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| 2. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(author)
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Human Sciences and Human Interests : Integrating the Social, Economic, and Evolutionary Sciences
- 2016
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Book (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within the disciplines of social, economic, and evolutionary science, a proud ignorance can often be found of the other areas’ approaches. This text provides a novel intellectual basis for breaking this trend. Certainly, Human Sciences and Human Interests aspires to open a broad debate about what scholars in the different human sciences assume, imply or explicitly claim with regard to human interests.DUST JACKET TEXT: Mikael Klintman draws the reader to the core of human sciences - how they conceive human interests, as well as how interests embedded within each discipline relate to its claims and recommendations. Moreover, by comparing theories as well as concrete examples of research on health and environment through the lenses of social, economic and evolutionary sciences, Klintman outlines an integrative framework for how human interests could be better analysed across all human sciences.This fast-paced and modern contribution to the field is a necessary tool for developing any human scientist’s ability to address multidimensional problems within a rapidly changing society. Avoiding dogmatic reasoning, this interdisciplinary text offers new insights and will be especially relevant to scholars and advanced students within the aforementioned disciplines, as well as those within the fields of social work, social policy, political science and other neighbouring disciplines.
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| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2012
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Wolzak, K., et al.
(author)
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Protein disulfide isomerases as CSF biomarkers for the neuronal response to tau pathology
- 2023
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In: Alzheimers & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 19:8, s. 3563-3574
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for specific cellular disease processes are lacking for tauopathies. In this translational study we aimed to identify CSF biomarkers reflecting early tau pathology-associated unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. MethodsWe employed mass spectrometry proteomics and targeted immunoanalysis in a combination of biomarker discovery in primary mouse neurons in vitro and validation in patient CSF from two independent large multicentre cohorts (EMIF-AD MBD, n = 310; PRIDE, n = 771). ResultsFirst, we identify members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family in the neuronal UPR-activated secretome and validate secretion upon tau aggregation in vitro. Next, we demonstrate that PDIA1 and PDIA3 levels correlate with total- and phosphorylated-tau levels in CSF. PDIA1 levels are increased in CSF from AD patients compared to controls and patients with tau-unrelated frontotemporal and Lewy body dementia (LBD). HighlightsNeuronal unfolded protein response (UPR) activation induces the secretion of protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) in vitro.PDIA1 is secreted upon tau aggregation in neurons in vitro.PDIA1 and PDIA3 levels correlate with total and phosphorylated tau levels in CSF.PDIA1 levels are increased in CSF from Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients compared to controls.PDIA1 levels are not increased in CSF from tau-unrelated frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) patients.
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| 6. |
- Feng, Zhaoxuan, et al.
(author)
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Tunable chitosan hydrogels for adsorption : Property control by biobased modifiers
- 2018
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In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 196, s. 135-145
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A sustainable strategy to fabricate chitosan-based composite hydrogels with tunable properties and controllable adsorption capacity of trace pharmaceuticals was demonstrated. Two biobased modifiers were utilized to tune the properties, nano-graphene oxide (nGO) derived from chitosan via microwave-assisted carbonization and oxidation, and genipin as the crosslinking agent. An increase in genipin content facilitated an increase in the degree of crosslinking as shown by improved storage modulus and decreased swelling ratio. Increasing nGO content changed the surface microtopography of the hydrogel which correlated with the surface wettability. nGO also catalyzed the genipin-crosslinking reaction. The hydrogel was further shown to be an effective adsorbent for a common anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac sodium (DCF), with the removal efficiency ranging from 91 to 100% after 48 h. DCF adsorption efficiency could be tuned through simple alteration of nGO and genipin concentration, which provides promising potential for this environmental-friendly adsorbent in removal of DCF from pharmaceutical waste water.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bhaskar, S., et al.
(author)
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Baseline collateral status and infarct topography in post-ischaemic perilesional hyperperfusion: An arterial spin labelling study
- 2017
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In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. - : SAGE Publications. - 0271-678X .- 1559-7016. ; 37:3, s. 1148-1162
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Focal hyperperfusion after acute ischaemic stroke could be of prognostic value depending upon its spatial localisation and temporal dynamics. Factors associated with late stage (12-24h) perilesional hyperperfusion, identified using arterial spin labelling, are poorly defined. A prospective cohort of acute ischaemic stroke patients presenting within 4.5h of symptom onset were assessed with multi-modal computed tomography acutely and magnetic resonance imaging at 24 +/- 8h. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics curves were used. One hundred and nineteen hemispheric acute ischaemic stroke patients (mean age=71 +/- 12 years) with 24h arterial spin labelling imaging were included. Forty-two (35.3%) patients showed perilesional hyperperfusion on arterial spin labelling at 24h. Several factors were independently associated with perilesional hyperperfusion: good collaterals (71% versus 29%, P < 0.0001; OR=5, 95% CI=[1.6, 15.7], P=0.005), major reperfusion (81% versus 48%, P=< 0.0001; OR=7.5, 95% CI=[1.6, 35.1], P=0.01), penumbral salvage (76.2% versus 47%, P=0.002; OR=6.6, 95% CI=[1.8, 24.5], P=0.004), infarction in striatocapsular (OR=9.5, 95% CI=[2.6, 34], P=0.001) and in cortical superior division middle cerebral artery (OR=4.7, 95% CI=[1.4, 15.7], P=0.012) territory. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.91. Our results demonstrate good arterial collaterals, major reperfusion, penumbral salvage, and infarct topographies involving cortical superior middle cerebral artery and striatocapsular are associated with perilesional hyperperfusion.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jin, Taiyi, et al.
(author)
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Renal dysfunction of cadmium-exposed workers residing in a cadmium-polluted environment.
