| 51. |
- Grosse, Julia, 1982-
(author)
-
Kommer tid kommer tillit? : Unga vuxnas och medelålders erfarenheter
- 2012
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Even though Sweden is considered a high trust society, research on this topic is primarily based on a few standardized survey questions. It is also known that there is a robust pattern of less trustful young people compared to older ones. Still, a satisfactory explanation of this fact is lacking. Thus, the first aim of this dissertation is to map trust among young adults and middle-aged individuals. The second aim is to examine by which factors and in what way different dimensions of trust are determined, focusing on individuals’ life course and consequently experiences. Analytical principles from the life course tradition are used as a theoretical framework.Data is derived from a Swedish cross-sectional nationally representative postal survey on trust, and qualitative interviews using a mixed-methods approach.A multi-dimensional concept of trust is suggested. Participants report relatively high levels of trust in known and unknown people, confidence in institutions, normative notions of trust, security, and trustful behaviour. Trust also seems to be structured according to a closeness principle. Young adults display lower trust levels in general. However, in some respects the pattern is reversed, particularly regarding domains they are expected to be more familiar with.Contrary to the well-established idea of generalised trust derived from predispositions and primary socialization, and particularised trust originating from experiences in adulthood, the results of this study suggest that unique combinations of factors, both individual characteristics and experiences, might explain each of the different dimensions. Often there is a sphere-specific relationship between experiences and later trust, i.e. experiences from one sphere of life seem to exclusively affect trust within the same sphere. It is suggested that as people grow older they accumulate what is called experience capital, which might benefit trust and contribute to an explanation of the age differences.
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| 52. |
- Gustafsson, Nils, et al.
(author)
-
Medborgerligt engagemang på sociala medier
- 2022
-
In: Engagemangets gestaltningar : Insatser i och utanför civilsamhället - Insatser i och utanför civilsamhället. - 9789144143071 ; , s. 271-306
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vi lever i en tid som präglas av sociala mediers växande betydelse inom en lång rad områden, inte minst när det gäller medborgerligt engagemang. I detta kapitel skissar vi en översiktsbild av olika sätt att tänka kring sociala medier och medborgerligt engagemang, och ger också en kort inblick i vad medborgarundersökningen berättar om engagemang på sociala medier. Medborgerligt engagemang i sociala medier spelar en viktig roll för samhället. De sociala medierna utgör en infrastruktur för kommunikation och organisering som har blivit självklar inom många områden. De gör det lättare att engagera sig som individ i nätverk utan att ingå i formella organisationer. Samtidigt pekar forskning på att denna mer lösliga organisationsform kan leda både till snabbare och mer omfattande mobilisering, och till en begränsad uthållighet i engagemanget.
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| 53. |
- Haglund, Mia, et al.
(author)
-
Det tar tid! Uttröttande! Inspirerande! : En studie av Läroplan 2014 i gränssnittet mellan nationell utbildningspolitik och lokalt genomförande
- 2019
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Varje läroplan är ett barn av sin tid. Denna rapport tar sin utgångspunkt i en fortbildning vid Åbo Akademi för skolledare som handlade om implementeringen av Läroplan 2014. Ett centralt inslag i fortbildningen bestod i att deltagarna kartlade de egna lärarnas uppfattningar om olika faser av den lokala läroplansprocessen. Kartläggningen bestod av en enkät med öppna och slutna frågor. Tanken med detta förfarande var att när rektor har en god kännedom om lärarnas förhoppningar och farhågor bidrar detta till ett mer informerat och kvalificerat genomförande. Rapporten består av tre delar. I del 1 presenteras de teoretiska utgångspunkterna för enkätens frågeställningar, dess genomförande och vad respondenterna svarat. Därefter tolkas och diskuteras de kvalitativa och kvantitativa resultaten i ett skolledningsperspektiv. Det är slående att de samlade svaren är en tummelplats för i princip lika delar förförhoppningar och farhågor.
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| 54. |
- Hansson, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Mental health professionals’ attitudes towards people with mental illness : Do they differ from attitudes held by people with mental illness?
