| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Sensual and sexual marital contentment in parents of small children--a follow-up study when the first child is four years old.
- 2008
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In: Journal of sex research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-4499 .- 1559-8519. ; 45:3, s. 295-304
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This follow-up study explored parents' (N=452) intimate relationships when their firstborn child was 6 months old and then 4 years later. The measurement used was a modified version of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS. The present results show that most parents responding were content sensually at 6 months postpartum in 2002 and 4 years later, in 2006. More parents had changed from being sensually content in 2002 to discontent in 2006, than the contrary, however, and the sexual contentment remained low. The average sexual frequency was low both at 6 months and at 4 years for both parents with and without additional children. Experiencing tiredness as a hindrance to having sex was perceived as a greater problem among those parents without additional children. Prospective regression analyses indicated that sexuality was significantly related to both sensual and sexual contentment 4 years later. Sexuality was also one of the most significant covariates in the cross-sectional regression analysis for sensual contentment. Since sexuality plays a central role in partner well-being, it may be an important target for helping parents with small children.
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| 3. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Kritisk utredningsmetodik : begrepp, principer och felkällor
- 2003. - 2
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I boken presenteras begrepp, principer och felkällor som bör beaktas för att utredningsarbete inom socialtjänsten och liknande verksamheter skall bli sakligt och konstruktivt och reducera misstag. Boken utgår mycket från kognitiv psykologi, logik och källkritik.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(author)
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Stress and well-being among parents of children with rare diseases: a prospective intervention study
- 2006
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 53:4, s. 392-402
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: This paper reports a study to assess stress, well-being and supportive resources experienced by mothers and fathers of children with rare disabilities, and how these variables were affected by an intensive family competence intervention. BACKGROUND: Despite diagnosis-specific studies, little overall knowledge exists about life-consequences for families of children with rare disorders. METHOD: We used a prospective design with baseline data and two follow-ups (at 6 and 12 months) after an intervention. The intervention aimed at empowering parents in managing their child's disability. Parents from all parts of Sweden visiting a national centre for families of children with rare disabilities were consecutively selected (n = 136 mothers, 108 fathers). Instruments of parental stress, social support, self-rated health, optimism and life satisfaction and perceived physical or psychological strain were used. Stratified analyses were carried out for mothers and fathers, and related to parental demands: single mothers, full-time employment, participation in a parent association, child's age and type of disability. RESULTS: We found high parental stress, physical and emotional strain among mothers, especially among single mothers. Fathers showed high stress related to incompetence, which decreased after the intervention. Decreased strain was found among full-time working mothers and fathers after the intervention. Parents' perceived knowledge and active coping and mothers' perceived social support were increased at follow-up. Factors related to parents' overall life satisfaction (57-70% explained variance) changed after the intervention, from being more related to internal demands (perceived strain, incompetence and social isolation) to other conditions, such as problems related to spouse, paid work and social network. CONCLUSION: Parents, especially fathers and full-time working parents, may benefit from an intensive family competence programme.
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| 6. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Påverkansfallet I: utredningsmetodik, tankefel och källkritik i två psykologutlåtanden. Grovt missbruk av psykologi av psykolog.
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet är att kritiskt-vetenskapligt granska utredningsmetodik, tankefel och källkritik i två psykologutlåtanden rörande två utredningsomhändertagna syskon och beställda av ett utredningshem som anlitas av socialtjänsten. En stor mängd brister i utredningsmetodik, mängder av allvarliga tankefel och bristande källkritisk prövning framkommer. Psykologimissbruket flödar. Fler av socialtjänstens dokument i fallet granskas i följande rapporter rubricerade "Påverkansfallet II-IV". De kan läsas fristående från varandra. Påverkansfallet II är den centrala och mest omfattande rapporten där mängder av påstådd och korrupt utredningsaktivitet klargörs och en synnerligen omfattande lista över tankefel presenteras.
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| 7. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Påverkansfallet II: utredningsmetodik, tankefel och källkritik hos socialtjänst, utredningshem och polis i ett mycket korrupt, brutaliserat och komplext omhändertagande med tre barn. : "Götene-fallet".
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Påverkansfallet är ett mycket professionellt korrumperat och komplext omhändertagandefall med tre barn, varav två är utredningsomhändertagna och misshandlas psykiskt och fysiskt genom socialtjänstens sätt att arbeta. Ett stort antal utredningsmetodiska fel, tankefel och bristande källkritik och brutala, närmast kriminella, arbetssätt påvisas hos socialtjänst, polis och utredningshem. Frågan hur falska uppgifter kan uppkomma i polisförhör genom kringfaktorer och genom faktorer i själva förhören belyses av materialet. En mycket omfattande förteckning av tankefel presenteras.
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| 8. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
-
Påverkansfallet IV: utredningsmetodik, tankefel och källkritik i material från en okunnig, privat konsultsocionom, från en psykotisk socialtjänst och från utredningssamtal och förhör med en central, fabulerande privat aktör : Faderns kommentar till hela Påverkansfallet i bilaga 1.