- 2004
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In: Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0966-0844 .- 1572-8773. ; 17:5, s. 513-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human exposure to cadmium may occur in both occupational and general environments. We were interested in determining whether a combination of occupational and environmental exposure to cadmium results in different levels of severity of renal dysfunction relative to that arising from environmental or occupational exposure alone. We selected 44 residents, who once were employed in a smelter and lived in a cadmium-polluted area, as group A. Another 88 subjects, who never worked in the plant, but lived in the same area, were selected as group B. Group C consisted of 88 subjects who had no history of occupational exposure to cadmium and lived in a non-cadmium-polluted area. Statistical analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in age or gender among the three groups, nor were there significant differences in smoking habits. The prevalence of renal dysfunction as indicated by increased excretion of beta2-microglobulin (B2M), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin (ALB), was higher in group A than in group B. This finding suggests that exposure to cadmium both occupationally and environmentally results in a higher prevalence of renal dysfunction, relative to those who are exposed to cadmium only in the general environment. Therefore, this specific population, who once were occupationally exposed to cadmium and lived in polluted areas, should be identified. Furthermore, health examinations of this population should be conducted in time to prevent further health damage induced by cadmium exposure.
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| 11. |
- Ruhal, Rohit, et al.
(author)
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Trends in bacterial trehalose metabolism and significant nodes of metabolic pathway in the direction of trehalose accumulation
- 2013
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In: Microbial Biotechnology. - : Wiley. - 1751-7907 .- 1751-7915. ; 6:5, s. 493-502
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current knowledge of trehalose biosynthesis under stress conditions is incomplete and needs further research. Since trehalose finds industrial and pharmaceutical applications, enhanced accumulation of trehalose in bacteria seems advantageous for commercial production. Moreover, physiological role of trehalose is a key to generate stress resistant bacteria by metabolic engineering. Although trehalose biosynthesis requires few metabolites and enzyme reactions, it appears to have a more complex metabolic regulation. Trehalose biosynthesis in bacteria is known through three pathways - OtsAB, TreYZ and TreS. The interconnections of in vivo synthesis of trehalose, glycogen or maltose were most interesting to investigate in recent years. Further, enzymes at different nodes (glucose-6-P, glucose-1-P and NDP-glucose) of metabolic pathways influence enhancement of trehalose accumulation. Most of the study of trehalose biosynthesis was explored in medically significant Mycobacterium, research model Escherichia coli, industrially applicable Corynebacterium and food and probiotic interest Propionibacterium freudenreichii. Therefore, the present review dealt with the trehalose metabolism in these bacteria. In addition, an effort was made to recognize how enzymes at different nodes of metabolic pathway can influence trehalose accumulation.
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| 12. |
- Zhang, Fan, et al.
(author)
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A Review of Single Artificial Neural Network Models for Electricity Spot Price Forecasting
- 2019
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In: European Energy Market 2019.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electricity price forecasting plays a crucial role in a liberalized electricity market. In terms of forecasting approaches, computational intelligence based models have been widely used with respect to electricity price forecasting and among all computation intelligence based models, artificial neural networks are most popular among researchers due to their flexibility and efficiency in handling complexity and non-linearity. However, a review of recent applications of neural networks for electricity price forecasting is not found in the literature. The motivation of this paper is to fill this research gap. In this study, existing approaches are analyzed and a summary of the strengths and weaknesses of each approach is presented. Besides, each neural network model is briefly summarized, followed by reviews of the corresponding studies of each neural network with respect to electricity forecasting from year 2010 onwards. Major contributions, datasets adopted as well as the corresponding experiment results are analyzed for each reviewed study. Apart from the review of existing studies, the advantages and disadvantages of each type of neural network model are discussed in details. Compared with neural networks based hybrid models, a single neural network model is easier to be implemented, less complex and more efficient. Scope of the review is the application of non-hybrid neural network models. It is found that most literature focuses on short term electricity price forecasting while medium and long term forecasting still remain relatively uncovered.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Hu, Lin, et al.
(author)
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A study on energy distribution strategy of electric vehicle hybrid energy storage system considering driving style based on real urban driving data
- 2022
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In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0690 .- 1364-0321. ; 162
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper proposes a novel energy distribution optimization method of hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and its improved semi-active topology for electric vehicles (EVs) to further reduce battery capacity degradation and energy loss. Compared with the traditional HESS semi-active topology, the proposed improved topology reduces the energy loss when the battery charges the supercapacitor (SC) to further enhance the efficiency of the system. The real urban driving data of electric vehicles are collected through experiments and divided into aggressive type, cautious type and standard type according to driving style. Based on the mature multi-mode control (MMC), different weight coefficients are assigned to the two optimization objectives of battery capacity degradation and energy loss based on different driving styles, and gray wolf optimization (GWO) is used to optimize the battery output power upper limit and SC charging upper limit of MMC. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional MMC and semi-active topology, the battery capacity degradation and energy loss are improved under different driving styles. In addition, by further analyzing the simulation results, the research direction of HESS energy distribution strategy in the future is discussed.
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| 17. |
- Li, Chunlin, et al.
(author)
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A model for simulation of the failure of brittle rocks
- 1993
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In: Safety and environmental issues in rock engineering / EUROCK '93, Lisboa, Portugal. - : Balkema Publishers, A.A. / Taylor & Francis The Netherlands. - 905410340X ; , s. 143-150
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 18. |
- Dong, Xiuqin, et al.
(author)
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The effect of exposure time on maximum acceptable dose for avoidance of ultraviolet radiation-induced cataract
- 2005
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In: Ophthalmic Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0030-3747 .- 1423-0259. ; 37:4, s. 197-201
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of exposure time on maximum acceptable dose (MAD) for avoidance of ultraviolet radiation B (UVRB)-induced cataract was investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 exposure time groups: 7.5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. Each exposure time group was divided into 5 dose subgroups: 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 kJ/m2. The rats were unilaterally exposed to UVR around 300 nm. One week after the exposure, macroscopic structure was recorded and lens forward light scattering was measured. MAD for avoidance of UVRB-induced cataract was estimated based on the dose-response function. MAD for avoidance of UVRB-induced cataract for 7.5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min exposures was estimated to be 2.0, 1.4, 1.9, 1.8 and 2.2 kJ/m2, respectively. In the exposure time domain 7.5-120 min, MAD for avoidance of UVRB-induced cataract depends on exposure time.