- 2011
-
In: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - London : Sage Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: Studies investigating mental health professionals' attitudes towards people with mental illness are scarce and there is a lack of comparative studies including both patients' and mental health professionals' attitudes. The aim of the present study was to investigate mental health staff's attitudes towards people with mental illness and compare these with the attitudes of patients in contact with mental health services. A further aim was to relate staff attitudes to demographic and work characteristics.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed including 140 staff and 141 patients. The study included a random sample of outpatients in contact with mental health services in the southern part of Sweden and staff working in these services. Attitudes were investigated using a questionnaire covering beliefs of devaluation and discrimination of people with a mental illness.RESULTS: Negative attitudes were prevalent among staff. Most negative attitudes concerned whether an employer would accept an application for work, willingness to date a person who had been hospitalized, and hiring a patient to take care of children. Staff treating patients with a psychosis or working in inpatient settings had the most negative attitudes. Patient attitudes were overall similar to staff attitudes and there were significant differences in only three out of 12 dimensions. Patients' most negative attitudes were in the same area as the staff's.CONCLUSIONS: This study points to the suggestion that mental health care staff may hold negative attitudes and beliefs about people with mental illness with tentative implications for treatment of the patient and development and implementation of evidence-based services. Since patients and staff in most respects share these beliefs, it is essential to develop interventions that have an impact on both patients and staff, enabling a more recovery-oriented staff-patient relationship.
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| 55. |
- Holmdahl, Gudrun, 1961-, et al.
(author)
-
Det meningsfulla samarbetet
- 2023
-
In: Etiska perspektiv på skolledares arbete. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144159935 ; , s. 203-222
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
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| 61. |
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
- Jeppsson Grassman, Eva, 1944-2020, et al.
(author)
-
Voluntary action in a scandinavian welfare context : the case of Sweden
- 1999
-
In: Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. - Sköndal : Ersta Sköndal högskola, Sköndalsinstitutet. - 0899-7640 .- 1552-7395.
-
Book (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to present some characteristics of the Swedish voluntary sector. With the help of recent research results, the voluntary sector and its wide range of activities is placed into a comprehensive structure that includes historical and cultural roots as well as the connection between the sector and the emergence of the Swedish welfare state. What is characteristic for the Swedish welfare model also explains, in important respects, the conditions of the voluntary sector and the way in which it finds articulation. However, this is not in itself a sufficient explanation if we are to understand the many-sided phenomenon represented by the Swedish voluntary sector. The role played by the tradition of popular mass movements in shaping the voluntary sector of today must also be taken into account. After a general overview in the first half of the article, two aspects of Swedish voluntary sector activities are presented to illustrate these points: the high level of volunteerism of the population and the particular character and role of voluntary organizations in the field of social care.
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| 65. |
- Johansson, Olof, 1950-, et al.
(author)
-
Antologins syfte och disposition
- 2020. - 3
-
In: Att leda mot skolans mål. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151101613 ; , s. 11-20
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 66. |
- Johansson, Olof, 1950-, et al.
(author)
-
Bokens upplägg och syfte
- 2013. - 1
-
In: Att leda mot skolans mål. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789140685742 ; , s. 13-20
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 67. |
- Johansson, Olof, 1950-, et al.
(author)
-
Det nationella rektorsprogrammet
- 2013. - 1
-
In: Att leda mot skolans mål. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789140685742 ; , s. 21-26
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 68. |
- Johansson, Olof, 1950-, et al.
(author)
-
Framtidens förskolechefer och rektorer
- 2013. - 1
-
In: Att leda mot skolans mål. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789140685742 ; , s. 271-278
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 69. |
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| 70. |
|
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| 71. |
- Jonsson, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Acute peripheral facial palsy simulating Bell's palsy in a case of probable multiple sclerosis with a clinically correlated transient pontine lesion on magnetic resonance imaging
- 1991
-
In: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 53:6, s. 362-365
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A transient pontine lesion was demonstrated in a young adult male who had a complete acute peripheral facial nerve palsy due probably to multiple sclerosis. In the acute stage of the palsy. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a high signal intensity in the ipsilateral pons in the region of the nucleus and pontine part of the facial nerve. The patient recovered completely 5 weeks after the onset of the palsy, and at this stage, the lesion in the brainstem was no longer demonstrable on MRI. The onset and course of the disease resembled the idiopathic form of facial palsy (Bell's palsy): the present findings along with recent MRI and topodiagnostic studies may indicate that in some cases of Bell's palsy the primary lesion is located centrally. By improved MRI techniques and intravenous contrast agents it may be possible to visualize and follow the disease process and ascertain more of the pathogenesis of Bell's palsy.
