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1.	Aboagye, Emmanuel, et al. (author) What is Number of Days in Number of Times? : Associations Between, and Responsiveness of, Two Sickness Presenteeism Measures 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:5, s. e180-e185 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To examine the associations between sickness presenteeism (SP) reported as number of days with SP reported as number of times and to evaluate their responsiveness.Methods: The study population (n = 454) consisted of employed individuals, at risk of long-term sickness absence. Correlation analyses were performed to examine associations between the two SP measures and external constructs such as work performance, general health, and registered sick leave. Both SP constructs were measured several times to examine responsiveness.Results: The SP measures are moderately correlated. They moderately correlated with work performance and health status measures. SP reported as number of times seems to be more sensitive than number of days in detecting changes after rehabilitation.Conclusions: Numerical or categorical constructs are valid sources of data on SP. However, categorized SP seems to be more responsive.
2.	Andersson, Lena, 1965-, et al. (author) Respiratory Health and Inflammatory Markers : Exposure to Cobalt in the Swedish Hard Metal Industry 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:10, s. 820-829 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between inhalable dust and cobalt and respiratory symptoms, lung function, exhaled nitric oxide in expired air and CC16 in the Swedish hard metal industry.METHODS: Personal sampling of inhalable dust and cobalt, medical examination including blood sampling was performed for 72 workers. Exposure-response relationships was determined using logistic, linear and mixed model analysis.RESULTS: The average inhalable dust and cobalt concentrations were 0.079 and 0.0017 mg/m, respectively. Statistically significant increased serum levels of CC16 were determined when the high and low cumulative exposures for cobalt were compared. Non-significant exposure-response relationships was observed between cross-shift inhalable dust or cobalt exposures and asthma, nose dripping and bronchitis.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an exposure-response relationship between inhalable cumulative cobalt exposure and CC16 levels in blood, which may reflect an injury or a reparation process in the lungs.
3.	Andersson, Lena, 1965-, et al. (author) Silica Exposure and Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Respiratory Morbidity in a Cohort of Male Swedish Iron Foundry Workers 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 731-739 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In this study, we present quantitative exposure-response data on silica exposure in male Swedish iron foundry workers receiving inpatient care for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory morbidity. The study show a significantly increased COPD risk at cumulative silica exposures that correspond to TWA silica below the Swedish OEL of 0.1 mg/m3. ObjectiveWe present quantitative exposure-response data on silica exposure in male Swedish iron foundry workers for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory morbidity.MethodsThis research is a cohort study of 2063 male Swedish iron foundry workers. From the Swedish National Patient Registers, data on morbidity incidence were retrieved. A historical measurement database of 1667 respirable silica exposure measurements from 10 Swedish iron foundries was used to calculate the cumulative exposure dose for each worker.ResultsIncreased morbidity risk for the whole group of foundry workers was determined for ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, and pneumonia. In addition, an increased risk for COPD at cumulative silica exposures ranging from 0.11 to 0.84 mg/m3 year is presented.ConclusionsThe study presents a significantly increased COPD risk at cumulative silica exposures below the Swedish occupational exposure limit.
4.	Beales, Darren, et al. (author) The Predictive Ability of the Full and Short Versions of the Orebro Questionnaire for Absenteeism and Presenteeism Over the Subsequent 12 months, in a Cohort of Young Community-Based Adult Workers 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:12, s. 1058-1064 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive ability of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) in regard to work productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism) in early adulthood.METHODS: A prospective study was performed using data from the Raine Study Generation 2 (Gen2) 22-year follow-up. The ÖMPSQ was completed at baseline, and absenteeism and presenteeism assessed at 4 intervals over the following 12 months.RESULTS: In early adulthood, the full and short versions of the ÖMPSQ showed some predictive ability for work absenteeism but the Receiver Operator Characteristic demonstrated poor discrimination. There was no evidence of predictive ability for presenteeism.CONCLUSION: Further work is required to increase the fidelity of screening for risk of reduced work productivity at the population level.
5.	Beales, D., et al. (author) The Predictive Ability of the Full and Short Versions of the Orebro Questionnaire for Absenteeism and Presenteeism Over the Subsequent 12 Months, in a Cohort of Young Community-Based Adult Workers 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:12, s. 1058-1064 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive ability of the orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (oMPSQ) in regard to work productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism) in early adulthood. Methods: A prospective study was performed using data from the Raine Study Generation 2 (Gen2) 22-year follow-up. The oMPSQ was completed at baseline, and absenteeism and presenteeism assessed at four intervals over the following 12 months. Results: In early adulthood, the full and short versions of the oMPSQ showed some predictive ability for work absenteeism but the Receiver Operator Characteristic demonstrated poor discrimination. There was no evidence of predictive ability for presenteeism. Conclusion: Further work is required to increase the fidelity of screening for risk of reduced work productivity at the population level.