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| 19. |
- Li, Chun-Mei, et al.
(author)
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Physical mechanism of delta-delta '-epsilon phase stability in plutonium
- 2017
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Based on first-principle calculations, we have systematically explored the nature of the elastic stability and the delta-delta'-epsilon phase transitions in pure Pu at high temperature. It is found that, both the electronphonon coupling and the spin fluctuation effects tend to decrease the tetragonal elastic constant (C') of delta-Pu, accounting for its anomalous softening at high temperature. The lattice thermal expansion together with the electron-phonon coupling can stiffen C' of epsilon-Pu, promoting its mechanical stability at high temperature. The delta-epsilon transition is calculated to take place around 750-800 K, and is dominated by the phonon vibration. The delta' intermediate phase is realized around 750 K mainly because of the thermal spin fluctuation.
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| 20. |
- Magyar-Sumegi, Zsofia Dina, et al.
(author)
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Acute neuroendocrine changes after traumatic brain injury
- 2024
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In: Brain & spine. - : Elsevier. - 2772-5294. ; 4
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Post-traumatic hypopituitarism (PTHP) is a significant, but often neglected consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI).RESEARCH QUESTION: We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features and diagnostic approaches of PTHP.MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched. 45 articles of human studies evaluating acute endocrine changes following mild, moderate and severe TBI were selected.RESULTS: Severity of TBI seems to be the most important risk factor of PTHP. Adrenal insufficiency (AI) was present in 10% of TBI patients (prevalence can be as high as 50% after severe TBI), and hypocortisolemia is a predictor of mortality and long-term hypopituitarism. Suppression of the thyroid axis in 2-33% of TBI patients may be an independent predictor of adverse neurological outcome, as well. 9-36% of patients with severe TBI exhibit decreased function of the somatotrophic axis with a divergent effect on the central nervous system. Arginine-Vasopressin (AVP) deficiency is present in 15-51% of patients, associated with increased mortality and unfavorable outcome. Due to shear and injury of the stalk hyperprolactinemia is relatively common (2-50%), but it bears little clinical significance. Sex hormone levels remain within normal values.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: PTHP occurs frequently after TBI, affecting various axis and determining patients' outcome. However, evidence is scarce regarding exact epidemiology, diagnosis, and effective clinical application of hormone substitution. Future studies are needed to identify patients at-risk, determine the optimal timing for endocrine testing, and refine diagnostic and treatment approaches to improve outcome.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Polazzo, Francesco, et al.
(author)
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Combined effects of heatwaves and micropollutants on freshwater ecosystems : Towards an integrated assessment of extreme events in multiple stressors research
- 2022
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In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 28:4, s. 1248-1267
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Freshwater ecosystems are strongly influenced by weather extremes such as heatwaves (HWs), which are predicted to increase in frequency and magnitude in the future. In addition to these climate extremes, the freshwater realm is impacted by the exposure to various classes of chemicals emitted by anthropogenic activities. Currently, there is limited knowledge on how the combined exposure to HWs and chemicals affects the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Here, we review the available literature describing the single and combined effects of HWs and chemicals on different levels of biological organization, to obtain a holistic view of their potential interactive effects. We only found a few studies (13 out of the 61 studies included in this review) that investigated the biological effects of HWs in combination with chemical pollution. The reported interactive effects of HWs and chemicals varied largely not only within the different trophic levels but also depending on the studied endpoints for populations or individuals. Hence, owing also to the little number of studies available, no consistent interactive effects could be highlighted at any level of biological organization. Moreover, we found an imbalance towards single species and population experiments, with only five studies using a multitrophic approach. This results in a knowledge gap for relevant community and ecosystem level endpoints, which prevents the exploration of important indirect effects that can compromise food web stability. Moreover, this knowledge gap impairs the validity of chemical risk assessments and our ability to protect ecosystems. Finally, we highlight the urgency of integrating extreme events into multiple stressors studies and provide specific recommendations to guide further experimental research in this regard.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Wamala, S. P, et al.
(author)
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Trends in absolute socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in Sweden and New Zealand. A 20-year gender perspective
- 2006
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In: BMC Public Health. - Swedish Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. Wellington Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand. : BMC. - 1471-2458. ; 6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Both trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality, and cross-country comparisons, may give more information about the causes of health inequalities. We analysed trends in socioeconomic differentials by mortality from early 1980s to late 1990s, comparing Sweden with New Zealand. Methods: The New Zealand Census Mortality Study (NZCMS) consisting of over 2 million individuals and the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions (ULF) comprising over 100, 000 individuals were used for analyses. Education and household income were used as measures of socioeconomic position (SEP). The slope index of inequality (SII) was calculated to estimate absolute inequalities in mortality. Analyses were based on 3 - 5 year follow-up and limited to individuals aged 25 - 77 years. Age standardised mortality rates were calculated using the European population standard. Results: Absolute inequalities in mortality on average over the 1980s and 1990s for both men and women by education were similar in Sweden and New Zealand, but by income were greater in Sweden. Comparing trends in absolute inequalities over the 1980s and 1990s, men's absolute inequalities by education decreased by 66% in Sweden and by 17% in New Zealand ( p for trend < 0.01 in both countries). Women's absolute inequalities by education decreased by 19% in Sweden ( p = 0.03) and by 8% in New Zealand ( p = 0.53). Men's absolute inequalities by income decreased by 51% in Sweden ( p for trend = 0.06), but increased by 16% in New Zealand ( p = 0.13). Women's absolute inequalities by income increased in both countries: 12% in Sweden ( p = 0.03) and 21% in New Zealand ( p = 0.04). Conclusion: Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality were clearly most favourable for men in Sweden. Trends also seemed to be more favourable for men than women in New Zealand. Assuming the trends in male inequalities in Sweden were not a statistical chance finding, it is not clear what the substantive reason(s) was for the pronounced decrease. Further gender comparisons are required.