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| 72. |
- Jormfeldt, Henrika, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Clients’ experiences of the Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach : A qualitative study
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Järfälla : Co-Action Publishing. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 9:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach (PR) has been described as neither being a particular technique nor a single intervention but a service model within the mental health system aiming to promote recovery and the achievement of a meaningful life, rather than simply supporting adaptation or survival in the community. A qualitative approach was used to describe clients’ experiences of a BR implementation project in a county in Sweden. The findings from the interviews could be summarized in the theme “The process of rehabilitation” consisting of three categories: Structure, Participation and Relationship. The results suggest that clients do not often realize nor are able to verbalize their goals before they have been given the possibility to reflect their thoughts in collaboration with a trusted person. It is thus important that PR schedules its special structure to secure client participation by giving the clients opportunity to get their thoughts reflected to be able to participate in decision making regarding their own care. © 2014 H. Jormfeldt et al.
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| 73. |
- Jormfeldt, Henrika, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Relatives’ experiences of the Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach : A qualitative study
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 9:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation approach (BPR) is individualized and characterized by being based entirely on the individual´s unique needs and preferences in the areas of working, learning, social contacts, and living environment. Relatives of clients in mental health services influence the client’s possibilities to recovery by their everyday relationship. Nonetheless traditionally relatives have had a subordinated role in the care of their mentally ill family member. The perspective of relatives is an importance aspect in the development of new approaches to psychiatric rehabilitation. Thus the purpose of the present study was to describe and explore relatives’ experiences of the Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach. Ten relatives to clients in mental health services approached with the BPR were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed with a qualitative content analysis method to explore relatives’ experiences of the BPR intervention in a county of Sweden. The findings from the interviews could be summarized in the theme “To meet the clients’ needs” consisting of three categories: “Dependence in staffs’ competence”, “Responsibility of participation and self-determination” and “The necessity of coordination between authorities and care-givers”. The findings suggest that relatives may contribute with important information about clients’ needs related to outcome of care. Relatives’ perspectives may be of importance in further development of BPR. Further research about relatives’ role in psychiatric rehabilitation is needed as well as studies comparing different kinds of psychiatric rehabilitation from the perspective of relatives.
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| 74. |
- Jormfeldt, Henrika, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
The Boston Psychiatric rehabilitation approach – evaluation of an implementation project in Sweden
- 2012
-
In: Programme and Abstract Book, Horatio: 2nd European Festival of Psychiatric Nursing – in Stockholm 2012. - Göteborg : Psykiatriska Riksföreningen för Sjuksköterskor.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Despite the potential impact of psychiatric rehabilitation on wellbeing and health, there is a lack of research regarding the model called Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach from Boston University. To our knowledge no empirical studies have been made regarding the model in Sweden.Aim: The aims of the present study were to investigate outcome of the intervention regarding changes in life situation, use of health care services, quality of life, health, psychosocial functioning and empowerment. Further aims were to investigate to what extent the personal rehabilitation goals were attained and clients’ experiences of the intervention.The intervention: Seven mental health services who worked according to the Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach in the county of Halland in Sweden were included. The purpose of the intervention was to support and guide the patient to formulate and achieve his/her own goals for various life areas such as work/occupation, housing, education and leisure time. All staff working in the chosen services had completed education in the methodology and supervised training in providing the different phases of the rehabilitation process.Methods: The study had a prospective longitudinal design and the data collection at baseline started in August 2007 and a 2-year follow-up data collection ended in December 2010. In total 71 patients completed the assessment at baseline and of these 49 completed the 2-year follow-up data collection. Of these 49 clients, a sample of 10 clients was participated in interviews. Statistical analysis and qualitative content analysis were used.Results: The result showed a clear indication that Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach lead to a better life situation with respect to quality of life, health, empowerment and psychosocial functioning as well decreased utilization of psychiatric care. Thirty-two of the clients (65%) considered that they largely or almost completely had achieved their goals. Clients’ experiences of the intervention was summarized in the theme “Recovery ingredients” consisting of three interweaved categories: “Relationship”, “Structure” and “Participation”.Conclusion: The clients’ subjective experience of quality of the relationship to the staff do not seem to relate to goal attainment regarding exterior life situation concerning housing situation, work situation, education, leisure time and social relationships but rather between the clients’ goal attainment and other positive results of the rehabilitation as clients’ perceived.