6.	Bertilsson, Monica, et al. (author) How Managers Find Out about Common Mental Disorders among their Employees 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:11, s. 975-984 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To explore how managers find out about common mental disorders (CMDs) among employees and associations with managers’ work- and knowledge-related characteristics and attitude to CMDs.Methods: Data from an online survey in 2017 with Swedish managers (n = 1810) were used. Different ways managers find out about CMDs were measured, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for associations with manager characteristics.Results: Few managers found out about CMDs themselves; another source was more common e.g., employees’ self-disclosure. Managers’ overseeing fewer subordinates and those with a negative attitude to depression were more likely to find out about CMDs themselves. The significance of mental health training and education could not be established.Conclusion: Managers’ awareness about employees’ CMDs mainly came about through employees’ self-disclosure. Managers’ attitudes and work conditions were related to the way of finding out.Copyright © 2021 by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
7.	Bertilsson, Monica, et al. (author) How Managers Find Out About Common Mental Disorders Among Their Employees 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:11, s. 975-984 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To explore how managers find out about common mental disorders (CMDs) among employees and associations with managers' work- and knowledge-related characteristics and attitude to CMDs. Methods: Data from an online survey in 2017 with Swedish managers (n = 1810) were used. Different ways managers find out about CMDs were measured, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for associations with manager characteristics. Results: Few managers found out about CMDs themselves; another source was more common, for example, employees' self-disclosure. Managers' overseeing fewer subordinates and those with a negative attitude to depression were more likely to find out about CMDs themselves. The significance of mental health training and education could not be established. Conclusion: Managers' awareness about employees' CMDs mainly came about through employees' self-disclosure. Managers' attitudes and work conditions were related to the way of finding out.
8.	Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al. (author) Stress and sleep in relation to severity of building related symptoms 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:7, s. 541-545 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: This study investigates different aspects of stress and sleep in medically examined individuals with varying severity of building-related symptoms (BRS).METHODS: Three questionnaires were used to assess acute and long-term stress and sleep (Perceived Stress Scale; Shirom Melamed Burnout Questionnaire, and Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire).RESULTS: Individuals with BRS, regardless of severity, did not differ in level of perceived stress (indicator of short-term stress). The indicators of long-term stress differed between the groups where an increased severity was associated with higher levels of burnout and sleep problems.CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests an association between symptom severity and measures of long-term stress and sleep quality. This has implications for the treatment of persons affected by BRS, because not only the environment needs to be treated, but also the concurrent signs of distress, such as burnout or sleep problems.
9.	Feng, Meng-Yao, et al. (author) Work-Related Stress and Occurrence of Cardiovascular Disease A 13-Year Prospective Study 2022 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:11, s. 927-933 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of work-related psychological and physical stresses on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods : A total of 5651 CVD-free participants older than 50 years from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were followed up for 13 years to detect incident CVD. Work-related stress was assessed using job strain and job reward questionnaire. Cox regression model was used to estimate the association. Results: High physical demands (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30) and low reward (HR, 1.19) compared with their counterparts, as well as active physical jobs (HR, 1.41) and high physical strain (HR, 1.45) in comparison with low physical strain were associated with higher risk of incident CVD after adjusting for confounders. However, combining physically stressful jobs with low reward did not further increase the CVD risk. Conclusions: Avoiding physically stressful jobs or providing appropriate reward may reduce the occurrence of CVD.
10.	Fredin-Knutzén, Johan, et al. (author) Train drivers' work-related stress and job satisfaction 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 775-782 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives: This study investigated which work-related stressors are rated highest by train drivers and which are strongest correlated with consideration to change profession.Methods: In a questionnaire, a total of 251 Swedish train drivers rated 17 work-related stressors, to which extent they had considered quitting their profession, and if they had experienced a PUT (person under train) accident.Results: PUTs (when experienced) and irregular work hours are the main stressors, but the strongest predictors of consideration to change profession are those that are encountered often, and last over time (eg, irregular work hours, r = 0.61, and major organizational changes, r = 0.51).Conclusions: For effective reduction of stress and improved job satisfaction, focus should be on aspects that affect everyday life for drivers, such as better working shifts, less delays, and improved social climate.
11.	Fredin-Knutzén, Johan, et al. (author) Train drivers' work-related stress and job satisfaction 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 775-782 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives This study investigated which work-related stressors are rated highest by train drivers, and which are strongest correlated with consideration to change profession.Methods In a questionnaire, a total of N = 251 Swedish train drivers rated 17 work-related stressors, to which extent they had considered quitting their profession, and if they had experienced a PUT (person under train) accident.Results PUTs (when experienced) and irregular work-hours are the main stressors, but the strongest predictors of consideration to change profession are those that are encountered often, and last over time (e.g., irregular work-hours, r = .61; and major organizational changes, r = .51).Conclusions For effective reduction of stress and improved job satisfaction, focus should be on aspects that affect everyday life for drivers, such as better working shifts, less delays, and improved social climate.