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| 25. |
- Browning, Michael, et al.
(author)
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Using an Experimental Medicine Model to Explore Combination Effects of Pharmacological and Cognitive Interventions for Depression and Anxiety
- 2011
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In: Neuropsychopharmacology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0893-133X .- 1740-634X. ; 36:13, s. 2689-2697
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive therapies are effective in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Previous research suggests that both forms of treatments may work by altering cognitive biases in the processing of affective information. The current study assessed the effects of combining an SSRI with a cognitive intervention on measures of affective processing bias and resilience to external challenge. A total of 62 healthy participants were randomly assigned to receive either 7 days of citalopram (20 mg) or placebo capsules while also completing either an active or a control version of a computerized cognitive bias training task. After treatment, standard measures of affective processing bias were collected. Participants' resilience to external stress was also tested by measuring the increase in negative symptoms induced by a negative mood induction. Participants who received both citalopram and the active cognitive bias training task showed a smaller alteration in emotional memory and categorization bias than did those who received either active intervention singly. The degree to which memory for negative information was altered by citalopram predicted participants' resistance to the negative mood induction. These results suggest that co-administration of an SSRI and a cognitive training intervention can reduce the effectiveness of either treatment alone in terms of anxiety-and depression-relevant emotional processing. More generally, the findings suggest that pinpointing the cognitive actions of treatments may inform future development of combination strategies in mental health. Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 36, 2689-2697; doi: 10.1038/npp.2011.159; published online 10 August 2011
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-
(author)
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Use-Oriented Information and Knowledge Management : Information Production and Use Practices as an Element of the Value and Impact of Information
- 2019
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In: Journal of Information & Knowledge Management. - : World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd. - 0219-6492 .- 1793-6926. ; 18:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a broad consensus that better models for assessing the impact of information efforts are needed to inform information and knowledge management and digital preservation. In contrast to measuring the quality of information, less attention has been directed to the assessment of knowledge and information processes as its constituent. Using archaeology and archaeological information as a sample context, the aim of this conceptual paper is to probe in to the evaluation of the impact and usefulness of information by taking into account the practices of how it is produced, managed and used. On a basis of a review and discussion of earlier literature on the impact of information and evaluation and management of information in archaeology, it is proposed that a better understanding of how the impact of information unfolds as a part of its production, management and use could contribute to the development of infrastructures, repositories and procedures for the management of the preservation and use of these resources.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Kotak, R., et al.
(author)
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Dust and The Type II-Plateau Supernova 2004et
- 2009
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In: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 704:1, s. 306-323
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present mid-infrared (MIR) observations of the Type II-plateau supernova (SN) 2004et, obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope between 64 and 1406 days past explosion. Late-time optical spectra are also presented. For the period 300-795 days past explosion, we argue that the spectral energy distribution (SED) of SN 2004et comprises (1) a hot component due to emission from optically thick gas, as well as free-bound radiation; (2) a warm component due to newly formed, radioactively heated dust in the ejecta; and (3) a cold component due to an IR echo from the interstellar-medium dust of the host galaxy, NGC 6946. There may also have been a small contribution to the IR SED due to free-free emission from ionized gas in the ejecta. We reveal the first-ever spectroscopic evidence for silicate dust formed in the ejecta of a supernova. This is supported by our detection of a large, but progressively declining, mass of SiO. However, we conclude that the mass of directly detected ejecta dust grew to no more than a few times 10-4 M sun. We also provide evidence that the ejecta dust formed in comoving clumps of fixed size. We argue that, after about two years past explosion, the appearance of wide, box-shaped optical line profiles was due to the impact of the ejecta on the progenitor circumstellar medium and that the subsequent formation of a cool, dense shell was responsible for a later rise in the MIR flux. This study demonstrates the rich, multifaceted ways in which a typical core-collapse supernova and its progenitor can produce and/or interact with dust grains. The work presented here adds to the growing number of studies that do not support the contention that SNe are responsible for the large mass of observed dust in high-redshift galaxies.
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| 30. |
- Schmidt, Tobias, et al.
(author)
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Synovial monocytes contribute to chronic inflammation in childhood-onset arthritis via IL-6/STAT signalling and cell-cell interactions
- 2023
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In: Frontiers in Immunology. - 1664-3224. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Monocytes are key effector cells in inflammatory processes. We and others have previously shown that synovial monocytes in childhood-onset arthritis are activated. However, very little is known about how they contribute to disease and attain their pathological features. Therefore, we set out to investigate the functional alterations of synovial monocytes in childhood-onset arthritis, how they acquire this phenotype, and whether these mechanisms could be used to tailorize treatment.METHODS: The function of synovial monocytes was analysed by assays believed to reflect key pathological events, such as T-cell activation-, efferocytosis- and cytokine production assays using flow cytometry in untreated oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (oJIA) patients (n=33). The effect of synovial fluid on healthy monocytes was investigated through mass spectrometry and functional assays. To characterize pathways induced by synovial fluid, we utilized broad-spectrum phosphorylation assays and flow cytometry, as well as inhibitors to block specific pathways. Additional effects on monocytes were studied through co-cultures with fibroblast-like synoviocytes or migration in transwell systems.RESULTS: Synovial monocytes display functional alterations with inflammatory and regulatory features, e.g., increased ability to induce T-cell activation, resistance to cytokine production following activation with LPS and increased efferocytosis. In vitro, synovial fluid from patients induced the regulatory features in healthy monocytes, such as resistance to cytokine production and increased efferocytosis. IL-6/JAK/STAT signalling was identified as the main pathway induced by synovial fluid, which also was responsible for a majority of the induced features. The magnitude of synovial IL-6 driven activation in monocytes was reflected in circulating cytokine levels, reflecting two groups of low vs. high local and systemic inflammation. Remaining features, such as an increased ability to induce T-cell activation and markers of antigen presentation, could be induced by cell-cell interactions, specifically via co-culture with fibroblast-like synoviocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Synovial monocytes in childhood-onset arthritis are functionally affected and contribute to chronic inflammation, e.g., via promoting adaptive immune responses. These data support a role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of oJIA and highlight a group of patients more likely to benefit from targeting the IL-6/JAK/STAT axis to restore synovial homeostasis.