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| 75. |
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| 76. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(author)
-
Fattigdom i välfärden
- 2022
-
In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 99:4, s. 433-437
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- För några år sedan tyckte sig det svenska Finansdepartementet, apropå den så kallade Agenda 2030, kunna slå fast att fattigdom i absolut mening är avskaffad i Sverige, även om delar av befolkningen har knappa resurser i förhållande till genomsnittet. Sveriges statistiska centralbyrå (SCB) menar däremot, med direkt anknytning till samma agenda, att Sverige saknar statistik över absolut fattigdom. Det motsägelsefulla i de båda påståendena kan ses som en ren lapsus. Eller som ett uttryck för ett mantra om den lyckade välfärdsstaten som avskaffade fattigdomen, så självklart att statistiska underlag är onödiga. Eller som två påståenden som egentligen inte talar mot varandra: att den absoluta fattigdomen är avskaffad har blivit så vedertaget så att det är själva skälet till att den inte studeras i Sverige. Men de två argumenten antyder också något som kan ses som en utgångspunkt för det här temanumret. Å ena sidan är fattigdom och dess eventuella närvaro en helt central fråga för varje välfärdsstat värd namnet. Det får Finansdepartementets utsaga om svensk fattigdom gestalta – den är avskaffad! Å andra sidan finns det kanske ett lite mer återhållsamt och kritiskt granskande intresse kring svensk fattigdom som Statistiska centralbyråns torra konstaterande möjligen kan illustrera. Hur som helst kommer artikelförfattarna att visa att det knappast finns några entydiga svar.
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| 77. |
- Karlsson, Margaretha, et al.
(author)
-
Gärna sedd - men inte observerad
- 2023. - 2
-
In: Etiska perspektiv på skolledares arbete. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144159935 ; , s. 223-240
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 78. |
- Katarina, Roos, 1977-, et al.
(author)
-
Skolchefen – en gammal roll i förändrad skepnad : [The School Superintendent – an old role in altered shape]
- 2022
-
In: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - Lund : Fahlbeckska stiftelsen. - 0039-0747. ; 124:3, s. 679-711
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The position of school superintendent, established in 1958, was abolished in 1991 as a law regulated position. The equivalent tasks of a superintendent were there after carried out by a local government official with many different titles and a vary-ing set of responsibilities. However, in 2018 the position of school superintendent was re-established in the Swedish Educational Act. The purpose of this article is to study how school superintendents interpret the consequences of this change with regards to their commission and role. One-third of the informants claim that the revision of the law has not affected their daily work, while almost half believe that it has had some effect, albeit to a small extent. Informants believe it has contributed to a more well defined commission, a strengthened mandate, and a clarification of the superintendents’ responsibilities, which can be interpreted as yet an expression of an on-going process of re-centralization in the Swedish school sector.
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| 79. |
|
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| 80. |
- Koskinen, Lars-Owe D., Professor, 1955-, et al.
(author)
-
Cerebrovascular effects of the TRH analogues pGlu-3-methyl-His-Pro amide and pGlu-Glu-Pro amide : a comparison with TRH.
- 2000
-
In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Upsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 105:1, s. 73-83
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The goal of the study was to assess whether TRH analogues possess cerebrovascular effects similar to the native peptide. The neuropeptide thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) elicits cerebrovasodilation in several species under various conditions. The laser-Doppler method was employed to study the effects of TRH and the analogues pGlu-3-methyl-His-Pro amid (M-TRH) and pGlu-Glu-Pro amide. Intravenous (i.v.) injection of 300 microg kg(-1) of TRH elicited cerebrovasodilation and a 62% increase in blood flow within 1 minute. M-TRH, in a dose of 300 microg kg(-1) i.v., elicited a 80% increase in cerebral blood flow. Even a minute dose of M-TRH (625 ng kg(-1)) caused an increase in cerebral blood flow. No clear difference in effects on the cerebral blood flow was observed between spontaneously and mechanically ventilated animals, pGlu-Glu-Pro amide had no cerebrovascular effect.
