring developed type 1 diabetes between 15 and 25 years of age were analyzed for enterovirus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies and enterovirus genome (RNA), and compared to a control group. Among the index mothers, 9/30 (30%) were enterovirus IgM-positive, and none was positive for enterovirus RNA. In the control group, 14/90 (16%) were enterovirus IgM-positive, and 4/90 (4%) were positive for enterovirus RNA (n.s.). Boys of enterovirus IgM-positive mothers had approximately 5 times greater risk of developing diabetes (OR 4.63; 95% CI 1.22-17.6), as compared to boys of IgM-negative mothers (P < .025). These results suggest that gestational enterovirus infections may be related to the risk of offspring developing type 1 diabetes in adolescence and young adulthood.
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| 19. |
- Eliasson, Ingegärd, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Diurnal and intra-urban particle concentrations in relation to windspeed and stability during the dry season in three African cities
- 2009
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In: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6369 .- 1573-2959. ; 154:1-4, s. 309-324
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The spatial and temporal variations of PM2.5, PM10 and TSP in three African cities of different sizes (Dar es Salaam, Ouagadougou and Gaborone) were investigated using portable particle counters. Three different areas (downtown, green residential and traditional residential) and a reference site were designated in each of the cities in order to detect intra-urban and temporal variability. Morning, noon and night measurements were conducted in the urban areas while observations at reference stations were made continuously over the field periods. A clear diurnal pattern in particle concentrations was found in inland Gaborone and Ouagadougou, with morning and night peaks where the latter was the highest. However, in coastal Dar es Salaam the night peak was almost absent due to delayed stabilisation of the air. Particle concentrations at the Ouagadougou reference station were extreme. The direct contribution of vehicle emissions are of secondary importance since the PM2.5/PM10 ratios are low (0.1–0.3). Much of the particles are supposed to be soil particles that are entrained in the air by daytime high windspeeds followed by nighttime subsidence as the air is stabilised and windspeed decreases. However, in all three cities, resuspension are important as areas with a network of unpaved roads showed the highest concentrations of suspended particles. Generally, the central business district had the lowest concentrations of particulate matter.
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| 20. |
- Erlendsson, Lýður S, et al.
(author)
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Barley as a green factory for the production of functional Flt3 ligand
- 2009
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In: Biotechnology Journal. - Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. - 1860-7314 .- 1860-6768. ; 5:2, s. 163-171
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biologically active recombinant human Flt3 ligand was expressed and isolated from transgenic barley seeds. Its expression is controlled by a tissue specific promoter that confines accumulation of the recombinant protein to the endosperm tissue of the seed. The recombinant Flt3 ligand variant expressed in the seeds contains an HQ-tag for affinity purification on immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) resin. The tagged protein was purified from seed extracts to near homogeneity using sequential chromatography on IMAC affinity resin and cation exchange resin. We also show that the recombinant Flt3 ligand protein undergoes posttranslational modifications: it is a glycoprotein containing alpha-1,3-fucose and alpha-1,2-xylose. The HQ-tagged Flt3 ligand variant exhibits comparable biological activity to commercial Flt3 ligand. This is the first report showing expression and accumulation of recombinant human growth factor in barley seeds with a yield of active protein similar to a bacterial expression system. The present results demonstrate that plant molecular farming is a viable approach for the bioproduction of human-derived growth factors.
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| 21. |
- Faxén, Karl-Filip, et al.
(author)
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Multicore computing--the state of the art
- 2009
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This document presents the current state of the art in multicore computing, in hardware and software, as well as ongoing activities, especially in Sweden. To a large extent, it draws on the presentations given at the Multicore Days 2008 organized by SICS, Swedish Multicore Initiative and Ericsson Software Research but the published literature and the experience of the authors has been equally important sources. It is clear that multicore processors will be with us for the foreseeable future; there seems to be no alternative way to provide substantial increases of microprocessor performance in the coming years. While processors with a few (2–8) cores are common today, this number is projected to grow as we enter the era of manycore computing. The road ahead for multicore and manycore hardware seems relatively clear, although some issues like the organization of the on-chip memory hierarchy remain to be settled. Multicore software is however much less mature, with fundamental questions of programming models, languages, tools and methodologies still outstanding.