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| 31. |
- Taneera, Jalal, et al.
(author)
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Reduced Expression of Chl1 gene Impairs Insulin Secretion by Down-Regulating the Expression of Key Molecules of β-cell Function
- 2021
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In: Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0947-7349 .- 1439-3646. ; 129:12, s. 864-872
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Silencing of Chl1 gene expression has been previously reported to reduce insulin secretion. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. In this study, we performed a serial of studies to investigate how Chl1 affects insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. RNA-sequencing was used to investigate the expression of CHL1 in human adipose, liver, muscle, and human islets. Silencing of Chl1 in INS-1 cells was done to assess its impact on the insulin secretion, content, cell viability, and apoptosis. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify possible molecular signatures that associate with Chl1 expression silencing. RNA sequencing data revealed a high expression of CHL1 in pancreatic islets and adipose tissues compared to liver and muscles tissues. Diabetic islets exhibited a lower expression of CHL1 as compared to non-diabetic islets. CHL1 expression was found to correlate positively with insulin secretory index, GLP1R but inversely with HbA 1cand BMI. Silencing of Chl1 in INS-1 cells markedly reduced insulin content and secretion. The expression of key molecules of β-cell function including Insulin, Pdx1, Gck, Glut2, and Insrβ was down-regulated in Chl1 -silenced cells at transcriptional and translational levels. Cell viability, apoptosis, and proliferation rate were not affected. GSEA showed that the insulin-signaling pathway was influenced in Chl1 -silenced cells. Silencing of Chl1 impairs β-cell function by disrupting the activity of key signaling pathways of importance for insulin biosynthesis and secretion.
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| 32. |
- Xu, Xin, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Nanostructure and mechanical properties of duplex stainless steels 25Cr-7Ni and 22Cr-5Ni (wt.%) aged at 325 oC
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The nanoscale concentration fluctuations due to phase separation (PS) and the corresponding mechanical property changes of duplex stainless steels, standard grade 2205 and super grade 2507, during aging at 325 oC up to 6000 h have been studied. The nanostructure characterization is performed using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and the microstructure, including fracture surface and cross-section, is investigated by scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. The results show that the kinetics of phase separation (PS) in grade 2507 is faster than that in grade 2205, leading to greater hardening and deterioration in toughness for grade 2507 compared to 2205. The evolution of nanostructure in the ferrite changes the deformation mode from the original ductile fracture to a quasi-cleavage type where deformation twins form in the hardened ferrite. Delamination, grain fragmentation and plastic deformation of the austenite are suggested to dissipate most of the energy absorbed by the crack during brittle fracture.
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| 33. |
- Yang, Wenxing, et al.
(author)
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A key discovery at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface : slow local charge compensation and a reversible electric field
- 2015
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In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 17:26, s. 16744-16751
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO2 films have been widely applied in energy and environmental science related research fields. The interaction between accumulated electrons inside TiO2 and cations in the surrounding electrolyte at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface is, however, still poorly understood. This interaction is undoubtedly important for both device performance and fundamental understanding. In the present study, Stark effects of an organic dye, LEG4, adsorbed on TiO2 were well characterized and used as a probe to monitor the local electric field at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface. By using time-resolved photo- and potential-induced absorption techniques, we found evidence for a slow (t > 0.1 s) local charge compensation mechanism, which follows electron accumulation inside the mesoporous TiO2. This slow local compensation was attributed to the penetration of cations from the electrolyte into the adsorbed dye layer, leading to a more localized charge compensation of the electrons inside TiO2. Importantly, when the electrons inside TiO2 were extracted, a remarkable reversal of the surface electric field was observed for the first time, which is attributed to the penetrated and/or adsorbed cations now being charge compensated by anions in the bulk electrolyte. A cation electrosorption model is developed to account for the overall process. These findings give new insights into the mesoporous TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface and the electron-cation interaction mechanism. Electrosorbed cations are proposed to act as electrostatic trap states for electrons in the mesoporous TiO2 electrode.
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| 34. |
- Zhang, K, et al.
(author)
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A MUC1 mucin secreted from a colon carcinoma cell line inhibits target cell lysis by natural killer cells.
- 1997
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In: Cellular immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-8749. ; 176:2, s. 158-65
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of two secreted mucin-type glycoproteins on natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity against K562 target cells has been studied. These mucins carry the carcinoma-associated sialyl-Lewis a carbohydrate epitopes and were purified from the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line COLO 205 secretions, where they lack their cytoplasmic parts. The larger one has an apoprotein encoded by the MUC1 gene, and the smaller one has CD43 (leukosialin) as the core protein. The purified MUC1 mucin could inhibit the target cell lysis by NK cells in a dose-response-dependent way, whereas other mucin domains of similar size showed no inhibition. The second mucin, CD43, inhibited lysis by NK cells, although less than the larger one. The MUC1 mucin bound to the enriched natural killer cell preparations in a partial Ca2+-dependent way as well. This mucin also bound to the target cells. The K562 cells, normally expressing high amount of CD43, showed an increased resistance to lysis by NK cells when transfected with MUC1 cDNA compared with nontransfected cells. One can speculate that mucins secreted or expressed in the plasma membrane of cancer cells could interfere with NK cell-mediated lysis.