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detta är det sista i raden av fyra sakkunnigyttranden i "Påverkansfallet", där tre barn utsatts för omfattande påverkan och lidande genom socialtjänstens i Götene kommun och medlöpares korrupta agerande. Här tydliggörs den stora okunnigheten hos en privat socionomkonsult (Off. Clinic/Annika Wassberg)) samt påverkande arbetssätt inom socialtjänsten. Mer i detalj påvisas hur faster Britt Jansson, som socialtjänsten nära samarbetat med och okritiskt litat på, ljuger och fabulerar och så även i domstolsförhör med henne. Detta framgår av en mängd starka motsägelser mellan hennes olika versioner. Mycket anmärkningsvärt är socialtjänstens upprepade motstånd mot läkarundersökningar som kan leda till motevidens, något som liksom förlitande på fastern pekar på en organisationspsykos.
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| 9. |
- Almqvist, Lena, et al.
(author)
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'I can play!' : Young children's perceptions of health
- 2006
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In: Pediatric Rehabilitation. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1363-8491 .- 1464-5270. ; 9:3, s. 275-284
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Health is today viewed as a multi-dimensional concept partly conceptualized independent from not being ill. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge of how young children perceive health. Interviews were conducted with 68 children (4–5 years), within their pre-school setting, with the help of a semi-structured interview guide. A multi-dimensional perspective represented by the health dimensions of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used in a manifest deductive content analysis. The children's statements were categorized and placed under one of the four health dimensions, body, activity, participation and environment. A latent content analysis was applied to identify underlying themes in the manifest categories. The results revealed that young children perceive health as a multi-dimensional construct, largely related to being engaged, i.e. to be able to perform wanted activities and participate in a supportive every-day context. This implies that improvements of child engagement should be emphasized in health promotion and to a greater extent be the central focus of health interventions for young children.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Forsberg-Wärleby, Gunilla, 1953
(author)
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Evidence for family support
- 2006
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In: Evidence for Stroke Rehabilitation -bridging into the future (Stroke rehab 2006). International scientific conference arranged by Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (foundation for rehabilitation information). April 26-28 2006. Göteborg. Sverige (Invited speaker).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 12. |
- Forsberg-Wärleby, Gunilla, 1953
(author)
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Interventionsprogram riktade till närstående till personer med stroke - en litteraturstudie
- 2007
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In: AT-forum och Nordisk kongress. 19-20 April 2007. Stockholm. Sverige..
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interventionsprogram riktade till närstående till personer med stroke - en litteraturstudie När en person i familjen drabbas av stroke är ofta de närstående i behov av stöd för att hantera den nya livssituationen. Under det senaste årtiondet har olika former av strukturerat stöd utarbetats och utvärderats. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka effekten av stöd till närstående. Metod:Systematisk litteratursökning gjordes i databaserna PubMed, CINAHL. COHRANE library och PsycINFO. Sökordskombination: stroke - caregiv*/carer*/spouse* / famil* - support/education/program/intervention. Sökningen begränsades till randomiserade kontrollerade studier. Resultat: Femton studier inkluderades i analysen. Interventionerna omfattade: [1] Individuell intervention i form av att en stödperson ger information om stroke samt praktiskt stöd (sex studier), [2] Undervisning / träning i problemlösningsstrategier (fem studier) samt [3] Individuell/gruppundervisning om stroke, även med syfte att bidra till emotionellt stöd (fyra studier). Utvärdering av interventionerna visade att strukturerad undervisning bidrog till ökad kunskap om stroke. Träning i problemlösning bidrog till aktiva copingstrategier och bättre familjefunktion. Få interventioner hade betydelse för de närståendes egen aktivitet/delaktighet, belastning eller fysiska hälsa. Mindre än hälften av de studier som utvärderade effekten på de närståendes psykologiska hälsa visade på positiva resultat. Arbetsterapeuten har en viktig roll i att i stödja de närstående. Det behövs utvecklas arbetsterapeutiska interventionsprogram för att stödja de närstående i att hantera strokerelaterade problem i vardagslivet och att bibehålla sin egen aktivitet/delaktighet och därmed sin hälsa.
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| 13. |
- Forsberg-Wärleby, Gunilla, 1953
(author)
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Psychological Well-Being, Life Satisfaction and Sense of Coherence in Spouses of Persons with Stroke
- 2007
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In: Workhop: New approaches in caregiver research and interventions. Robert-Bosch-Hospital. Stuttgart, Tyskland 23 July 2007..
