| 51. |
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| 52. |
- Aggestam, Karin
(author)
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Reframing and Resolving Conflict : Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations 1988-1998
- 1999
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The mutual recognition between Israel and the PLO in 1993 signalled a major shift in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This study examines, both theoretically and empirically, the basic question of how meaning of conflict may change and how conflict may be resolved. The broad aims are: first, to analyse and empirically improve knowledge of the transitional processes from conflicting interaction to cooperation in the Israeli-Palestinian case; and second, to develop conflict research by advancing theoretical ideas concerning these processes. Three analytical concepts constitute the core of the research problem: (i) meaning, (ii) reframing and (iii) resolving. These concepts are advanced throughout this study by an adaptive interplay between theoretical concepts and empirical analysis. The meaning of conflict highlights the dominant frames of political actors and the international and domestic normative and behavioural structures of conflict. The reframing of conflict is linked to negotiation by an emphasis on such concepts as turning point, motivation, opportunity and focal point. The resolving of conflict, which is the subject of the most extensive part of the study, focuses on frame, strategy, structural characteristics, and processes of negotiation. Drawing theoretical insights from constructivism, conflict research, negotiation theory and social psychology, the author advances a dynamic theoretical model, using an agent-structure approach. The single-case study of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict covers a period of eleven years, 1988-98. The author presents an in-depth analysis of the Israeli-Palestinian negotiations during this period, which constitutes one of the first major studies to cover the entire interim period. The empirical analysis centres on the implications of the intifada for the level of agent and structure, and the behavioural turning point, constituted by the 1991 Madrid Conference. The official negotiation process from 1991 to 1998 is then analysed and categorised in three phases: public diplomacy, two-track diplomacy, and trilateral diplomacy. The negotiation process was characterised by an oscillation between competitive and problem-solving frames of negotiation, a diversity of mediation and negotiation strategies, major structural restraints emanating from the domestic arenas, and various obstacles to communication. These phases of negotiation highlight the cyclical, transformative nature of conflict.
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- Alzén, Annika, 1946-
(author)
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Fabriken som kulturarv : Frågan om industrilandskapets bevarande i Norrköping 1950-1985
- 1996
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This PhD dissertstion deals with the interest on preserving the heritage from the industrial society which arouse in Sweden during the 1970s.The remains from the industrial scoiety initially had difficulties in asserting themselves as objects of value, due to a number of inhibiting factors which excluded industry as a cultural heritage. In the 1970s, however, several factors can be distinguished which changed this situation. These factors included a new post-industrial era, the radicalisation of the cultural and political climate, extensive demolition in the heart of the Swedish cities, the influence of industrial archeology in England and a growing interest on the part of the antiquarian profession. In the long term, this meant that the discourse about cultural heritage changed so that industry could be included as a part of it.In Norrköping the old textile industries in the middle of the city were transformed from an outdated factory area to an attractive industrial landscape during the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the reasons, analysed in the dissertation, can be summarised as follows. First, the industrial area was "discovered" by pioneers who had been influenced by the industrial movement in England. Second, the industrial area had architecturally valuable buildings so that it could be regarded as an area worth preserving even according to traditional selection criteria. Third, the opening of the Museum of Work in the area influenced the survival of the industrial landscape. Through the Museum of Work, the expanding social movement "gräv där du står-rörelsen" ("the digging movement") also exerted an indirect influence on the process. Hence, it was a combination of different factors which resulted in the preservation of the industrial landscape in Norrköping.
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| 68. |
- Amer, Ramses, et al.
(author)
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Major Armed Conflicts
- 1993
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In: SIPRI Yearbook 1993: World Armaments and Disarament. - : Oxford University Press: Oxford.