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| 35. |
- Zhao, Jingcheng
(author)
-
Bloody big data : ensuring the health of blood donors and transfused patients with health registers
- 2021
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Blood transfusion is widely considered a pillar of modern medicine and is one of the most common medical interventions. A transfusion intimately links two persons and their health through the altruism of blood donors. In turn, this has necessitated the development of rigorous safety measures for both donors and recipients. Hemovigilance is the systematic surveillance of adverse events in the entire blood supply chain, stretching from blood donation to transfusion and follow-up care. Although transfusion safety has dramatically improved in recent decades, especially in regard to transfusion-transmitted infections, there are still evidence gaps for many aspects of blood donation and transfusion safety. This thesis explores several aspects of current controversies in both blood donation and transfusion safety and proposes a ‘big-data’ approach to hemovigilance with the use of data from electronic healthcare records and health registers, and provides a data-driven method for calculating longitudinal transfusion costs. In Study I, we constructed a new nationwide research database that encompasses all electronically recorded blood donations, transfusions, blood donors, transfused patients, and persons with a blood typing result in Sweden. The database is the Swedish portion of the third iteration of the Scandinavian Donations and Transfusions (SCANDAT3-S) database and contains data spanning from 1968 to 2018 for more than 8 million persons, over 21 million transfusion records, and over 300 million laboratory results. This database is one of the largest and most comprehensive research databases for blood donation and transfusion research and served as the main data source for the other studies in this thesis. In Study II, we followed up on studies that have observed CD4+ T-cell counts below 200 cells/μl, a level typically indicating AIDS, among frequent platelet donors. This is believed to be caused by frequent leukocyte depletion through the use of widely-used instruments equipped with so-called Leukoreduction System (LRS) chambers. However, it is unknown if this leads to clinically relevant immunosuppression. We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 74,408 platelet and plasmapheresis donors between 1996 and 2017 and observed an increased, donation frequency-dependent hazard ratio (HR) for both immunosuppression-related and common bacterial infections. For a subcohort, we replicated an association between donation frequency and low CD4+ T-cell counts. Together, these findings suggest that frequent platelet donation utilizing the LRS chamber is associated with both T-cell lymphopenia and an increased risk of infections. In Study III, we aimed to investigate possible transfusion-transmission of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). CAA is an amyloid-β pathology that co-occurs with Alzheimer’s disease in 80% of cases and is a common cause of multiple spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH). Previous studies have demonstrated human-to-human transmission of CAA through peripheral injection of contaminated cadaveric pituitary hormone, but it is unknown if it is transmissible by blood transfusions. Because CAA is rarely diagnosed routinely and would not be frequently registered in health registers, we instead studied possible transfusion-transmission of spontaneous ICH suggestive of CAA. In a binational cohort study of 1,089,370 red-cell recipients between 1970 and 2017, patients that received blood from a donor that subsequently developed multiple spontaneous ICH were associated with an increased hazard ratio for developing spontaneous ICH themselves. This was observed independently in both the Swedish (HR, 2.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72 to 4.35) and Danish cohort (HR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.04 to 5.19), after adjusting for known confounders. This association was not observed for ischemic stroke, which is associated with many of the same risk factors as spontaneous ICH but not with CAA. These findings support possible transfusion-transmission of CAA, but other explanations should not be rejected without further mechanistic studies. In Study IV, we assessed if blood donor sex and parity affected the survival of adult patients transfused with red-cells. Antibodies produced during pregnancy in blood donors have been associated with transfusion-related acute lung injury in recipients and led to the use of predominantly male donor plasma, in some regions also platelets. However, data on red-cell transfusions have been contradictory. Some, but not all, observational studies have found increased mortality among recipients of female donors, parous donors, and sex-mismatched transfusions. We conducted a nationwide study of 368,778 adult patients transfused with red-cells between 2010 and 2018. We demonstrated that donor sex and parity were distributed as-if randomized and constituted a natural experiment. However, female blood donors had lower hemoglobin counts and their units were less efficacious, creating a phenomenon known as treatment-confounder feedback that causes bias in standard regression models. Using inverse probability weighting to mitigate bias due to treatment-confounder feedback, we exploited the natural experiment to emulate a randomized controlled trial. We found no difference in 2-year overall survival comparing transfusions from female to male donor red-cells only (-0.1%; 95% CI, -1.3 to 1.1%) and parous female to male donor red-cells only (0.3%; 95% CI, -0.6 to 1.2%), nor in any subgroup defined by patient sex and age. Comparatively lower hemoglobin counts among female donors is a previously unrecognized source of bias and may help explain the diverging results from previous studies. In Study V, we calculated longitudinal transfusion costs for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) stratified by disease severity defined using the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R). Transfusion costs included the acquisition cost of blood products, labor costs for nurses, cost for consumables, and costs for laboratory testing. We constructed algorithms to calculate cost based on incident data on blood transfusions and laboratory testing. These algorithms accounted for whether transfusions were administered in an inpatient or outpatient setting, that the first transfusion requires longer administration time than subsequent transfusions, needs for cross-matching, and high patient mortality. In 2018 US dollars, transfusion costs after 4 years ranged from $8805 (95% CI, $6482 to $11,625) in the very low IPSS-R category to $80,106 (95% CI, $61,460 to $95,792) in the very high IPSS-R category.
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| 36. |
- Zhou, X.-L., et al.