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING, LIFE SATISFACTION AND SENSE OF COHERENCE IN SPOUSES OF PERSONS WITH STROKE. The purpose of our studies was to explore change in the psychological well-being and life satisfaction of spouses in the first year after their partner’s stroke as well as the impact of the sense of coherence on this phenomenon. We also compared the satisfaction of the spouses and their partners with important domains in life one year after a stroke. The research data consisted of data about the patients’ neurological end emotional status, questionnaires about the spouses’ self-rated well-being, life satisfaction and sense of coherence, and interview data concerning the spouses’ everyday life and need of support. Even though the spouses’ psychological well-being increased after the first chaotic months after their partner’s stroke their life satisfaction decreased, even in spouses of persons who had suffered a less severe stroke. The spouses’ sense of coherence in the first weeks after their partner’s stroke seemed to be related to their future well-being. However, change in their sense of coherence also occurred in the first year after their partner’s stroke. Need of support seemed to be different in different phases after their partner’s stroke, which has implications for the development of models of interventions to support spouses during their adaptation process. In our Stroke Research Group there are ongoing studies concerning spouses’ activities, participation, health and life satisfaction in a long-term perspective and concerning older spouses’ experience of need of support. A study concerning the effect of family-centred interventions directed to families in which a person suffers from “hidden dysfunctions” is also planned.
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| 14. |
- Besic, Nejra, 1980-
(author)
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At first blush : the impact of shyness on early adolescents' social worlds
- 2009
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Shyness as a behavioral characteristic has been in focus of research in psychology for a number of decades. Adolescent shyness has, however, been relatively overlooked compared with studies conducted on children and adults. This dissertation concentrated on adolescent shyness, aiming to attain a better comprehension about how shyness during this developmental phase might affect, and be affected by social relationships. The first aim of this dissertation was to study in which way shyness influences and is influenced by significant people in adolescents’ lives: peers, friends, and parents. Study III showed that shy youths socialized each other over time into becoming even more shy. Study VI demonstrated that youths’ shyness affected parenting behaviors, more so than parent’s behaviors affected youth shyness. The second aim of this dissertation was to investigate what shyness means for adolescents’ choices of relationships with friends, whereas the third aim focused on whether adolescents’ ways of dealing with peers would have consequences for their internal and external adjustment. As Study I showed, youths might take on off-putting, startling appearances in order to cope with their shyness. This strategy seemed, nonetheless, not particularly successful for the shy youths in terms of emotional adjustment. Study III showed that adolescents who were shy tended to choose others similar to themselves in shyness as friends. Study II showed that shyness might indeed have some positive implications for adolescent development, as it was found to serve a protective role in the link between advanced maturity and various types of problem behaviors. Overall, the findings point to some gender differences regarding all of the abovementioned processes. In sum then, the studies in this dissertation show that even though youths’ shy, socially fearful characteristics affect their emotional adjustment and those around them, shy youths are part of a larger social arena where they are active agents in shaping their own development. Although adolescent shyness might be linked with several negative outcomes, however, it might be other people’s reactions to socially fearful behaviors that help create and/or maintain these outcomes over time.
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| 15. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Om metoder för personbedömning i vardagslivet
- 2002
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Syftet är att något klargöra och konkretisera saklighetsteori vid personbedömning samt att tydliggöra och kritiskt kommentera ett antal i vardagslivet förekommande "metoder" eller kvasimetoder för personbedömning, t.ex. "tycka-tro-känna-uppleva-intryck"-metoden med oberättigade fakticitetsanspråk. Skriften är erfarenhetsbaserad och betonar det omgivande makt-intresse-fältet inverkar på personbedömningar som tillhör forskningsområden som ofta betecknas som social perception eller social kognition. Skriften omfattar ca 35 sidor.
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| 16. |
- Westlund, Olle, 1969-
(author)
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S(t)imulating a Social Psychology : G. H. Mead and the Reality of the Social Object
- 2003
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Social psychology is often said to be a scientific discipline aiming at the observation and explanation of actions between human beings or, more generally, between the human individual and the environment. This general proposition holds for most social psychologists, irrespective of allegiance. Accepting this, it is implied that we are observing the social aspect of a human individual. This text will ask for the conditions under which this social psychology is possible. Indeed, what has to be the case for the observation and explanation of the sociality of the individual to occur?On the basis of G. H. Mead, generally considered the hub around which modern social psychology developed, it will be argued that for a social psychological science to be possible, conditions are implied that make it impossible. Less rhetorically put, accepting or returning to Meads social argument and trying to co-ordinate it with basic premises of scientific conduct, one will find oneself caught between two Meadian facts. On the one hand each individual must be considered social, i.e., appearing to experience as two objects at once. On the other hand, however, explaining an object is to state the object in an unambiguous fashion, i.e., as an independent, hence individual, object. It will be argued here that Mead’s epistemology does not support a scientific and social psychology. Rather a scientific social psychology based on Mead constitutes a contradiction in terms, stemming from a series of misinterpretations. It is the objective of this text to demonstrate these misinterpretations with respect to attempts at a scientific social psychology based on the social vision of this scholar.
