| 1. |
- Bladini, Moa, 1979
(author)
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Hat och hot på nätet - rättsliga utmaningar i de nordiska länderna
- 2017
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In: Hadefulde ytringer i et nordisk perspektiv, Grejsen Nissen S. & Zuleta L. (Red.). - Köpenhamn : Institut for Menneskerettigheder. - 9788793605176
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I kapitlet ges en översikt över den straffrättsliga regleringen av hat och hot på nätet ur ett jämställdhetsperspektiv samt de utmaningar och brister som behöver åtgärdas.
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| 7. |
- Eliasson, Alf, 1959, et al.
(author)
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The precision of fit of milled titanium implant frameworks (I-Bridge) in the edentulous jaw.
- 2010
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In: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - : Wiley. - 1708-8208 .- 1523-0899. ; 12:2, s. 81-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: New computer numeric controlled (CNC)-milled frameworks for implant-supported prostheses have been introduced. However, no data are available on the precision of fit of these new frameworks. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the precision of fit of a new CNC-milled framework technique (I-Bridge, Biomain AB, Helsingborg, Sweden) using Brånemark System (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) and NobelReplace (Nobel Biocare AB) system implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten test frameworks were fabricated for one master model for each implant system. Five additional frameworks were fabricated for five different models simulating clinical cases as controls (Brånemark System). The distortion of implant center point positions was measured in x-, y-, and z-axes and in three dimensions by using a contact-type coordinate measuring machine and a computer program developed specifically for this purpose. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare differences of distortion within and between the groups. RESULTS: The maximal distortion in arch width (x-axis) and curvature (y-axis) was within 71 and 55 microm for all frameworks, respectively. The mean distortion in absolute figures in x-, y-, z-axes and three dimensions was for "clinical control" frameworks 23, 26, 4, and 34 microm as compared with less than 12, 12, 2, and 17 microm for Brånemark and NobelReplace frameworks, respectively. Control frameworks showed significantly (p < .05) greater mean and range of distortions in x- and y-axes and in three dimensions compared with test frameworks. CONCLUSION: All measured frameworks presented signs of misfit, indicating that no framework had a "passive fit." Frameworks produced in a more routine clinical environment seem to present greater levels of distortion as compared with frameworks produced in a strict test situation. However, all measured frameworks presented levels of precision of fit within limits considered to be clinically acceptable in earlier studies of frameworks placed on abutments.
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| 8. |
- Eliasson, Benitha
(author)
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Cooperation in the public sector : different specialities and competence
- 2008
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In: Dilemmas for Human Services 2008. - London : University of East London.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper intends to analyze and explore the cooperation between staff from health county council and local authority, social welfare department. Cooperation between these two organizations has become more and more a problem partly because institution care has disappeared and the patients have to rely on social work, primary care and also psychiatric open care. People with psychiatric diseases and disabilities have been institutionalized but after the psychiatric reform 1995 more clients live in their own homes with care from psychiatric day clinic and social welfare department. This has not been unproblematic changes for either the clients or the staff. And this is not just a local or a regional problem; it is also a national problem which has led to a strong governmental support for different projects for the local authorities and health county councils. Socialstyrelsen (SOU 2006:100) establishes the importance that these organizations guarantee continuity, quality and co-ordination and that a comprehensive view in their care of the patient/client maintains. The work with the clients with psychiatric disabilities has grey areas where there is no clear line who have the responsibility. These grey areas, battles between professions who are in charge and the psychiatric right to diagnose the patients give less space for social workers competence and thereby create obstacles for cooperation. The concept cooperation can be described as two parts that are going to achieve a common goal (Danermark 1999) where the patient/client will benefit and get the best care and service regarding to their needs. The professions who are working together to help and give service are social workers, psychiatric and medical doctors, districts nurses and mental care assistants. Cooperation between the staff has become more and more a problem partly because they have different specialities and competence which has intended to create obstacles instead of helping the clients. The professions experiences working with other professions from other organization intend to reduce their special knowledge in their specific competence area (Dalziel, 2005). The method has been questionnaire and interviews with staff from both organizations. The result shows a lack of trust between the staff, partly because of earlier experiences. The problems for cooperation have been departmentalization of work and that the managers did not support and encourage cooperation as an important task for the staff, and therefore did not allocate time for cooperation. To create a good cooperation climate over the organization boarders needs both financial and management support and also a positive attitude from staff to work with this issue. (
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| 9. |
- Gut, Allan, et al.