(author)
-
Germline mutations in the MYH gene in Swedish familial and sporadic colorectal cancer
- 2005
-
In: Genetic Testing. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1090-6576 .- 1557-7473. ; 9:2, s. 147-151
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biallelic germline mutations in the base excision repair gene MYH have been shown to predispose to a proportion of multiple colorectal adenomas and cancer. To evaluate the contribution of MYH mutations to non-FAP, non-HNPCC familial colorectal cancer, 84 unrelated Swedish individuals affected with colorectal cancer from such families were screened for germline mutations in the coding sequence of the gene. None of the cases was found to carry any pathogenic sequence change. We then determined the prevalence of the two most common pathogenic MYH mutations found in Caucasians, Y165C and G382D, in 450 Swedish sporadic colorectal cancer cases and 480 Swedish healthy controls. The frequency of both variants in Swedish cases and controls was similar to those previously reported. In addition, we found that previously unknown sequence variations at the position of amino acid 423 (R423Q, R423P, and R423R) appear to occur more frequently in cases than in controls (p = 0.02), a finding that warrants future studies. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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| 37. |
- Zhu, Yanlei, et al.
(author)
-
Deciphering the Unexpected Binding Capacity of the Third PDZ Domain of Whirlin to Various Cochlear Hair Cell Partners
- 2020
-
In: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 432:22, s. 5920-5937
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hearing is a mechanical and neurochemical process, which occurs in the hair cells of inner ear that converts the sound vibrations into electrical signals transmitted to the brain. The multi-PDZ scaffolding protein whirlin plays a critical role in the formation and function of stereocilia exposed at the surface of hair cells. In this article, we reported seven stereociliary proteins that encode PDZ binding motifs (PBM) and interact with whirlin PDZ3, where four of them are first reported. We solved the atomic resolution structures of complexes between whirlin PDZ3 and the PBMs of myosin 15a, CASK, harmonin a1 and taperin. Interestingly, the PBM of CASK and taperin are rare non-canonical PBM, which are not localized at the extreme C terminus. This large capacity to accommodate various partners could be related to the distinct functions of whirlin at different stages of the hair cell development. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 38. |
- An, Junxue, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of solvent quality and chain density on normal and frictional forces between electrostatically anchored thermoresponsive diblock copolymer layers
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Academic Press. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 487, s. 88-96
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Equilibration in adsorbing polymer systems can be very slow, leading to different physical properties at a given condition depending on the pathway that was used to reach this state. Here we explore this phenomenon using a diblock copolymer consisting of a cationic anchor block and a thermoresponsive block of poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline), PIPOZ. We find that at a given temperature different polymer chain densities at the silica surface are achieved depending on the previous temperature history. We explore how this affects surface and friction forces between such layers using the atomic force microscope colloidal probe technique. The surface forces are purely repulsive at temperatures <40 °C. A local force minimum at short separation develops at 40 °C and a strong attraction due to capillary condensation of a polymer-rich phase is observed close to the bulk phase separation temperature. The friction forces decrease in the cooling stage due to rehydration of the PIPOZ chain. A consequence of the adsorption hysteresis is that the friction forces measured at 25 °C are significantly lower after exposure to a temperature of 40 °C than prior to heating, which is due to higher polymer chain density on the surface after heating.
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| 39. |
- Belle, Simon
(author)
-
Reconstruction of Past Dynamics of Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria in Lake Sediments Using a Quantitative PCR Method: Connecting Past Environmental Changes and Microbial Community
- 2019
-
In: Geomicrobiology Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0149-0451 .- 1521-0529. ; 36, s. 570-579
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study, a quantitative PCR (qPCR) method was applied to amplify ancient DNA (aDNA) of different methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) types in lake sediments and to reconstruct microbial community dynamics over the last 1200 years. We also used reconstructions of in-lake nutrients concentrations, air temperature fluctuations, and sedimentary organic matter dynamics to study impacts of past environmental and climatic changes on MOB community composition. DNA preservation in lake sediments is sufficient, and qPCR amplification was successfully applied to the analysis of MOB aDNA. Temporal changes in MOB community showed different patterns between lakes, and drivers of past MOB dynamics slightly differed between lakes and among MOB groups. Overall, MOB developments were generally correlated to proxies of organic matter quality/quantity and climate data. Moreover, our results could emphasize the importance of nutrients availability in structuring MOB community, and the higher ability of MOB type 2 to access nutrients under nitrogen/nutrients limited conditions. Therefore, our study provides an operational and time-effective method to reconstruct past CH4 oxidation in lakes and could help to identify the driving factors of past temporal dynamics of MOB community.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Huang, Peng, et al.
(author)
-
Molecular basis for human aquaporin inhibition
- 2024
-
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 1091-6490. ; 121:7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancer invasion and metastasis are known to be potentiated by the expression of aquaporins (AQPs). Likewise, the expression levels of AQPs have been shown to be prognostic for survival in patients and have a role in tumor growth, edema, angiogenesis, and tumor cell migration. Thus, AQPs are key players in cancer biology and potential targets for drug development. Here, we present the single-particle cryo-EM structure of human AQP7 at 3.2-Å resolution in complex with the specific inhibitor compound Z433927330. The structure in combination with MD simulations shows that the inhibitor binds to the endofacial side of AQP7. In addition, cancer cells treated with Z433927330 show reduced proliferation. The data presented here serve as a framework for the development of AQP inhibitors.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Lin, Li-Li, et al.
(author)
-
Formation and electronic transport properties of bimolecular junctions based on aromatic coupling
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 22:32, s. 325102-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A systematic first-principles study on conductance-voltage characteristics of bi-(quasi) oligo(phenylene ethynylene)-monothiol molecular junctions reported by Wu et al (2008 Nat. Nanotechnol. 3 569) is presented. The so-called ortho-and para-conformations of the bimolecular junction are considered. Our calculation indicates that the bimolecular junction prefers to take the ortho-conformation because of its lower energy. The simulation supports the experimental findings that aromatic coupling between two molecules is strong enough to induce the formation of molecular junctions. By comparing with experimental results, structure parameters for a probable bimolecular junction are determined. The underlying mechanism for formation of the bimolecular junction and its electron transport is discussed.
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| 44. |
- Liu, Sichao, et al.