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| 17. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969
(author)
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Learning about environmental issues with the aid of cognitive artefacts
- 2008
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In: SSKKII Publications. - 1653-8420.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- When looking at the issue of learning about environmental problems many difficulties stem from their inherent abstractness which causes difficulties because humans have a problem understanding information that is not directly perceivable. We primarily create our lives on perceivable information and by imitating other people. This paper will examine the limitations of the human mind and it will discuss environmental problems that we can't grasp, but on the other hand it will discuss our cognitive capacities and the kind of tools we can use, and how these might be handled by educators. The tools discussed are: models and miniatures, metaphors and analogies, tracking, key questions, and (participatory) stories. The cognitive science approach is just one way of looking at the issue but it can be useful when dealing with educational challenges.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Canivet, Catarina, et al.
(author)
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Infantile colic and the role of trait anxiety during pregnancy in relation to psychosocial and socioeconomic factors.
- 2005
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 33:1, s. 26-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: A study was undertaken to assess the impact of psychological, psychosocial and socioeconomic factors on the risk of having a child with infantile colic. Methods: Psychosocial and psychological factors were assessed by self-administered questionnaires in the 17th, and by telephone interviews in the 35th—37th pregnancy weeks; infantile colic occurrence was assessed by telephone interviews at infant age 5 weeks; subjects were 1,099 mother—infant dyads. Results: High trait anxiety increased the colic risk; OR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.16, 3.59), and so did affirming a perceived risk of spoiling young infants with too much physical contact; OR 1.77 (1.07, 2.91). In the final step of a multivariate model, not cohabiting with the child's father was the factor with the strongest association with colic; OR 3.48 (1.38, 8.77). Analyses of effect modification showed that high education seemed to protect from the influence of high trait anxiety. Young women were particularly high in trait anxiety, and being exposed to both these risk factors seemed to act synergistically on the risk of having a colicky infant; OR 2.41 (1.12, 5.18). Conclusions: Psychological and psychosocial factors were found to be significantly related to an increased risk for infantile colic, and these factors interacted with age, parity, social support, and educational level in a complex manner. Even though no single most important psychosocial risk factor was identified, the findings lend support to the strategy of offering special attention in terms of information and support in the maternal healthcare system to very young women, women who do not cohabit with the father, and women with high trait anxiety.
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| 21. |
- Pettersson, Ingvor, et al.
(author)
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Lifeworld perspectives on assistive devices : lived experiences of spouses of persons with stroke.
- 2005
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 12:4, s. 159-169
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to explore how spouses of persons with a disability following stroke describe their lived experiences regarding assistive devices in everyday life. A phenomenological lifeworld approach was used and conversational interviews were conducted with 12 spouses. Their lived experiences of assistive devices were explored in relation to four lifeworld existentials intertwined in everyday life. The results showed that lived body concerns aspects of feelings, habits, and incorporation of the devices with one's own body. The devices are, from the spouses' perspective, a prerequisite for their partner with stroke living at home. Successively the devices are incorporated into the couples' homes, and they provide a new view of the environment, aspects related to lived space. The devices bring about a changed relation to lived time, related to past, present, and future. Further, lived human relation concerns changed relationships to husbands/wives with stroke, including a great responsibility due to the devices and their usage. The results also included stigmatizing aspects and a twofold relationship to health professionals regarding participation in decisions about prescribing assistive devices. Understanding the unique meaning of assistive devices from the spouses' perspective is vital for occupational therapists prescribing such devices.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Forsberg-Wärleby, Gunilla, 1953
(author)
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Närstående
- 2007
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In: Vårdalinstitutet: Tematiska Rum: Strokerummet. - : Vårdalinstitutet Availible from: http://www.vardalinstitutet.net/PSUser/servlet/com.ausys.ps.web.use.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Forsberg-Wärleby, Gunilla, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Relationship between sense of coherence and psychological well-being in spouses of stroke patients
- 2007
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In: 14th Nordic Meeting on Cerebrovascular Diseases.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SENSE OF COHERENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING IN SPOUSES OF STROKE PATIENTS Background. Spouses of stroke patients often perceive stress and low well-being. To better support spouses it is important to identify predictors of well-being early on, in the first phase after their partner’s stroke. The concept of Sense of Coherence is assumed to be related to coping ability and health. The concept is composed of three closely interwined sub-components: Comprehensibility, Manageability and Meaningfulness. Aim: To explore the relationship between spouses’ SOC in the first weeks after their partner’s stroke and psychological well-being during the first year. Method: Sixty-two consecutively included spouses (18 men and 44 women, mean age 57 years) participated. Data concerning SOC (The SOC-29 Questionnaire) and psychological well-being (the Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) Index) were gathered after ten days, four months and one year. Results: The spouses’ SOC in the first week after their partner’s stroke was increasingly significantly associated with emotional well-being during the first year. Sense of manageability in life was increasingly associated with the dimensions of spouses’ well-being (anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health and vitality) from the first week after stroke. Sense of comprehensibility in life was associated with all dimensions of well-being at four months and with four dimensions at one year. Sense of meaningfulness in life was increasingly associated with positive well-being, self-control and vitality at four months and one year. Conclusion: The spouses’ SOC in the first weeks after partner’s stroke seems to have ability to predict well-being during the first year after the stroke. Care and rehabilitation staff should focus on spouses whose rates show a low sense of comprehensibility and manageability as concerns support in understanding the consequences of stroke and finding strategies to cope with their new everyday tasks and life situation.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Tankefel inom vardag, yrkesliv och politik
- 2009
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Syftet är att klargöra begreppet tankefel och att beskriva några vanliga exempel på tankefel. Tankefel har en omfattande förekomst och omfattande konsekvenser för enskilda och samhälle.