(author)
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The elephant random walk with gradually increasing memory
- 2022
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In: Statistics and Probability Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0167-7152 .- 1879-2103. ; 189
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the simple random walk the steps are independent, viz., the walker has no memory. In contrast, in the elephant random walk (ERW), which was introduced by Schutz and Trimper (2004), the next step always depends on the whole path so far. Various authors have studied further properties of the ERW. In Gut and Stadtmuller (2021b) we studied the case when the Elephant remembers only a finite part of the first or last steps. In both cases there was no separation into two different regimes as in the classical ERW. We also posed the question about what happens if she remembers a gradually increasing past. This paper will give some answers to that question. We also discuss related questions for ERW:s with delays. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Ibanez, Marcela, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Can we do policy recommendations from a framed field experiment? The case of coca cultivation in Colombia
- 2008
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Laboratory experiments are potentially effective tools for studying behavior in settings where little or no information would otherwise exist such as participation in illicit activities. However, using laboratory experiments to draw policy recommendations is highly debatable. We investigate the external validity of a framed field experiment that mimics coca cultivation and find evidence that behavior in the experiment is consistent with self-reported behavior. We use the experiment to discuss the effectiveness of carrot and stick policies on coca investments. The experiment indicates that subjects are more responsive to changes in the relative profit of cattle farming than to changes in the probability of coca eradication.
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| 11. |
- Ibarra, Alejandro, et al.
(author)
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On the sensitivity of CTA to gamma-ray boxes from multi-TeV dark matter
- 2015
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In: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Collider, direct and indirect searches for dark matter have typically little or no sensitivity to weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with masses above a few TeV. This rather unexplored regime can however be probed through the search for distinctive gamma-ray spectral features produced by the annihilation of WIMPs at very high energies. Here we present a dedicated search for gamma-ray boxes - sharp spectral features that cannot be mimicked by astrophysical sources - with the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). Using realistic projections for the instrument performance and detailed background modelling, a pro file likelihood analysis is implemented to derive the expected upper limits and sensitivity reach after 100 h of observations towards a 2 degrees x 2 degrees region around the Galactic centre. Our results show that CTA will be able to probe gamma-ray boxes down to annihilation cross sections of 10(-27) - 10(-26) cm(3)/s up to tens of TeV. We also identify a number of concrete particle physics models providing thermal dark matter candidates that can be used as target benchmarks in future search campaigns. This constitutes a golden opportunity for CTA to either discover or rule out multi-TeV thermal dark matter in a corner of parameter space where all other experimental efforts are basically insensitive.
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| 12. |
- Ibarra, Cristian, et al.
(author)
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BCG-induced cytokine release in bladder cancer cells is regulated by Ca2+ signaling
- 2019
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In: Molecular Oncology. - : WILEY. - 1574-7891 .- 1878-0261. ; 13:2, s. 202-211
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is widely used in the clinic to effectively treat superficial urinary bladder cancer. However, a significant proportion of patients who fail to respond to BCG risk cystectomy or death. Though more than 3 million cancer treatments with BCG occur annually, surprisingly little is known about the initial signaling cascades activated by BCG. Here, we report that BCG induces a rapid intracellular Ca2+ (calcium ion) signal in bladder cancer cells that is essential for activating the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B) and for synthesizing and secreting proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 8 (IL-8). A similar Ca2+ response was observed when cells were exposed to the supernatant of BCG. Studying cellular molecular mechanisms involved in the BCG signaling event, we found pivotal roles for phospholipase C and the Toll-like receptor 4. Further assessment revealed that this signaling pathway induces synthesis of IL-8, whereas exocytosis appeared to be controlled by global Ca2+ signaling. These results shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying BCG treatment of bladder cancer, which can help in improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing adverse side effects.
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| 14. |
- Ibieta, Gabriela, et al.
(author)
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Molecular characterization of a galactomannan extracted from Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa) seeds
- 2023
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In: Scientific Reports. - 2045-2322. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tara gum (TG) is a polysaccharide extracted from the seeds of a South American tree called Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa). TG is a galactomannan with many applications in the food industry, mainly as an emulsifier and stabilizer agent. In addition, it is also used in the paper and cosmetic industries. In the present study, we performed a molecular characterization based on chemical composition and physicochemical properties to understand the properties behind TG applications. TG was extracted and purified from Tara seeds distributed in different ecoregions of Bolivia. The monosaccharide composition analysis was determined by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography/pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). At the same time, their molecular characteristics, such as molar mass, root-mean-square radius, hydrodynamic radius, conformation, and densities, were studied by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering refractive index (AF4-MALS-dRI), also the specific refractive index increment (dn/dc) was determined for the first time using AF4 for TG. The results revealed that the gum samples are galactomannans composed of mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal) in a ratio of 3.37 (Man/Gal), with an average molar mass range from 2.460 × 107 to 3.699 × 107 Da, distributed in a single population. The root-mean-square radius range from 260.4 to 281.6 nm, and dn/dc is 0.1454. The Kratky plots based on 14 scattering angles indicated that the conformation of all samples corresponds to random coil monodisperse, while their gyration radius/hydrodynamic radius ratio (ρ) is high. All these results suggest that the chains have a low branched density, consistent with the Gal/Man composition. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time an integrated physicochemical study of TG relevant to developing emulsifier and stabilizer formulations.