(author)
-
Multimodal Data-Driven Robot Control for Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly
- 2022
-
In: Journal of manufacturing science and engineering. - : ASME International. - 1087-1357 .- 1528-8935. ; 144:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In human-robot collaborative assembly, leveraging multimodal commands for intuitive robot control remains a challenge from command translation to efficient collaborative operations. This article investigates multimodal data-driven robot control for human-robot collaborative assembly. Leveraging function blocks, a programming-free human-robot interface is designed to fuse multimodal human commands that accurately trigger defined robot control modalities. Deep learning is explored to develop a command classification system for low-latency and high-accuracy robot control, in which a spatial-temporal graph convolutional network is developed for a reliable and accurate translation of brainwave command phrases into robot commands. Then, multimodal data-driven high-level robot control during assembly is facilitated by the use of event-driven function blocks. The high-level commands serve as triggering events to algorithms execution of fine robot manipulation and assembly feature-based collaborative assembly. Finally, a partial car engine assembly deployed to a robot team is chosen as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed system.
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| 45. |
- Lu, Xiaohua, et al.
(author)
-
Thermodynamic mechanism of complex fluids-solids interfacial interaction
- 2019
-
In: Huagong Xuebao/CIESC Journal. - : Materials China. - 0438-1157. ; 70:10, s. 3677-3689
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interfacial transfer at mesoscale is a common issue for all the multi-phase chemical processes, and the related study remains as a scientific challenge due to the complexities. Investigating the interfacial interactions at mesoscale to find out the regulation strategies is the key to realize process-intensification of mass-transfer and reaction for the advanced chemical industries. To accurately describe the behavior of fluids at the interface, a new molecular thermodynamic model that can describe the complex fluid-solid interface interaction. When the molecular thermodynamic modeling method is extended to the nano-micro interfacial transfer needs to be developed, calling for the coordination of advanced experiments at nano-micro scale and molecular with molocular thermodynamic modelling. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), which possess the sensitivity down to nanoscale, can directly obtain the interfacial interaction at nano-micro scale. The quantification of AFM-measured forces can be used to construct the coarse-grained molecular model and describe complex interfacial interaction. Then, the coarse-grained molecular model can reveal the molecular thermodynamic mechanism of nano- and micro- interface transfer, realizing quantitative prediction.
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| 46. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
-
Synthesis and characterization of the tellurium/calcium silicate nanocomposite
- 2011
-
In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 65:3, s. 424-426
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel tellurium/calcium silicate nanocomposite with tellurium nanorods homogeneously dispersed in the calcium silicate matrix has been successfully synthesized using corresponding tellurium nanorods, Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O, and Na2SiO3 center dot 9H(2)O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 48 h. The new material consists of a single crystalline Te core and an amorphous calcium silicate shell. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The method is simple and does not need any surfactant or template or base. Cytotoxicity experiments indicated that the tellurium/calcium silicate nanocomposites with a low concentration had good biocompatibility. This nanocomposite is a very promising candidate for the application as bioactive materials.
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| 47. |
- Nagashima, Miyuki, et al.
(author)
-
International climate agreements under induced technological change
- 2011
-
In: Metroeconomica. - : Wiley. - 0026-1386 .- 1467-999X. ; 62:4, s. 612-634
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examine the impact of technological change on the stability of climate coalitions and explore how international cooperation on abatement affects the incentives of signatories to invest in R&D to reduce emissions. We compare the case of no technological change with exogenous technological change and induced technological change. In the latter case R&D investments are endogenous. We find that the highest equilibrium pay-offs are achieved in the case of induced technological change. Furthermore, the formation of a climate coalition boosts R&D investments in carbon abatement technologies in signatory countries.
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| 48. |
- Nimar, Gustaf, et al.
(author)
-
Practical experience in building an agent system for semantics-based provision and selection of Grid services
- 2006
-
In: Parallel Processing And Applied Mathematics. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 3540341412 ; , s. 278-287
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present our practical experience in implementing an agent-based system for provision and selection of Grid services. The agents form a marketplace where services are offered and searched. Agents communicate semantic information about services using OWL-S. We describe our implementation that is built on Globus Toolkit 3, the JADE agent framework and an OWL-S toolkit. This combination of technologies can be used for more sophisticated agent-based services, such as automatic composition of services. We illustrate and evaluate our framework using a simple example, yet without loosing generality. Our preliminary evaluation captures the relative costs of different stages during service provision and selection, and detects potential bottlenecks.
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| 49. |
- Qian, Hong, et al.
(author)
-
Contribution of {alpha}6-integrins to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homing to bone marrow and collaboration with {alpha}4-integrins.
- 2006
-
In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 107:Jan 26, s. 3503-3510
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The laminin receptor integrin alpha 6 chain is ubiquitously expressed in human and mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We have studied its role for homing of stem and progenitor cells to mouse hematopoietic tissues In vivo. A function-blocking anti-integrin alpha 6 antibody significantly reduced progenitor cell homing to bone marrow (BM) of lethally irradiated mice, with a corresponding retention of progenitors in blood. Remarkably, the anti-integrin alpha 6 antibody profoundly inhibited BM homing of long-term multilineage engrafting stem cells, studied by competitive repopulation assay and analysis of donor-derived lymphocytes and myeloid cells in blood 16 weeks after transplantation. A similar profound inhibition of long-term stem cell homing was obtained by using a function-blocking antibody against alpha 4 integrin, studied in parallel. Furthermore, the anti-integrin alpha 6 and alpha 4 antibodies synergistically inhibited homing of short-term repopulating stem cells. Intravenous injection of anti-integrin alpha 6 antibodies, in contrast to antibodies against alpha 4 integrin, did not mobilize progenitors or enhance cytokine-induced mobilization by G-CSF. Our results provide the first evidence for a distinct functional role of integrin alpha 6 receptor during hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homing and collaboration of alpha 6 integrin with alpha 4 integrin receptors during homing of short-term stem cells.
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| 50. |
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