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| 28. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Content strategies in police interviews of children in alleged child sexual abuse cases
- 2001
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In: Utlovad konferensvolym utkom ej ö h t..
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose is to clarify the question of content strategy in police interviews of children. All 87 police interrogations with children from 30 disputable child sexual abuse cases with 41 children in Swedish courts have been examined concerning content strategies. Nearly all of these interviews can be described as extremely biased in their narrow selection of content around only one hypothesis. Six cases are briefly described and discussed to clarify the question of content strategy.
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| 29. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
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Kritisk, jämförande analysmetodik i ett fall med strid om vårdnad, boende och umgänge samt misstankar om misshandel av mor och barn. : Grovt missbruk av psykologi av psykologer. Analys av polisförhör. Avslöjande av lögn/fabulering.
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med denna skrift är att visa hur ett fall med föräldrar i intensiv konflikt rörande vårdnad, boende och umgänge för två små barn kan analyseras genom noggrann dokumentation och jämförelser mellan vad som sagts vid olika tillfällen av främst samma källa. Fallet inrymmer material från familjerätt, från socialtjänst, från barnpsykologers skrivelser och från polisförhör med föräldrar och med vittnen. En kritisk, jämförande metodik används, vilken innebär noggrann läsning och jämförelser mellan främst vad som sagts av samma person vid olika tillfällen, men även jämförelser mellan vad olika personer sagt och jämförelser av innehåll i uttalanden med saklägen. Det påvisas även genom stegringsanalys att den enda partens utsagor upprepat stegrats i anslutning till olika slag av saklägen/situationer där stegrade uppgifter kunde innebära fördel för partens intressen. Även betydelsen av frånvaro av uppgifter som kan förväntas dyka upp påtalas. En mycket påverkande arbetsmetodik från två starkt partiska barnpsykologer gentemot barnen påvisas genom den befintliga dokumentationen. Åklagare och polis följer inte upp de tydliga motsägelserna i polisförhören med den ena parten och även motsägelser gentemot andra uppgifter. Trots ett föga kritiskt prövande förhörsarbete påvisar jämförande analyser att den ena parten ljuger/fabulerar. Det kan verka som strävan efter politisk korrekthet eller invanda tankemönster skapar en oförmåga att utreda kritiskt prövande. Könsdiskriminerng är en aspekt på fallet. En stor mängd tankefel i det extremt undermåliga utredningsarbetet påvisas och summeras avslutningsvis. Ett mycket undermåligt psykologutlåtande återges i en bilaga.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Persson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Adolescents' conceptions of family democracy : does their own behavior play a role?
- 2004
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In: European Journal of Developmental Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1740-5629 .- 1740-5610. ; 1:4, s. 317-330
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Much research on family democracy has started from the assumption that parents produce the democratic climate and adolescent behavior is an outcome of it. In this study, we asked whether and how adolescent behavior contributes to family democracy, using both parents’ and adolescents’ behaviors as predictors of family democracy. Participants were 1,057 15-to-16-year-olds in a city in central Sweden. The results showed that adolescents’ conceptions of family democracy involve both their own and their parents’ behavior. When controlling for parents’ behaviors, adolescents’ behaviors added significantly to the prediction of democracy. Parents’ warmth and the adolescents’ openness to communication seem to be two major aspects of the democratic workings in the family. Hence, the democratic workings of the family cannot be described fully if adolescents’ behavior is ignored.
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| 32. |
- Bolmsjö, Ingrid, et al.
(author)
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Everyday ethical problems in dementia care: a teleological model.
- 2006
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In: Nursing Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0989 .- 0969-7330. ; 13:4, s. 340-359
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, a teleological model for analysis of everyday ethical situations in dementia care is used to analyse and clarify perennial ethical problems in nursing home care for persons with dementia. This is done with the aim of describing how such a model could be useful in a concrete care context. The model was developed by Sandman and is based on four aspects: the goal; ethical side-constraints to what can be done to realize such a goal; structural constraints; and nurses’ ethical competency. The model contains the following main steps: identifying and describing the normative situation; identifying and describing the different possible alternatives; assessing and evaluating the different alternatives; and deciding on, implementing and evaluating the chosen alternative. Three ethically difficult situations from dementia care were used for the application of the model. The model proved useful for the analysis of nurses’ everyday ethical dilemmas and will be further explored to evaluate how well it can serve as a tool to identify and handle problems that arise in nursing care.