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| 81. |
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| 82. |
- Lindberg, Daniel, 1976-
(author)
-
Generation sociala problem. En studie av hur unga vuxna ackumulerar sociala problem
- 2016
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Young people is at the center of many of the rapid changes taking place in contemporary society and has to deal with the uncertainties that follows. One uncertainty is linked to the transition between leaving full time studies and entering employment were unemployment has become a natural step in becoming an adult. Hence the "becoming" has become a longer period of time in young people’s lives. The economic crisis in many European countries in recent years are the cause of many problems young people experience today. In relation to this brief background the thesis examines how social problems i.e. unemployment, deprivation, dependent on social welfare, low education and disability (affecting a person’s ability to work) is accumulated over time. The thesis point of departure is what Merton (1968) described in terms of The Matthew effect according to the Gospel of St. Matthew:For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath.It is the last part of this “effect” that is the center of attention. The research questions are: is there such a thing as the Matthew effect and if so how this process can be understood. Theoretically the study at hand elaborates the accumulation process by drawing on the concept of marginalization and social exclusion.By analyzing changes over time (3 years) in the five social problems described above (unemployment, deprivation etc.) for 64236 young people in the age of 19 to 25 years living in Sweden it is possible to describe patterns of social problem and how and why one specific problem or social problems in combination may lead to the accumulation of problem over time. These results are also combined with data from in-depth interviews whit young people that have accumulated social problem over time. It is argued that the combination of research methods gives a better understanding to the phenomenon at hand.The theoretical contribution relates to a better understanding of the process of accumulation of social problems for young people and to a better understanding of different steps in the accumulation process as well as central fault lines in this process. These findings can be used in practice for pinpointing groups of young adults in need of more as well as less support in handling and overcoming social problem and the transition from school to work.
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| 83. |
- Lundström, Tommy, et al.
(author)
-
Svensk frivillighet i internationell belysning : en inledning
- 1999
-
In: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - Sköndal : Ersta Sköndal högskola, Sköndalsinstitutet. - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 5:2-3, s. 106-127
-
Book (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Detta är en introduktions- och översiktsartikel som försöker fånga in några avgörande karaktäristika hos den svenska frivilligsektorn och sätta in dessa i ett internationellt perspektiv. Ett försök görs också att beakta något av det frivilliga sociala arbetets specifika betingelser och utformning. Här diskuteras dessutom utvecklingstendenser för sektorn i sin helhet, liksom för de sociala delarna.
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| 84. |
- Marteinsdottir, Ina, et al.
(author)
-
The role of life events in social phobia
- 2007
-
In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 61:3, s. 207-212
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim was to investigate the relationship between life events and social phobia. An inventory assessing life events during childhood, adulthood as well as life events experienced in relation to the onset of the disorder was administrated to 30 subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of social phobia. They were recruited by announcement and diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV for axes I and II disorders. Seventy-five controls were selected by matching age and gender from the local population register. Individuals with social phobia reported significantly more life events during childhood and more life events with negative impact during the social phobia debuting year. Conversely, they described fewer events in the adult life than the controls. Close relatives with disabling conditions in the childhood, conflicts with wife/husband/cohabitant and divorces or similar were significantly more common in the debuting year in social phobic group. In adult life, the healthy individuals described significantly more often increased authority at work. A gender-specific analysis revealed significantly more experiences of a death of a relative/close friend during the year before the social phobia debut and significantly more negative life events in the women's adult life. In summary, the present results support that life events have a role in social phobia that may be gender influenced.
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| 85. |
- Matthiessen, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Bent Hansen
- 2007
-
In: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 4, s. 51-63
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 86. |
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| 87. |
- Reu, Pedro, et al.
(author)
-
A 61% lighter cell culture dish to reduce plastic waste
- 2019
-
In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 14:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cell culture is a ubiquitous and flexible research method. However, it heavily relies on plastic consumables generating millions of tonnes of plastic waste yearly. Plastic waste is a major and growing global concern. Here we describe a new cell culture dish that offers a culture area equivalent to three petri dishes but that is on average 61% lighter and occupies 67% less volume. Our dish is composed of a lid and three thin containers surrounded by a light outer shell. Cell culture can be performed in each of the containers sequentially. The outer shell provides the appropriate structure for the manipulation of the dish as a whole. The prototype was tested by sequentially growing cells in each of its containers. As a control, sequential cultures in groups of 3 petri dishes were performed. No statistical differences were found between the prototype and the control in terms of cell number, cell viability or cell distribution.
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| 88. |
- Reyes Forsberg, Diana, et al.