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 69. |
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| 77. |
- Andersson, Erik, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Power and security
- 1999
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In: Schulz, M. (ed.), Peace and development - their interrelationship in the global system: an inventory of peace and development research at PADRIGU: a Festschrift in honour of professor Björn Hettne. - Göteborg : Padrigu Papers, Göteborgs universitet. - 9187380447
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 78. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, 1961-
(author)
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The international diffusion of new chemical entities : A cross-national study of the determinants of differences in drug lag
- 1990
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The two main objectives of this thesis are to make a general contribution to the understanding of the international diffusion of new chemical entities (NCEs) and to improve the research methods by applying econometric methodology.The study is based on a data base including all 553 NCEs introduced in Sweden during the period 1960-1987 and their introductions in France, West Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States and Norway. A complementary data base covering 11 countries for the period 1970-1983 is also examined.Large differences are found between the countries regarding the diffusion of NCEs - both in the number of NCEs that are diffused to the countries (level of diffusion) and in the time needed for the NCEs to diffuse (rate of diffusion). There is also a general tendency for an increasing amount of time to be needed for the NCEs to diffuse. Econometric methodology is applied in the search for the determinants of the rate of diffusion. The three earlier models of the rate of diffusion are all rejected and two new models are constructed, one Swedish and one international. In these models the regulation-related variables are found to have the largest influence on the rate of international diffusion of NCEs.At the end of the thesis, policy implications of the results and prospects for the future are discussed.
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| 79. |
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| 80. |
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| 81. |
- Andersson, Sven, 1940-
(author)
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Social scaling and children's graphic strategies : A comparative study of children's drawings in three cultures
- 1994
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This cultural comparative study examines social scaling in children's drawings and whether children's formal graphic strategies follow the lines of traditional developmental stage models. Moreover, an attempt is made to develop methodological tools for comparative cultural research on children's social worlds.For this purpose, children in three communities were asked to make drawings of classroom life (fourth-graders) and their future family (fifth-graders). In total, 591 children were recruited from three settings: a Tanzanian town, a refugee settlement in Tanzania of the African National Congress, South Africa and a Swedish small-town. These settings were chosen in order to involve cultural variation in terms of pedagogical practices and child-rearing ideologies. Instead of absolute measures, relative rating scales (within drawings) were developed for the scoring of children's drawings and for the comparison of drawings between cultures.The findings of the present work lend support to the notion of social scaling, that is, social space in drawings (relative size, distances and degree of detailing, etc.) reflects children's hierarchies of importance. Thus, children's self-representations in relation to teacher representation vary with pedagogical practices across cultures. Swedish children produced more self-centered (child-centered) representations of classroom life than any of the African groups. The children in the traditional respect-oriented culture (Tanzanian town group) drew the most sociocentric and least child-centered representations, whereas children from South Africa produced drawings that were intermediate. Differences in social scaling were thus related to cultural differences in pedagogical practices and child-rearing ideologies. Likewise, children's social worlds, as reflected in family figure drawings, vary with child-rearing ideologies in the three different settings.The analyses of graphic strategies for both tasks indicated that the African groups employed X-ray strategies to a greater extent than the Swedish children. Quite contradictorily, if viewed from stage-type theorising, the African children simultaneously employed advanced projection systems to a greater extent than the Swedish children. Moreover, the children in the two African settings would in many cases combine these theoretically incompatible drawing strategies. A second analysis of formal graphic strategies showed that children in the two African settings independently employed the same specific local drawing conventions by depicting buildings in a non-representational way. Such local conventions are of theoretical interest in that they question representational models of drawing development. The present results challenge claims for universal or stage-type models in the way children's drawing develops. Instead, the results can be seen to support sociocultural approaches to child development.