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| 22. |
- Fortes Lähdet, E., et al.
(author)
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Analysis of Triage Worldwide
- 2009
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In: Emergency Nurse. - : RCN Publishing Co.. - 1354-5752 .- 2047-8984. ; 17:4, s. 16-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several triage methods have been developed and adopted around the world but none has been devised for specific patient populations such as older people or those with special needs. This literature review outlines the development of triage since the 1950s, briefly discusses some of the models in use around the world, including one that is used in the care of older people, and outlines the issues that should be taken into account when deciding which method to adopt.
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| 23. |
- Funkquist, Eva-Lotta, et al.
(author)
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Feeding regimens and catch-up growth in premature and full-term small for gestational age infants
- 2009
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In: ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition. - : SAGE Publications. - 1941-4072 .- 1941-4064. ; :1, s. 66-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of infants born small for gestational age (SGA) as a result of 2 different feeding regimens during their hospital stay. A retrospective chart review was performed at 2 hospitals to assess the growth of 42 SGA infants (gestational age: median 37 weeks; range, 30-41 weeks) from birth up to 18 months corrected age. At one hospital, infants were fed according to a proactive nutrition regimen stipulating 200 mL milk/kg per day from day 2 to achieve better weight gain. At the other hospital, milk volumes were gradually increased to 170 mL/kg per day by day 9. Infants fed according to the proactive regimen had lower weight loss and regained their birth weight earlier but did not show better catch-up growth subsequently. The premature SGA infants (n = 20) showed catch-up growth before 40 weeks postmenstrual age. The lower the gestational age at birth, the less negative standard deviation score for length up to a corrected age of 18 months. Although infants fed according to a proactive regimen with liberal volumes of milk during the first days had lower weight loss and regained their birth weight earlier, no evidence was found that this would result in a different pattern of growth in later life.
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| 24. |
- Funkquist, E-L, et al.
(author)
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Milk for small infants.
- 2007
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In: Acta Paediatr. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 96:4, s. 596-9
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 25. |
- Glavaski-Joksimovic, Aleksandra, et al.
(author)
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Survival, migration, and differentiation of Sox1-GFP embryonic stem cells in coculture with an auditory brainstem slice preparation
- 2008
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In: Cloning and Stem Cells. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1536-2302 .- 1557-7457. ; 10:1, s. 75-87
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The poor regeneration capability of the mammalian hearing organ has initiated different approaches to enhance its functionality after injury. To evaluate a potential neuronal repair paradigm in the inner ear and cochlear nerve we have previously used embryonic neuronal tissue and stem cells for implantation in vivo and in vitro. At present, we have used in vitro techniques to study the survival and differentiation of Sox1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells as a monoculture or as a coculture with rat auditory brainstem slices. For the coculture, 300 mu m-thick brainstem slices encompassing the cochlear nucleus and cochlear nerve were prepared from postnatal SD rats. The. slices were propagated using the membrane interface method and the cochlear nuclei were prelabeled with DiI. After some days in culture a suspension of Sox1 cells was deposited next to the brainstem slice. Following. deposition Sox1 cells migrated toward the brainstem and onto the cochlear nucleus. GFP was not detectable in undifferentiated ES cells but became evident during neural differentiation.. Up to 2 weeks after transplantation the cocultures were fixed. The undifferentiated cells were evaluated with antibodies against progenitor cells whereas the differentiated cells were determined with neuronal and glial markers. The morphological and immunohistochemical data indicated that Sox1 cells in monoculture differentiated into a higher percentage of glial cells than neurons. However, when a coculture was used a significantly lower percentage of Sox1 cells differentiated into glial cells. The results demonstrate that a coculture of Sox1 cells and auditory brainstem present a useful model to study stem cell differentiation.
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