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- Gärdlund, B, et al.
(author)
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Randomised, controlled trial of low-dose heparin for prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases. The Heparin Prophylaxis Study Group.
- 1996
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In: The Lancet. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 347:9012, s. 1357-61
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fatal pulmonary embolism and other thromboembolic complications are common in hospital inpatients. However, there is little evidence on the routine use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in non-surgical patients. We assessed the efficacy and safety of low-dose heparin in the prevention of hospital-acquired, clinically relevant, fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases.METHODS: Our study used the postrandomisation consent design. 19,751 consecutive patients, aged 55 years or older, admitted to departments of infectious diseases in six Swedish hospitals, were screened for inclusion in the randomised, controlled, unblinded, multicentre trial. Of the eligible patients, 5776 were assigned subcutaneous standard heparin (5000 IU every 12 h) until hospital discharge or for a maximum of 3 weeks; 5917 were assigned no prophylactic treatment (control group). We sought consent only from the heparin group. Follow-up was for 3 weeks after discharge from hospital or for a maximum of 60 days from randomisation. The primary endpoint was necropsy-verified pulmonary embolism of predefined clinical relevance.FINDINGS: By intention-to-treat analysis mortality was similar in the heparin and control groups (5.3 vs 5.6%, p = 0.39) and the median time from admission to death was 16 days in both groups (IQR 8-31 vs 6-28 days). Necropsy-verified pulmonary embolism occurred in 15 heparin-treated and 16 control-group patients. There was a significant difference between heparin and control groups in median time from randomisation to fatal pulmonary embolism (28 [24-36] vs 12.5 [10-20] days, p = 0.007). This difference corresponds to the duration of heparin prophylaxis. Non-fatal thromboembolic complications occurred in more of the control than of the heparin group (116 vs 70, p = 0.0012).INTERPRETATION: Our findings do not support the routine use of heparin prophylaxis for 3 weeks or less in large groups of non-surgical patients. Further studies are needed to investigate whether heparin prophylaxis of longer duration may prevent fatal pulmonary embolism.
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- JUUL, A, et al.
(author)
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Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in healthy infants, children, and adolescents: the relation to IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, age, sex, body mass index, and pubertal maturation
- 1995
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In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X. ; 80:8, s. 2534-2542
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- de Zegher, F, et al.
(author)
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Androgens and fetal growth
- 1998
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In: Hormone research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-0163. ; 50:4, s. 243-244
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Boys are heavier than girls at term birth. Children with a 46,XY karyotype and androgen insensitivity syndrome (clinically complete form and/or proven mutations in the androgen receptor gene) were found to have a birth weight comparable to that of girls. These findings support the hypothesis that the difference in birth weight between boys and girls is generated by androgen action.
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| 12. |
- Delarue, M., et al.
(author)
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Increased auxin efflux in the IAA-overproducing sur1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana: A mechanism for reducing auxin levels?
- 1999
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In: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 107:1, s. 120-127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the aim of investigating the mechanisms that maintain auxin homeostasis in plants, we have monitored the net uptake and metabolism of exogenously supplied indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA) in seedlings of wild type and the IAA-overproducing mutant sur1 of Arabidopsis thaliana. Tritiated IAA and NAA entered the seedling tissues within minutes and were mostly accumulated as metabolites, probably amino acid and sugar conjugates, The mutant seedlings were marked by a strong increase of [H-3]IAA metabolism and a reduction of the accumulation levels of both free [H-3]IAA and [H-3]NAA. The same characteristics were observed in wild-type seedlings grown on 5 mu M picloram. We measured [H-3]NAA uptake in the presence of high concentrations of unlabeled NAA or the auxin efflux carrier inhibitor naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). This abolished the difference in free [H-3]NAA accumulation between the mutant or picloram-treated seedlings and wild-type seedlings. These data indicated that active auxin efflux carriers were present in Arabidopsis seedling tissues. Picloram-treated seedlings and seedlings of the IAA-overproducing mutant sur1 displayed increased auxin efflux carrier activity as well as elevated conjugation of IAA. There is previous evidence to suggest that conjugation is a means to remove excess IAA in plant cells. Here, we discuss the possibility of efflux constituting an additional mechanism for regulating free IAA levels in the face of an excess auxin supply.
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- Jenny, P., et al.
(author)
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Rankine-Hugoniot-Riemann solver considering source terms and multidimensional effects
- 1998
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In: Journal of Computational Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9991 .- 1090-2716. ; 145:2, s. 575-610
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new approach for a flux solver is introduced, which takes into account source terms, viscous terms, and multidimensional effects. The basic idea is to distribute the source terms, which also contain the viscous terms and multidimensional effects, from the cells to the cell interfaces. Then the fluxes on both sides of a cell interface are determined by the Rankine-Hugoniot conditions and a linearized Riemann solver. The resulting Rankine-Hugoniot-Riemann (RHR) solver yields much more accurate results than conventional Riemann solvers for steady premixed laminar flames in 1D and 2D and a steady 2D inviscid channel flow with injection. Unsteady flow simulations of two colliding flames producing sound and of acoustic oscillations flattening a 2D Bunsen flame demonstrate that the new flux solver is able to compute acoustic effects in flames accurately. This approach for a flux solver is more general and can also be applied to solve other partial differential equations which can be expressed as hyperbolic systems with source terms ex- or including higher spatial derivatives, e.g., for the shallow water equations and for the magnetohydrodynamic equations.
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- Müller, H P, et al.
(author)
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Six-dimensional spin density/velocity NMR microscopy of percolation clusters.
- 1996
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In: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. - 0730-725X .- 1873-5894. ; 14:7-8, s. 955-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using computer-simulated random-site percolation networks as templates, three-dimensional percolation cluster objects were fabricated. The pore space was filled with water and experimentally investigated with the aid of NMR microimaging. A pulse sequence for six-dimensional spin density/velocity NMR imaging was employed for the combined record of the three-dimensional spin-density distribution and the three-dimensional velocity vector field of water percolating through the pore space. An evaluation procedure for the NMR image data was established that reliably renders the characteristic parameters (fractal dimensionality, fractal dimensionality of the backbone, correlation length).
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