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| 82. |
- Anshelm, Jonas, 1960-
(author)
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Bevarandeopinionen som vann gehör
- 1993
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In: Modernisering och kulturarv. - Stockholm, Stehag : B. Östlings bokförl. Symposion. - 9171391215 ; , s. 299-394
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 83. |
- Anshelm, Jonas, 1960-
(author)
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Bland trollkarlar och demoner
- 1996
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In: Vest: journal for science and technology studies. ; 1996:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 84. |
- Anshelm, Jonas, 1960-
(author)
-
Förnuftets brytpunkt : om teknikkritiken i P C Jersilds författarskap
- 1990
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Modern technology has enabled us to realise objectives our forebearers could only dream of. Our capacity to do both good and evil has grown dramatically. With these new capacities ensue extremely weighty moral responsibilities.P C Jersild is a Swedish author who has dedicated his work to the investigation of morality in the technological society. This is why his authorship has been chosen as the object for analysis in this thesis. The analysis of Jersild's work is divided inta two sections. The first of these (chapters 3-5) has the character of a general survey and therefore follows a chronological disposition. We follow the changing course of Jersild's authorship in relation to the changing face of public debate. In addition to relativety detailed interpretations of individual texts and analyses of the motif of technology criticism, Jersild's literary production is campared with his social commentary and brief reflections on the public reception of his books are offered. In this fashion the foundations for the second half of the study which is camposed of four thematic chapters (chapters 6-9) are laid. This thematic approach focuses on several essential issues in Jersild's discussion of technology. Consequently, abstraction and generalization tend to assume a more significant position.It is shown in this thesis that Jersild critically assesses modern technology as both abstract rationality and concrete lived experience and pennits both perspectives to enrich and stimulate each other. In his discussion of modern technology and its social implications, Jersild repeatedly retums to essentially the same situation: the individual who has teen placed in a predicament due to a harmful pattern of technological development. However, each time he returns to this unsatisfactory situation he views it from a different perspective. He views it through the eyes of a bureaucrat, psychologist, engineer, factory worker, housewife, child, pensioner, lonely alcoholic, hospital patient and animal. This versatility of perspective imbues his narrative with a prismatic acuity; the image of a technological society is complemented and enlarged with every new angle of approach.Jersild's work can be seen as a critical investigation of those areas of modern society where the "modem project" has gone astray; where a cognitive-instrumental rationally has been allowed to suppress moral-practical reason. In spite of this criticism, it is made clear, Jersild remains a faithful disciple of the Enlightenment and defends modemity; albeit with restrained optimism and a critical scepticism which continually encaurages reflexivity and a sense of moral responsibility. He reclaims a normative fraction and a measare of critical reason which can be used to advance rather than dismantie the "modem project". Somewhat magniloquently, it can be asserted that Jersild' s work is characterised by an attempt to establish a sensible moral argumentation capable of resening the "modern project" from self-inflicted ruin.
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| 85. |
- Anshelm, Jonas, 1960-
(author)
-
Förord
- 1993
-
In: Modernisering och kulturarv. - Stockholm, Stehag : B. Östlings bokförl. Symposion. - 9171391215
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 86. |
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| 87. |
- Anshelm, Jonas, 1960-, et al.
(author)
-
Miljöforskningens döda vinkel
- 1998
-
In: Hållbart samhälle - en antologi om mål, möjligheter, medel och makt. - Stockholm : Forskningsrådsnämnden (FRN). ; , s. 251-269
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 88. |
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| 89. |
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| 96. |
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| 97. |
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| 98. |
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| 99. |
- Arheimer, Berit, 1966-
(author)
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Riverine nitrogen : Analysis and modelling under Nordic conditions
- 1999
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Baltic Sea in northern Europe is a brackish water body where eutrophication is considered a serious problem, partly as a result of high nitrogen load from rivers. This thesis includes statistical analysis of nitrogen behaviour in 55 small catchments. The results were used for further development of a dynamic model (HBV-N). This model was then applied in case studies of southern Sweden, including dynamic modelling in 3725 subbasins (totalling 145,000 km2) using time-series from 722 sites. The riverine nitrogen transport to the Swedish coast was simulated. Nitrogen reduction measures within the agricultural sector undertaken during 1985-1994 were found to decrease the normalised load by 7%. Constructed wetlands were found to reduce the load by 16% if 1% of a drainage basin were converted into wetlands. The spatial and temporal variations in terrestrial nitrogen leakage were to a great extent explained by catchment characteristics and hydrometeorological conditions. More detailed studies are needed, however, to distinguish between the influences of the various underlying processes (e.g., flow composition and washout processes). Large-scale studies of nitrogen transport and measure-allocation strategies must consider transformation processes in the aquatic system. The net load was considerably lower than the gross load, and it was temporally and spatially highly variable depending on climate, landscape mosaic, flow path, and watercourses. The HBV-N model is shown to have good potential as a decision-support tool for the improvement of water-quality management and environmental planning under Nordic conditions. For more sophisticated retention modeling, empirical studies are needed to quantify the impact of the various retention processes in the aquatic system.
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| 100. |
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