(author)
-
A method for chemical and physical modification of oriented pulp fibre sheets
- 2022
-
In: Cellulose. - : Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 29:15, s. 8371-8386
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wood pulp fibres are promising reinforcements for biocomposites due to their renewable resource origin and mechanical properties. An oriented and dense fibre reinforcement structure is beneficial for biocomposite properties. We present a method of modifying fibres (e.g. to increase strain to failure) in pre-formed oriented high-density paper structures intended for biocomposites or as hot-pressed fibre materials. Mildly delignified, well-preserved holocellulose fibres from softwood are used. Cold alkali treatment (hemicellulose removal) and mercerisation (conversion to cellulose II) were carried out successfully on oriented fibre sheets. Controlled anisotropy and sheet density are achieved from untreated and straight fibres in the sheet formation step. High mechanical properties and increased ductility of mercerised sheets were observed, which may be valuable for hot-pressed fibre materials (E ≈ 7.1 GPa, strength of 108 MPa and strain to failure of 5.3%) and biocomposites. In contrast, modified wood pulp fibres were difficult to orient, resulting in higher sheet porosity and weak interfibre bonding. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 89. |
- Roos, Katarina, et al.
(author)
-
Skolchefen – en gammal roll i förändrad skepnad
- 2022
-
In: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - : Fahlbeckska stiftelsen. - 0039-0747. ; 124:3, s. 679-711
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The School Superintendent – an old role in an altered shapeThe position of school superintendent, established in 1958, was abolished in 1991 asa law-regulated position. The equivalent tasks of a superintendent were thereaftercarried out by a local government official with many different titles and a varyingset of responsibilities. However, in 2018 the position of school superintendentwas re-established in the Swedish Educational Act. The purpose of this article is tostudy how school superintendents interpret the consequences of this change withregard to their commission and role. One-third of the informants claim that therevision of the law has not affected their daily work, while almost half believe that ithas had some effect, albeit to a small extent. Informants believe it has contributedto a more well-defined commission, a strengthened mandate, and a clarification ofthe superintendents’ responsibilities, which can be interpreted as yet an expressionof an ongoing process of re-centralization in the Swedish school sector.
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| 90. |
- Salinas Fredricson, Adrian, et al.
(author)
-
Sick leave and disability pension among TMD patients with musculoskeletal diseases, mental and behavioural disorders : A SWEREG-TMD population-based cohort study
- 2023
-
In: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2458. ; 23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are associated with musculoskeletal diseases (MSD), mental and behavioural disorders (MBD), and patients with TMD have been shown to have 2-3 times more days of sick leave (SL) and disability pension (DP) than the general population. MSD and MBD are two of the most common causes for SL and DP, and the association between TMD and the influence of comorbidities on the need for SL and DP among TMD patients need further clarification. This study investigates the impact of MSD and MBD comorbidity on SL and DP among TMD patients diagnosed in a hospital setting and/or surgically treated.METHODS: All incident TMD patients diagnosed or treated in a hospital setting between 1998 and 2016 and aged 23-59 were included. A non-exposed comparison cohort was collected from the general population. The cohorts were grouped based on the presence of comorbidity: No comorbidity (Group I); MSD comorbidity (Group II); MBD comorbidity (Group III); and combined MSD and MBD comorbidity (Group IV). Main outcomes were mean annual days of SL and DP, and statistical analysis was conducted using generalized estimated equations.RESULTS: TMD subjects with no comorbidities (Group I) and with MSD/MBD comorbidity (Group II and III) were 2-3 times more often on SL and DP than the corresponding groups from the general population. However, in the group with both MSD and MBD comorbidity (Group IV), the difference between the TMD subjects and the general population was diminishing, suggesting an additive effect.CONCLUSION: TMD patients are more dependent on SL and DP benefits compared to general population and the difference remains even after considering MSD and MBD comorbidity. In individuals with combined MSD and MBD comorbidity, concurrent TMD has less impact on the need for social insurance benefits. The results accentuate the impact TMD has on the patients' impaired ability to return to work and why TMD should be recognized as having a substantial impact on individual and economic suffering as well as on societal costs, with emphasis on the influence of comorbidities on patient suffering.
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| 91. |
- Salinas Fredricson, Adrian, et al.
