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- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(author)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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In: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 4. |
- Hartley, M G, et al.
(author)
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Protection afforded by heat shock protein 60 from Francisella tularensis is due to copurified lipopolysaccharide.
- 2004
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In: Infection and Immunity. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 72:7, s. 4109-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Heat shock proteins (Hsps) have attracted significant attention as protective antigens against a range of diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. However, more recently there have been suggestions that the protective response is due to the presence of peptide components other than Hsps. We have shown that mice that had been immunized with purified heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) isolated from Francisella tularensis were protected against a subsequent challenge with some strains of the bacterium. However, this protection appeared to be due to trace amounts of lipopolysaccharide, which were too low to be detected by using the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay. This finding raises the possibility that the protection afforded by other bacterial Hsp60 proteins may be due to trace quantities of polysaccharide antigens carried by and acting in conjunction with the Hsps.
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| 6. |
- Rogers, AS, et al.
(author)
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A mutation in Drosophila simulans that lengthens the circadian period of locomotor activity
- 2004
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In: Genetica. - Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0016-6707 .- 1573-6857. ; 120:1-3, s. 223-232
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The length of the Thr-Gly repeat within the period gene of Drosophilids, coevolves with its immediate flanking region to maintain the temperature compensation of the fly circadian clock. In Drosophila simulans, balancing selection appears to maintain a polymorphism in this region, with three repeat lengths carrying 23, 24 or 25 Thr-Gly pairs, each in complete linkage disequilibrium with a distinctive flanking region amino acid moiety. We wondered whether separating a specific length repeat from its associated flanking haplotype might have functional implications for the circadian clock. We fortuitously discovered a population of flies collected in Kenya, in which a chimeric Thr-Gly haplotype was segregating that carried the (Thr-Gly)(24) repeat, but the flanking region of a (Thr-Gly) 23 allele. One of the five isofemale lines that carried this 'mutant' Thr-Gly sequence showed a dramatically long and temperature-sensitive free-running circadian period. This phenotype was mapped to the X chromosome, close to the D. simulans per gene, but there was also a significant effect of a modifying autosomal locus or loci. It seems remarkable that such a mutant phenotype should be discovered in a screen of chimeric Thr-Gly regions.
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- Rogers, John, et al.
(author)
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Lapps, Finns, Gypsies, Jews and Idiots : Modernity and the Use of Historical Categories in Sweden
- 2003
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In: Annales de Démographie Historique. - 0066-2062 .- 1776-2774. ; :1, s. 61-79
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores categories used in Swedish population statistics to gain insight into how the choice of these categories became a part of social developments and how "modernity" has helped shape statistical data collection. While the earliest statistics were mainly concerned with demographic variables, the early interest in those not belonging to the state church later developed into an interest in singling out groups such as the Saami, Finns, gypsies, Jews and the mentally deficient. The arguments used in defining these categories and determining who should be included reveal motivations ranging from economics to race. The shifts in argumentation and use of terminology over time suggest the scope of the impact of the modern project. These categories formed an integral part of the means used to reach the goals of what was defined as modern society.
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| 9. |
- Rogers, SL, et al.
(author)
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Drosophila RhoGEF2 associates with microtubule plus ends in an EB1-dependent manner
- 2004
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In: Current Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0445 .- 0960-9822. ; 14:20, s. 1827-1833
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Members of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 superfamily of GTPases [1,2] and their upstream activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) [3], have emerged as key regulators of actin and microtubule dynamics. In their GTP bound form, these proteins interact with downstream effector molecules that alter actin and microtubule behavior. During Drosophila embryogenesis, a Galpha subunit (Concertina) and a Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factor (DRhoGEF2) have been implicated in the dramatic epithelial-cell shape changes that occur during gastrulation [4-6] and morphogenesis [7]. Using Drosophila S2 cells as a model system, we show that DRhoGEF2 induces contractile cell shape changes by stimulating myosin II via the Rho1 pathway. Unexpectedly, we found that DRhoGEF2 travels to the cell cortex on the tips of growing microtubules by interaction with the microtubule plus-end tracking protein EB1. The upstream activator Concertina, in its GTP but not GDP bound form, dissociates DRhoGEF2 from microtubule tips and also causes cellular contraction. We propose that DRhoGEF2 uses microtubule dynamics to search for cortical subdomains of receptor-mediated Galpha activation, which in turn causes localized actomyosin contraction associated with morphogenetic movements during development.
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| 10. |
- Rogers, William C
(author)
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Effects of operating practices on commercial driver alertness
- 2000
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In: Proceedings of Traffic Safety on Two Continents. Conference in Malmö, Sweden, September 20-22, 1999. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 139-154
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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