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| 15. |
- Karlsson, Per, 1963, et al.
(author)
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The role of the number of uninvolved lymph nodes in predicting locoregional recurrence in breast cancer.
- 2007
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In: Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 25:15, s. 2019-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To identify groups of early breast cancer patients with substantial risk (10-year risk > 20%) for locoregional failure (LRF) who might benefit from postmastectomy radiotherapy (RT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prognostic factors for LRF were evaluated among 6,660 patients (2,588 node-negative patients, 4,072 node-positive patients) in International Breast Cancer Study Group Trials I to IX treated with chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy, and observed for a median of 14 years. In total, 1,251 LRFs were detected. All patients were treated with mastectomy without RT. RESULTS: No group with 10-year LRF risk exceeding 20% was found among patients with node-negative disease. Among patients with node-positive breast cancer, increasing numbers of uninvolved nodes were significantly associated with decreased risk of LRF, even after adjustment for other prognostic factors. The highest quartile of uninvolved nodes was compared with the lowest quartile. Among premenopausal patients, LRF risk was decreased by 35% (P = .0010); among postmenopausal patients, LRF risk was decreased by 46% (P < .0001). The 10-year cumulative incidence of LRF was 20% among patients with one to three involved lymph nodes and fewer than 10 uninvolved nodes. Age younger than 40 years and vessel invasion were also associated significantly with increased risk. Among patients with node-positive disease, overall survival was significantly greater in those with higher numbers of uninvolved nodes examined (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: Patients with one to three involved nodes and a low number of uninvolved nodes, vessel invasion, or young age have an increased risk of LRF and may be candidates for a similar treatment as those with at least four lymph node metastases.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Karlsson, Rauni
(author)
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Demokratiska värden i förskolebarns vardag
- 2009
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The theme of this thesis is democratic values in pre-school and how these are revealed in the children’s relations in that setting. It describes what the children take responsibility for and how they do it; how they demonstrate care in the sense of consideration, and what they show respect for and how they show it. The study was carried out within the framework of the state pre-school as portrayed in two pre-school departments in a municipality in western Sweden. The daily activity was followed in two pre-school groups comprising children aged 3-6 years, among which field studies were carried out over a total of 36 weeks. Observations focusing on the children’s behaviour and their communication both with each other and the teachers, made with the help of an open research protocol, audio-recordings and diary notes, resulted in descriptive field records, which were analysed in four stages. The understanding of domain theory was used as a conceptual tool for comprehending and explaining how values, value judgement and consensus may be distinguished and sorted. The analytical procedure has been influenced both by a perspective of positioning and power relations and interpretation based on value theory. The analysis has resulted in three thematic values, among which Responsibility is shown in the way the children behave in words and actions, meaning that the children do not speak about taking responsibility but, a fact that is central to this study, initiate responsibility. They show in different ways that they take responsibility for everyday matters both on their own behalf and on behalf of others. Care refers to the perception of others’ needs in an empathic way, and that the children demonstrate by their actions an empathic understanding of someone else. This means that care is a value that the children use in order to support each other within their cultural community as separate from adults’ perspective. In this way, their caring acts sometimes appear to be in opposition to the perspective that the teachers’ positions express. Respect is shown to be a value that means that the children, when encountering another, abstain from what they are doing or change their current position for that other person’s benefit. In certain situations, the children abstain from their self-chosen position in favour of a social convention or an opinion that is asserted, which means that respect is embedded in a complex way. Gender differences have been identified as an all-pervading theme in the empirical material. An important part of the children’s experiences takes place in the group divisions between girls and boys, which is why these affect the affinity that they develop. In the everyday structure, girls and boys participate as social actors with expectations and norms formed with the support of the gender differences that are made. Both girls and boys stress the importance of their fellowship, while at the same time a pattern can be discerned that ascribes girls and boys different degrees of agency.
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| 18. |
- Khosravi, Kaveh, et al.
(author)
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1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperoxy-1,2-diphenylethane; Metal-free; Epoxidation;α,β-Unsaturated ketones.
- 2016
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In: Journal of Chemical Research. - 1747-5198.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gem-Dihydroperoxides and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes were synthesised from aldehydes and ketones catalysed by heteropoly acid/NaY zeolite (HPA/NaY) as a new, effective and reusable solid catalyst using 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide at room temperature. The reactions proceeded with high rates and excellent yields.
