| 1. |
- Weinstein, John N., et al.
(author)
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The cancer genome atlas pan-cancer analysis project
- 2013
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:10, s. 1113-1120
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network has profiled and analyzed large numbers of human tumors to discover molecular aberrations at the DNA, RNA, protein and epigenetic levels. The resulting rich data provide a major opportunity to develop an integrated picture of commonalities, differences and emergent themes across tumor lineages. The Pan-Cancer initiative compares the first 12 tumor types profiled by TCGA. Analysis of the molecular aberrations and their functional roles across tumor types will teach us how to extend therapies effective in one cancer type to others with a similar genomic profile. © 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Wang, Zhaoming, et al.
(author)
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Imputation and subset-based association analysis across different cancer types identifies multiple independent risk loci in the TERT-CLPTM1L region on chromosome 5p15.33
- 2014
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In: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:24, s. 6616-6633
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped risk alleles for at least 10 distinct cancers to a small region of 63 000 bp on chromosome 5p15.33. This region harbors the TERT and CLPTM1L genes; the former encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the latter may play a role in apoptosis. To investigate further the genetic architecture of common susceptibility alleles in this region, we conducted an agnostic subset-based meta-analysis (association analysis based on subsets) across six distinct cancers in 34 248 cases and 45 036 controls. Based on sequential conditional analysis, we identified as many as six independent risk loci marked by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms: five in the TERT gene (Region 1: rs7726159, P = 2.10 × 10(-39); Region 3: rs2853677, P = 3.30 × 10(-36) and PConditional = 2.36 × 10(-8); Region 4: rs2736098, P = 3.87 × 10(-12) and PConditional = 5.19 × 10(-6), Region 5: rs13172201, P = 0.041 and PConditional = 2.04 × 10(-6); and Region 6: rs10069690, P = 7.49 × 10(-15) and PConditional = 5.35 × 10(-7)) and one in the neighboring CLPTM1L gene (Region 2: rs451360; P = 1.90 × 10(-18) and PConditional = 7.06 × 10(-16)). Between three and five cancers mapped to each independent locus with both risk-enhancing and protective effects. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were seen for a subset of risk loci, indicating that methylation and subsequent effects on gene expression may contribute to the biology of risk variants on 5p15.33. Our results provide strong support for extensive pleiotropy across this region of 5p15.33, to an extent not previously observed in other cancer susceptibility loci.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Jiguang, et al.
(author)
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FEA of helmet-head injury protection based on motorcycle accident reconstruction
- 2013
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In: Proceedings - 2013 5th Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2013. - 9780769549323 ; , s. 570-573
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Head impact usually causes fatalities of riders in motorcycle accidents. The use of helmet can protect head effectively and the study of head injury mechanism is useful in safety helmet design and head injury risk decrease. A real motorcycle-passenger car accident was reconstructed in order to simulate and analyze the motion, impact velocity, impact angle in the collision. In order to study the dynamic response of helmeted head during the accident impact processing, an effective helmet model was constructed and validated. Coupling with the finite element model of human head, the injury mechanism of head and relevant parameters of biomechanics were studied and the protection ability of helmet was analyzed. It was found that the presence of helmet reduces the probility of head injury.
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| 4. |
- Dai, Bing, et al.
(author)
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A study on throw distance of electric bicycle and cyclist based on accident reconstruction
- 2013
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In: Proceedings - 2013 5th Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2013. - 9780769549323 ; , s. 135-138
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper aims to determine the correlation of the throw distance of cyclist and electric bicycle in traffic accidents with throw vehicle impact speed. A total of 22 vehicle-electric bicycle accidents were sampled from IVAC database, China. The selected accidents were reconstructed by using PC-Crash and Madymo programs. The relationship between throw distance and vehicle impact velocity was analyzed by using logistic regression model The relationship curves were obtained based on the calculated parameters. With increasing of the vehicle impact velocity, an increase of throw distance was observed. When the vehicle impact velocity was above 30km/h, the throw distance of electric bicycle was larger than that of cyclist. By comparing of results from the PC-Crash and MADYMO simulations with observations from in-depth accident investigation, the feasibility of the reconstruction method and the validity of the numerical model were evaluated. This research could provide a basis for further study on the dynamic response and injury prevention of cyclist.
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| 5. |
- Li, Li, et al.
(author)
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A study on motor-scooter accidents in China and Germany
- 2013
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In: Proceedings - 2013 5th Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2013. - 9780769549323 ; , s. 110-113
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The vehicle traffic accidents have been widely studied not only in the motorized countries but also in the motorizing countries, while in-depth study on motor-scooter accidents has not been adequately investigated. In this research the motor-scooter accident data from IVAC in Changsha of China were collected from in depth accident investigation, at the same time the accidents samples from GIDAS in Hannover Medical University from 2004 to 2010 were also picked out to study the injury mechanism on motor-scooter riders. By utilizing the statistical analysis and accident reconstruction method, the injury location and injury severity of the scooter riders are investigated, furthermore the collision type, collision speed on scooter to car accidents, impact areas on helmets for scooter riders, injury risk as a function of car collision speed are investigated. The research results can provide foundation and reference for the establishment on injury protection measures for scooter riders.
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| 6. |
- Wang, Xuechao, et al.