(author)
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Sick leave and disability pension in a cohort of TMD-patients : The Swedish National Registry Studies for Surgically Treated TMD (SWEREG-TMD)
- 2022
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In: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common and affect approximately 10% of the adult population. TMD is usually associated with headache, pain in the masticatory muscles and/or the temporomandibular joint, clicking or crepitations during mandibular movement as well as painful and/or reduced mouth opening. This study aimed to investigate the level TMD-patients use social insurance benefits before and after their first time of diagnosis or first surgical event, compared to the general population. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate the differences in the use of social insurance benefits between surgically and non-surgically treated TMD-patients that were diagnosed in a hospital setting.METHODS: All Swedish citizens aged 23-59 diagnosed with TMD in a hospital setting and/or surgically treated for the condition during 1998-2016 were identified via the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. A non-exposed comparison cohort was collected via the Total Population Registry. Outcome and sociodemographic data were collected via Statistics Sweden. Main outcome was annual net days on sick leave and disability pension five years before (-T5) and five years after (T5) diagnosis and/or surgical treatment (T0). Regression analysis was conducted with generalized estimated equations.RESULTS: The study included 219 255 individuals (73% female) - 19 934 in the exposed cohort and 199 321 in the comparison cohort. The exposed group was classified into three subgroups: non-surgical, surgically treated once, and surgically treated twice or more. The mean annual net days of sick leave and disability pension combined during the ten-year follow-up was 61 days in the non-surgical group, 76 days in the surgically treated once group, and 104 days in the surgically treated twice or more subgroup. The corresponding number for the non-exposed comparison cohort was 32 days.CONCLUSION: Patients diagnosed with TMD in a hospital setting are 2-3 times more dependent on the use of social benefits than the general population. The reliance on sick leave and disability pension is seen as early as five years before diagnosis, and the reliance remains after surgical treatment. The reliance is stronger in patients with several surgical interventions. These findings indicate that patients diagnosed with TMD constitute a patient group with a high burden of health issues causing long-term dependence on social security benefits.
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| 92. |
- Salo, Petri, et al.
(author)
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Neighbours on different paths - on trust and policymaking within education in Finland and Sweden
- 2017
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2014 Dean Fink (2016) initiated an international research project on trust in education. It included researchers from Australia, Canada, England, Finland, Lithuania, Sweden and the USA. The purpose of the project was to analyze teachers’ and principals’ perceptions of trust in different educational conxts. This paper focuses on Finland and Sweden, neighboring countries with a shared history, similar Nordic cultural beliefs and political systems. Still, Finland has made a success-story in PISA, as opposed to Sweden. However it is doubtful if Big Data alone will be able to fix education systems (Sahlberg 2017).Trust makes or breaks governments, businesses and social organizations such as schools. Trust creates confidence among individuals within a society or organizations, enabling change to take place, or suspicion that slows it down, or in the extreme buries it. The more one trusts the more one has confidence in the other, and the more vulnerable one becomes if trust is betrayed (Bryk & Schneider 2002; Fukuyama 1996; Fink 2001; Covey 2006; Tschannen-Moran 2009; Yamagishi 2011).
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| 93. |
- Schön, Ulla-Karin, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Psychiatric service staff perceptions of implementing a shared decision-making tool : a process evaluation study
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 13:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Shared decision making, SDM, in psychiatric services, supports users to experience a greater sense of involvement in treatment, self-efficacy, autonomy and reduced coercion. Decision tools adapted to the needs of users have the potential to support SDM and restructure how users and staff work together to arrive at shared decisions. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse the implementation process of an SDM intervention for users of psychiatric services in Sweden.Method: The implementation was studied through a process evaluation utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. In designing the process evaluation for the intervention, three evaluation components were emphasized: contextual factors, implementation issues and mechanisms of impact.Results: The study addresses critical implementation issues related to decision-making authority, the perceived decision-making ability of users and the readiness of the service to increase influence and participation. It also emphasizes the importance of facilitation, as well as suggesting contextual adaptations that may be relevant for the local organizations.Conclusion: The results indicate that staff perceived the decision support tool as user-friendly and useful in supporting participation in decision-making, and suggest that such concrete supports to participation can be a factor in implementation if adequate attention is paid to organizational contexts and structures.