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| 19. |
- Khosravi, Kaveh, et al.
(author)
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Facile epoxidation of α, β-unsaturated ketones with urea-2, 2- dihydroperoxypropane as a new oxidant
- 2017
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In: Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1735-2428 .- 1735-207X. ; 14, s. 323-328
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Various aromatic α, β-unsaturated ketones were successfully transformed into their corresponding epoxides using urea-2,2-dihydroperoxypropane as the oxygen source for the first time. The reactions were carried out under mild alkaline conditions at room temperature in high yields and short reaction times.
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| 20. |
- Koti, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Powder catchment efficiency in laser cladding (directed energy deposition). An investigation into standard laser cladding and the ABA cladding technique
- 2023
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In: Journal of laser applications. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 1042-346X .- 1938-1387. ; 35:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates the efficiency of powder catchment in blown powder laser cladding (a directed energy deposition technique). A comparison is made between standard "track by overlapping track"cladding ("AAA"cladding) and "ABA"cladding, where the gaps left between an initial set of widely spaced tracks ("A"tracks), are filled in by subsequent "B"tracks. In both these techniques, the melt pool surface is the collection area for the cladding powder, and the shape of this pool can be affected by several parameters including cladding speed, intertrack spacing, and type of cladding technique. The results presented here are derived from of an analysis of high-speed videos taken during processing and cross sections of the resultant clad tracks. The results show that the first track in AAA cladding has a different melt pool shape to subsequent tracks, and that the asymmetry of the subsequent track melt pools results in a reduction in the powder catchment efficiency. In contrast to this, the geometry of the "B"track melt pools between their adjacent "A"tracks results in an enhanced powder catchment efficiency.
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| 21. |
- Malmström, Mikael, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Mode locking of Er fiber laser with electro optical fiber modulator
- 2011
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In: 2nd EOS Topical Meeting on Lasers (ETML'11).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper demonstrates a self-starting mode-locked fiber laser that incorporates anelectrooptical fiber modulator and exploits soliton compression for picosecond pulsegeneration. The ring laser runs at 1.3 MHz, the pulse duration is ~2 ps and thebandwidth ~1 nm. The laser cavity is all fiber-based and the fiber modulator stabilizespulse formation.
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| 22. |
- Malmström, Magnus, 1994-, et al.
(author)
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Modeling of the tire-road friction using neural networks including quantification of the prediction uncertainty
- 2021
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In: 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION). - : IEEE. - 9781737749714 - 9781665414272 ; , s. 737-742
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite the great success of neural networks (NN) in many application areas, it is still not obvious how to integrate an NN in a sensor fusion framework. The reason is that the computation of the for fusion required variance of NN is still a rather immature area. Here, we apply a methodology from system identification where uncertainty of the parameters in the NN are first estimated in the training phase, and then this uncertainty is propagated to the output in the prediction phase. This local approach is based on linearization, and it implicitly assumes a good signal-to-noise ratio and persistency of excitation. We illustrate the proposed method on a fundamental problem in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), namely to estimate the tire-road friction. This is a single input single output static nonlinear relation that is simple enough to provide insight and it enables comparisons with other parametric approaches. We compare both to existing methods for how to assess uncertainty in NN and standard methods for this problem, and evaluate on real data. The goal is not to improve on simpler methods for this particular application, but rather to validate that our method is on par with simpler model structures, where output variance is immediately provided.
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| 23. |
- Mendel, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Students' conceptions of education and work
- 2010
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In: Students as journeymen between cultures of higher education and work. - Saarbrücken : Lambert Academic Publishing. - 9783838394626 ; , s. 60-88
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 24. |
- Mendelsohn, Emma, et al.
(author)
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Global patterns and correlates in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in humans
- 2023
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In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 290:2007
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat, and drivers of the emergence of novel strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in humans are poorly understood at the global scale. We examined correlates of AMR emergence in humans using global data on the origins of novel strains of AMR bacteria from 2006 to 2017, human and livestock antibiotic use, country economic activity and reporting bias indicators. We found that AMR emergence is positively correlated with antibiotic consumption in humans. However, the relationship between AMR emergence and antibiotic consumption in livestock is modified by gross domestic product (GDP), with only higher GDP countries showing a slight positive association, a finding that differs from previous studies on the drivers of AMR prevalence. We also found that human travel may play a role in AMR emergence, likely driving the spread of novel AMR strains into countries where they are subsequently detected for the first time. Finally, we used our model to generate a country-level map of the global distribution of predicted AMR emergence risk, and compared these findings against reported AMR emergence to identify gaps in surveillance that can be used to direct prevention and intervention policies.
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