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| 33. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
-
Är samtal med professionella hjälpare efter traumatiska händelser till hjälp eller stjälp? : Kritisk diskussion av "debriefing".
- 2009
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Syftet är att kritiskt granska schablonmässig tillämpning av krissamtal, s.k. debriefing, gentemot drabbade och personal i samband med katastrofer. Metoden diskuteras kritiskt och ifrågasätts starkt. Flera tankefel figurerar i samband med sådan praxis. Bevisbördan för metodens anspråk har inte metodens förespråkare klarat av. Det förbises att metodiken ger och kan ge negativa effekter för de flesta eller en del människor. Inte heller bör positiv upplevelse logiskt förväxlas med faktisk positiv effekt. Det kan inte heller förutsättas att människor som är inblandade i katastrofer skulle utgöra en psykologiskt homogen grupp, där alla bör bemötas likartat - generaliseringsfel sker. I värsta fall bidrar schablonmässig metodik, med mer eller mindre anvisade/påtvingade krissamtal, till att människor skadas och blir sämre på att själva och tillsammans med närstående klara av återhämtning efter trauman.
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| 34. |
- Snellman, Alexandra, 1962-
(author)
-
Social Hierarchies, Prejudice, and Discrimination
- 2007
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is based on three papers where I examine some aspects of ethnic and gender-based prejudice and discrimination in hierarchical situations. In Paper I, the existence of ethnic hierarchies in Sweden is explored. Both immigrant and ethnic Swedes were asked to report their social distance to a number of ethnic groups represented in their geographical area. The results showed that hierarchies exist in Swedish environments and that they are connected with both ethnic prejudice and participants’ tendency to promote and support hierarchies, as expressed in their scores on social dominance orientation (SDO). In Paper II, based on Weiner’s attribution theory, ethnic and gender discrimination in social sanctions (help and punishment) were examined together with SDO in two studies. The results showed that discrimination in line with societal discrimination of subordinated groups was also displayed in the present experimental groups and that participant’s SDO is a factor behind the tendency to discriminate subordinate groups. Paper III examined sex differences in SDO in two studies. One of the strongest factors behind SDO is participant’s sex. Gender identification was tested as a mediator of the effect of sex on SDO. The results from two studies showed that the sex difference in SDO was partially or completely mediated by gender identification. The influence of SDO on formation of hierarchies and discrimination as well as its sex and gender aspects are further discussed.
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| 35. |
- Boström, Katrin, et al.
(author)
-
Being the next of kin of an adult person with muscular dystrophy
- 2006
-
In: Clinical Nursing Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1054-7738 .- 1552-3799. ; 15:2, s. 86-104
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A chronic disorder affects all members of the family in various ways. The aim of this study is to elucidate the next of kin's (N= 36) experiences when an adult family member has muscular dystrophy. The relationships were partner (36%, n= 14), parent (18%, n= 7), child (21%, n= 8), sibling (15%, n= 6), and other relative (3%, n= 1). Latent content analysis is employed and involves an interpretation of the interviewtext. The results showthe meaning of being close to a person with muscular dystrophy through the themes that emerged: exposure of the family; the span between obligation and love; being vigilant, protective, and supportive; and striving for an ordinary life. This study reveals a need for healthcare staff to understand the next of kin's narrated meaning of changes when a family member has a progressive disease.
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| 36. |
- Brav, Agneta, 1955-, et al.
(author)
-
Group initiative and self-organizational activities in industrial work groups
- 2009
-
In: European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1359-432X .- 1464-0643. ; 18:3, s. 347-377
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autonomous work groups are involved in goal setting and planning and hence can define their jobs and the outcome idiosyncratically. Our interest lies in how job design restricts or creates possibilities for groups to redefine their work and thus go beyond formal requirements. The aim was to test a model of the relationships between dimensions of job design, group processes, group initiative, and self-organizational activities. The results are based on work task analyses and questionnaires administered to 31 work groups at four Swedish industrial companies. The theoretical input-process-output model received substantial support. Dimensions of job design affect whether a group, through collective reflexivity, can redefine work and proactively create conditions and organize work so that uncertainty can be handled and new tasks mastered. Group processes such as cooperation and social support enhance group initiative to achieve such meaningful change. In this study, reflexivity does not impact on group initiative, but does explain the major amount of variance in self-organizational activities. Work task analyses can be a useful tool for providing groups with the prerequisites for self-organizational activities. We believe these to be essential for the groups' capacity to be involved in the innovation process from idea to finished product.