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| 94. |
- Segnestam Larsson, Ola, 1971-
(author)
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Standardizing Civil Society : Interpreting Organizational Development in the Tension Between Instrumentalism and Expressivism
- 2011
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This book focuses on empirical phenomenon of organizational development, which seems to be trusted as the solution to many problems in civil society and the key to ‘the good society’. But can organizational development fulfil such expectations?As civil society becomes increasingly prominent in local struggles, national debates, and international politics, scholars are paying attention to how it should be promoted and developed. One approach deployed to foster a vibrant civil society is organizational development. In addition to improved project and organizational performance, it is believed that more and better organizing will promote desirable qualities inherent in civil society and therefore the development of a good society.In this book the author questions if organizational development within civil society can fulfil such expectations. Drawing on institutional theory and studies of cooperation among trade unions, faith-based organizations, and organizations of people with disabilities, he argues that organizational development of civil society organizations was never meant for implementa- tion. Instead it serves more as a legitimacy device for the involved actors in addition to protecting organizational praxis from conflicting internal and external demands.
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| 95. |
- Siven, Claes-Henric, et al.
(author)
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Bent Hansen
- 2007
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In: Ekonomisk Debatt. ; 35, s. 51-63
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 96. |
- Sjöstrand, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Ett engagerande mikrokosmos : folkhögskoledeltagarna och deras samhällsengagemang
- 2021
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Rapporten Ett engagerande mikrokosmos – folkhögskoledeltagarna och deras samhällsengagemang handlar om demokrati och samhällsengagemang. Här har folkbildningen en viktig roll att spela. I rapporten undersöker författarna hur folkhögskolan underlättar, uppmuntrar och initierar samhällsengagemang hos sina deltagare.Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola har sedan 1992 genomfört sju nationella befolkningsstudier om medborgerligt engagemang, varav den senaste ägde rum 2019. De resultat som presenteras i rapporten Ett engagerande mikrokosmos tar sin utgångspunkt i den nationella studien och en samtidigt genomförd undersökning bland deltagarna på långa kurser vid Sveriges folkhögskolor. Till detta genomförde forskarna en fördjupningsundersökning vid fyra folkhögskolor.
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| 97. |
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| 98. |
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| 99. |
- Svedberg, Anna
(author)
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Valuation of retention/formation relationships using a laboratory piot-paper machine
- 2007
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The interdependency between filler retention and paper formation is well-known, where a high retention is accompanied by impaired formation. A challenge for today’s papermakers is to increase the competitiveness for uncoated and coated fine paper, by improving the formation at the same level of retention. Over the years, the use and the demands of retention aids have increased as a consequence of a higher system closure, increased machine speeds and increased filler content. The knowledge of whether some retention aid systems are more or less detrimental to paper formation than other systems, is very limited. The insuffiency of knowledge is, however, also true for other chemical, mechanical and interacting factors, which influence the retention/formation relationship in a complex manner. In order to investigate the retention/formation relationship (features, retention aids, dosage points, etc.), a pilot-scale fourdrinier former (R/F-machine) has been developed. The R/F-machine provides a short circulation of the white water and controlled experimental conditions and is appropriate for cost-effective investigations. Moreover, the R/F-machine has been designed to have a short residence time to chemical equilibrium and the machine has also shown high reproducibility in the results. This licentiate thesis presents the R/F-machine and examines, during constant experimental conditions, the retention/formation relationships for some different retention aid systems. Three single-component cationic polyacrylamides with varying molecular weights and two polyacrylamide-based microparticulate systems with varying microparticles were examined. The retention aid systems were investigated on the R/F-machine, for a fine paper stock (90 % bleached hardwood and 10 % bleached softwood) with addition of 25 % filler (based on total solids content). The results showed that the retention/formation relationship was not dependent on the retention aid system used. All systems showed the same relationship between retention and formation. On the other hand, the various retention aid systems provided different effects considering their retention performance.
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| 100. |
- Svedberg, Jesper, et al.
(author)
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Convergent evolution of complex genomic rearrangements in two fungal meiotic drive elements
- 2018
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In: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Meiotic drive is widespread in nature. The conflict it generates is expected to be an important motor for evolutionary change and innovation. In this study, we investigated the genomic consequences of two large multi-gene meiotic drive elements, Sk-2 and Sk-3, found in the filamentous ascomycete Neurospora intermedia. Using long-read sequencing, we generated the first complete and well-annotated genome assemblies of large, highly diverged, non-recombining regions associated with meiotic drive elements. Phylogenetic analysis shows that, even though Sk-2 and Sk-3 are located in the same chromosomal region, they do not form sister clades, suggesting independent origins or at least a long evolutionary separation. We conclude that they have in a convergent manner accumulated similar patterns of tandem inversions and dense repeat clusters, presumably in response to similar needs to create linkage between genes causing drive and resistance.
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