| 1. |
- Tingsvik, Catarina, et al.
(author)
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Meeting the challenge : ICU-nurses' experiences of lightly sedated patients
- 2013
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In: Australian Critical Care. - : Elsevier BV. - 1036-7314 .- 1878-1721. ; 26:3, s. 124-129
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundSedation of intensive care patients is necessary for comfort and to implement appropriate treatment. The trend of sedation has gone from deep to light sedation. The topic is of interest to intensive care nursing because patients are generally more awake, which requires a different clinical approach than caring for deeply sedated patients.PurposeThe aim of this study was to describe intensive care unit (ICU) nurses experiences of caring for patients who are lightly sedated during mechanical ventilation.MethodsA qualitative approach was used. Semi-structured interviews with nine intensive care nurses were conducted. The interview texts were subjected to qualitative content analysis, resulting in the formulation of one main category and six sub-categories.FindingsThe nurses’ experience of lightly sedated patients was described as a challenge requiring knowledge and experience. The ability to communicate with the lightly sedated patient is perceived as important for ICU nurses. Individualised nursing care respecting the patients’ integrity, involvement and participation are goals in intensive care, but might be easier to achieve when the patients are lightly sedated.ConclusionThe results reinforce the importance of communication in nursing care. It is difficult however to create an inter-personal relationship, encourage patient involvement, and maintain communication with deeply sedated patients. When patients are lightly sedated, the nurses are able to communicate, establish a relationship and provide individualised care. This is a challenge requiring expertise and patience from the nurses. Accomplishing this increases the nurses satisfaction with their care. The positive outcome for the patients is that their experience of their stay in the ICU might become less traumatic.
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| 2. |
- Åkerman, Eva, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Preferred content and usefulness of a photodiary as described by ICU-patients-A mixed method analysis
- 2013
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In: Australian Critical Care. - : Elsevier. - 1036-7314 .- 1878-1721. ; 26:1, s. 29-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many ICU-patients have memory-gaps which may affect their recovery. A tool in the recovery can be an ICU-diary to explain and clarify thoughts and events from the ICU-period. There are different standards for the content in the ICU-diary. The aim of this study was to identify the preferred content and usefulness of an ICU-diary as described by ICU-patients.Method: a descriptive, exploratory cohort design with a mixed method approach. The patients answered a questionnaire (n=115) and participated in an interview (n=15) six months after the ICU-stay. Data analysis was carried out in three stages; the questionnaire was analysed by descriptive statistics and categorized by content (four open-ended questions) and the interviews were analysed by manifest content analysis.Results: The patients explained that detailed information about daily activities and medical facts had to be included to understand and give a sense of coherence of what had happened. The content in the ICU-diary had to be chronological in order to follow the process in which photos were an important part. The patients re-read the ICU-diary during the recovery which helped them to fill in the memory gaps and used it as a tool for communication.Conclusion; To construct a coherent story, it was essential that the ICU-diary was complete and were amplified by photos, all appearing in a chronological order. The results of this study could form a basis for further developments of standards and guidelines for ICU-diaries
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| 3. |
- Kaminski, Kathryn M., et al.
(author)
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When do stop-loss rules stop losses?
- 2014
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In: Journal of financial markets. - : Elsevier BV. - 1386-4181 .- 1878-576X. ; 18, s. 234-254
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose a simple analytical framework to measure the value added or subtracted by stop-loss rules-predetermined policies that reduce a portfolio's exposure after reaching a certain threshold of cumulative losses-on the expected return and volatility of an arbitrary portfolio strategy. Using daily futures price data, we provide an empirical analysis of stop-loss policies applied to a buy-and-hold strategy using index futures contracts. At longer sampling frequencies, certain stop-loss policies can increase expected return while substantially reducing volatility, consistent with their objectives in practical applications.
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