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| 37. |
- Daniels, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Using a Real-Life Setting to Combine Social and Technical Skills
- 2000
-
In: IEEE Frontiers in Education conference. - 0780364244 ; , s. F4C6-F4C9
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our students are highly competent in the technical area, but have little training in the non-technical area. This paper describes a course that is designed to increase the students' ability to apply their technical skills in a professional way. Projects with real, low in IT skills, users are used to make the issue of being professional concrete. The aspect of communication, both between colleagues and between users of a product, is chosen as a theme. Relevant theory is introduced as close to the point in time when needed in the real project. This paper give the general setting of the course and observations from students and teachers about how well the goals are achieved.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ljung Aust, Mikael, 1973
(author)
-
Developing Theoretical and Empirical Definitions of Safety Problems in Driving Suitable for Active Safety Function Evaluation
- 2009
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In passive safety, the requirement specifications used for evaluation of protective functions are both standardised and specified at a high level of detail regarding evaluation scenario definition, performance metrics and pass/fail criteria. For active safety, while several propositions for evaluation scenarios have been made, neither these, nor performance metrics and pass/fail criteria have yet reached a similar level of detail and standardisation. The objective of this thesis is to address two underlying reasons for this difference. One is theoretical in nature. On a general level, a set of principles and concepts which capture the fundamental ideas of a field of science can be called a conceptual framework. For active safety function evaluation, such a framework is currently lacking. To address this issue, a conceptual framework called Situational control was developed. The framework integrates fundamental ideas relevant for active safety function evaluation into a holistic and practically applicable picture. Its applicability was demonstrated by applying it in the context of writing and implementing requirement specifications for active safety function evaluation.The second reason is of empirical character. To evaluate the extent to which active safety functions prevent and/or mitigate crashes, it is essential to characterize the sequence of events which leads to collisions in a way which includes information on causal factors. To do this, data from official databases (macroscopic data), and in-depth case studies is often used. Macroscopic data is usually statistically representative but has limited information on why crashes happen, while the opposite is true of case studies. Using the two in combination would therefore seem ideal. However, the principles for connecting them are far from clear and current approaches suffer inherent weaknesses. To address this issue, a generalization methodology which links information in case studies to macroscopic crash types, in a way which covers not only context but also causation similarity, was developed. The feasibility of the methodology was tested through application on three sets of intersection crash data. Results indicate that the methodology was sufficiently successful to warrant further exploration with larger data sets.
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| 40. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
-
Persecutory strategies in child protection investigations
- 2000
-
In: Forensic psychology and law. - Krakow : Institute of Forensic Research Publishers. - 9788387425319 ; , s. 157-161
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to clarify, define and classify persecutory strategies in Swedish child protection investigations as they appear in the investigative documents from the social welfare offices. In 14 cases (one report in each case) approximately 140 persecutory strategies were found and classified into five categories.
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| 41. |
- Nordenmark, Mikael
(author)
-
Unemployment
- 2006
-
In: The Blackwell encyclopedia of sociology Vol X ST-Z. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 9781405124331 ; , s. 5090-5091
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 42. |
- Scharnberg, Max, et al.
(author)
-
Criticism of Freud and psychoanalysis: A booklist
- 2009
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- A booklist (14 pages) is presented that can be useful for those who search for critical books and articles about Freudian theory and psychoanalysis.
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| 43. |
- Schenkman, Bo, et al.
(author)
-
Human echolocation : The relative importance of pitch and loudness
- 2008
-
In: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Nordic Ergonomics Society. - Reykjavik, Iceland.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A sound heard in the presence of a reflected object will be both louder and have a slightly different timbre (“repetition pitch”) than the same sound heard with no reflection. Thus, pitch and loudness are two sources of information that visually handicapped people may use for echolocation. In real life, the two sources of information are confounded, because perceived loudness and repetition pitch both diminishes with distance to the reflecting object. The purpose of the present experiment was to disentangle the influence of each of these sources on human echolocation. Experimental sounds were obtained from binaural recordings with an artificial head in an ordinary room. White noise (500 ms) was emitted from a loudspeaker on the chest of the artificial head. A reflecting aluminum sheet (0.5 m diameter) was located at 1, 2 and 3 m distance to the artificial head. By digital manipulation, the loudness information or the pitch information of the recorded sounds were eliminated, resulting in three kinds of sounds: (1) sounds containing both pitch and loudness information, (2) sounds with only pitch information, and (3) sounds with only loudness information. These three kinds of sounds were presented to 14 sighted students. The psychophysical method of 2-alternative-forced-choice with feedback was used, with 56 trials for each person at each condition. Each trial presented one sound recorded with, and one without, reflecting object. The task was to detect which of the two sounds that was recorded in the presence of the reflecting object. All participants could use echolocation for all three kinds of sounds at the distance of 1m, but performed close to chance with all sounds at 3 m. At the 2 m condition, sounds with only pitch information gave a higher performance compared to sounds with only loudness information, for which the performance was close to random. Thus, pitch alone may provide sufficient information for echolocation at these distances. Audiometric tests were conducted, with focus on the pure tone threshold average and the absolute difference between the ears. The results will have a bearing on the construction of orientation and mobility aids for the visually handicapped.