(author)
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A study on kinematics of electric-bicycle-rider in car collisions based on traffic accident data
- 2013
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In: Proceedings - 2013 5th Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2013. - 9780769549323 ; , s. 106-109
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The impact scenarios, impact velocity were investigated based on 224 car-electric bicycle collision cases in IVAC (In-depth Investigation of Car Accident in Changsha) database. Cars were classified into three types: sedan, SUV and one box. According to analysis of traffic accident data, car-electric bicycle collision models were built up by using MADYMO. In order to analyze the kinematics of electric-bicycle-riders, this paper conducted a series of numerical experiments by changing the types of cars. Results show that the most prominent impact modes were frontal impact (54%) and side impact (33%), rider's head tend to strike sedan at upper part of the windscreen', 'SUV at the front end of bonnet, and one box at lower part of the windscreen, The peak values of head's and pelvis' acceleration were higher and occurred earlier when a SUV or one box impacted with electric bicycle.
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| 7. |
- Yang, Runkuan, et al.
(author)
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Ethyl pyruvate reduces liver injury at early phase but impairs regeneration at late phase in acetaminophen overdose
- 2012
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In: Critical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 16:1, s. R9-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION:Inflammation may critically affect mechanisms of liver injury in acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity. Kupffer cells (KC) play important roles in inflammation, and KC depletion confers protection at early time points after APAP treatment but can lead to more severe injury at a later time point. It is possible that some inflammatory factors might contribute to liver damage at an early injurious phase but facilitate liver regeneration at a late time point. Therefore, we tested this hypothesis by using ethyl pyruvate (EP), an anti-inflammatory agent, to treat APAP overdose for 24-48 hours.METHODS:C57BL/6 male mice were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of APAP (350 mg/kg dissolved in 1 mL sterile saline). Following 2 hours of APAP challenge, the mice were given 0.5 mL EP (40 mg/kg) or saline treatment every 8 hours for a total of 24 or 48 hours.RESULTS:Twenty-four hours after APAP challenge, compared to the saline-treated group, EP treatment significantly lowered serum transaminases (ALT/AST) and reduced liver injury seen in histopathology; however, at the 48-hour time point, compared to the saline therapy, EP therapy impaired hepatocyte regeneration and increased serum AST; this late detrimental effect was associated with reduced serum TNF-α concentration and decreased expression of cell cycle protein cyclin D1, two important factors in liver regeneration.CONCLUSIONS:Inflammation likely contributes to liver damage at an early injurious phase but improves hepatocyte regeneration at a late time point, and prolonged anti-inflammation therapy at a late phase is not beneficial.
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| 8. |
- Yang, Runkuan, et al.
(author)
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HMGB1 neutralization is associated with bacterial translocation during acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
- 2014
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In: BMC Gastroenterology. - 1471-230X. ; 14, s. 66-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is associated with a high rate of gram- negative enteric bacterial infection; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. APAP overdose induces massive hepatocyte necrosis, necrotic tissue releases high mobility group B1 (HMGB1) and exogenous HMGB1 is able to induce gut bacterial translocation (BT) in normal mice; therefore, it is possible that HMGB1 mediates gut BT in APAP hepatotoxicity. This study aims to test this hypothesis by using anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody to treat APAP overdose for 24-48 hours. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with a single dose of APAP (350 mg/ kg dissolved in 1 mL sterile saline). 2 hrs after APAP injection, the APAP challenged mice were randomized to receive treatment with either anti-HMGB1 antibody (400 mu g per dose) or non-immune (sham) IgG every 24 h for a total of 2 doses. Results: 24 and 48 hrs after APAP challenge, anti-HMGB1 treatment instead of sham IgG therapy significantly decreased serum HMGB1 concentrations and reduced BT by 85%; serum HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with the amount of BT; anti-HMGB1 therapy decreased hepatic BT at 48 h, which was associated with better recovered liver structure and better restored hepatic immune system that was shown by enhanced hepatic mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and extensive proliferation of inflammatory and reticuloendothelial cells; however, anti- HMGB1 treatment did not decrease gut mucosal permeability as compared to the sham IgG therapy at either 24 or 48 hrs. Conclusion: HMGB1 neutralization is associated with bacterial translocation during APAP hepatotoxicity.
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| 9. |
- Zhang, Qun, et al.
(author)
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The Realistic Domain Structure of As-Synthesized Graphene Oxide from Ultrafast Spectroscopy
- 2013
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 135:33, s. 12468-12474
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Graphene oxide (GO) is an attractive alternative for large-scale production of graphene, but its general structure is still under debate due to its complicated nonstoichiometric nature. Here we perform a set of femto-second pump-probe experiments on as-synthesized GO to extrapolate structural information in situ. Remarkably, it is observed that, in these highly oxidized GO samples, the ultrafast graphene-like dynamics intrinsic to pristine graphene is completely dominant over a wide energy region and can be modified by the localized impurity states and the electron-phonon coupling under certain conditions. These observations, combined with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and control experiments, lead to an important conclusion that GO consists of two types of domain, namely the carbon-rich graphene-like domain and the oxygen-rich domain. This study creates a new understanding of the realistic domain structure and properties of as-synthesized GO, offering useful guidance for future applications based on chemically modified/functionalized graphenes.
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