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| 44. |
- Allwood, Carl Martin, et al.
(author)
-
Actor-Observer differences in realism in confidence and frequency judgments
- 2004
-
In: Acta Psychologica. - : Elsevier. - 0001-6918 .- 1873-6297. ; 117:3, s. 251-274
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Taking a social psychological approach to metacognitive judgments, this study analyzed the difference in realism (validity) in confidence and frequency judgments (i.e., estimates of overall accuracy) between one’s own and another person’s answers to general knowledge questions. Experiment 1 showed that when judging their own answers, compared with another’s answers, the participants exhibited higher overconfidence, better ability to discriminate correct from incorrect answers, lower accuracy, and lower confidence. However, the overconfidence effect could be attributable to the lowest level of confidence. Furthermore, when heeding additional information about another’s answers the participants showed higher confidence and better discrimination ability. The overconfidence effect of Experiment 1 was not found in Experiment 2. However, the results of Experiment 2 were consistent with Experiment 1 in terms of discrimination ability, confidence, and accuracy. Finally, in both experiments the participants gave lower frequency judgments of their own overall accuracy compared with their frequency judgments of another person’s overall accuracy.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(author)
-
Utredningsmetodik, tankefel och källkritik i ett fall med ett litet barn i triangeln sjukvård - socialtjänst - privata utredare : Grovt missbruk av psykologi av psykologer
- 2009
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet är att kritiskt-vetenskapligt granska utredningsmetodik, tankefel och källkritik i ett fall där föräldrar sökt hjälp för medicinska problem hos sitt lilla barn. De blir i stället för att sakfrågan utreds anmälda till socialtjänsten med allmän hänvisning till fenomenet "Munchhausen syndrome by proxy". Med hjälp av ett utredningshem och psykologer sker enligt socialtjänstens beställning ett sakligt ohållbart letande efter fel hos föräldrarna. En av socialtjänsten anlitad konsultpsykiater reagerar kritiskt på pseudoutredandet och fallet avskrivs. Evidens som tyder på att föräldrarnas bedömning är korrekt framkom efterhand. Fallet rymmer genusaspekter - hur en mamma bemöts av manliga läkare respektive en kvinnlig konsultpsykiater. En undermålig psykologutredning om mamman återges i bilaga. Tankefel specificeras.
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| 47. |
- Brunnberg, Elinor, 1948-, et al.
(author)
-
Assessment processes in social work with children at risk in Sweden and Croatia
- 2007
-
In: International Journal of Social Welfare. - : Wiley. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 16:3, s. 231-241
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this article is to compare Swedish (SSWs) and Croatian (CSWs) social workers’ assessments and protection of a 4-year old child exposed to risk in its own family. Data were collected by means of a vignette. The participants answered open-ended questions and rating scales. Results suggest that SSWs have a more supportive and child welfare approach than CSWs and CSWs have a more child-protective focus in their assessment than SSWs. In a situation with visible consequences of abuse on the child’s body, there is a great lack of agreement among the social workers’ reactions within and between the countries. Most of the social workers considered appropriate removing the child from the home voluntarily or compulsory. Despite fundamental similarities in assessments between the countries, a significant difference in preferred interventions was found. SSWs were less in favour of removing a child from its home by a care order than CSWs.
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| 48. |
- Pecnik, Ninoslava, et al.
(author)
-
Professionals' characteristics, viktim's gender, and case assessments as predictors of professional judgments in child protection
- 2005
-
In: Review of Psychology. - 1330-6812. ; 12:2, s. 133-146
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Scant research on child protection professionals' decision-making demonstrates complexity of identifying and responding to child maltreatment. In order to understand processes involved in professionals’ judgements, methodological approaches are needed which allow that multiple potentially relevant factors are evaluated. A technique of vignettes was used in this study of 87 Croatian and 72 Swedish social workers. The first aim was to investigate if professional’s individual characteristics and experiences and their social welfare system/culture were related to professionals’ reactions to a case of alleged child abuse depicted in a vignette. Results showed that age, parenthood status, length of professional experience, frequency of corporal punishment and bruises in childhood and a country of residence correlated with particular variables from the domain of case assessments and judgements about appropriate interventions. The second aim was to determine the relative contributions of professionals’ characteristics, victim’s gender and case assessments to explaining differences in judgements about appropriateness of removing a child from home compulsorily and maintaining a child at home with social support being offered. Female gender of the abused child, perceptions of father’s violence, previous judgements about appropriate interventions and assessment of risk and main problem/s at the final stage predicted judgements about removing a child from home.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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