12.	Helgesson, Magnus, et al. (author) Sickness Absence and Sickness Presence Among Health and Care Employees in Sweden-Health Complaints, Health Behavior, and Future Long-Term Sickness Absence 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:6, s. 514-520 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To describe if health complaints relate to health behavior in terms of sickness absence (SA) and sickness presence (SP) and to examine how complaints and health behavior predicts the risk for future long-term sickness absence (LTSA).Methods: Data originates from work environment surveys 2001 to 2013 and SA registers 2002 to 2016 of 1838 nurses, 7430 care assistants, and 40,515 individuals in all other occupations. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted.Results: Physical complaints and high SA in combination with high SP increased the risk of LTSA among nurses and care assistants. Nurses' high SP and care assistants' high SA elevated the LTSA risk.Conclusions: Strategies to reduce the reasons behind physical health complaints among health care workers are warranted. SP among nurses and SA among care assistants should be considered in the organization of their job demands.
13.	Hellman, Therese, et al. (author) A Mixed-Method Study of Providing and Implementing a Support Model Focusing on Systematic Work Environment Management 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:4, s. E160-E166 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Aims: To explore how a support model (Stamina) targeting the systematic work environment management was experienced, provided and implemented in Swedish municipalities. Methods: A mixed method approach was applied, including material from interviews and questionnaire. The questionnaire was answered by 123 persons (67.5%), and 18 participants were interviewed twice during a one year period. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis. Results: The participants followed the structure of the Stamina model in their practical work. Still, there was variation in the practical provision of the model. The implementation was supported by their organizations and was influenced by various actors. Creating commitment was an essential part to facilitate implementation. Conclusion: To promote implementation of the Stamina model, there is a need to create commitment among stakeholders that will participate in the implementation.
14.	Hoffmann, Sofie Have, et al. (author) Workplace Violence and Long-term Sickness Absence Assessment of the Potential Buffering Effect of Social Support in Two Occupational Cohort Studies 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:10, s. 830-838 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives:We aimed to determine the effect of workplace violence on long-term sickness absence, and whether social support from supervisors and colleagues buffer this effect.Methods:Information on workplace violence and social support were derived from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study in 2000, 2005, and 2010 and the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health in 2006 and 2008. Individual- and joint-effects on register-based long-term sickness absence were determined using logistic regression models for repeated measurements. Cohort-specific estimates were combined in random effect meta-analyses.Results:Workplace violence and low social support were independently associated with a higher risk of long-term sickness absence, and we did not find evidence of an interaction.Conclusion:Exposure to workplace violence is a risk factor for long-term sickness absence while social support is associated with a lower risk of long-term sickness absence.
15.	Hultqvist, Jenny, 1966, et al. (author) Managers´ Influence on the Prevention of Common Mental Disorders in the Workplace : A Cross-Sectional Study among Swedish Managers 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:12, s. 1008-1016 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To investigate the association between managers' attitudes towards subordinates with common mental disorders (CMD), self-confidence in supporting these subordinates and managerial preventive actions (MPAs).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Swedish managers (n = 2988) and two types of MPAs: reviewing assignments and work situation (MPA-review); talking about CMD at the workplace (MPA-talk). Binary logistic regression models were applied and adjusted for individual and organizational covariates.Results: Managers with negative attitudes towards subordinates with CMD were less likely to have done both MPAs. Managers with higher self-confidence in supporting these subordinates were more likely to have done both MPAs compared with managers with lower self-confidence.Conclusions: Managerial negative attitudes towards CMD and self-confidence in supporting subordinates with CMD have a role in MPAs and should be addressed in manager training programmes to encourage preventive actions. Copyright © 2023 American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
16.	Jalasto, Juuso, et al. (author) Mortality associated with occupational exposure in Helsinki, Finland : a 24-year follow-up 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:1, s. 22-28 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives Our objective was to study mortality related to different obstructive lung diseases, occupational exposure, and their potential joint effect in a large, randomized population-based cohort. Methods We divided the participants based on the answers to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnoses and occupational exposure and used a combined effects model and compared the results to no asthma or COPD with no occupational exposure. Results High exposure had a hazards ratio (HR) of 1.34 (1.11-1.62) and asthma and COPD coexistence of 1.58 (1.10-2.27). The combined effects of intermediate exposure and coexistence had an HR of 2.20 (1.18-4.09), high exposure with coexistence of 1.94 (1.10-3.42) for overall mortality, and sub-HR for respiratory-related mortality of 3.21 (1.87-5.50). Conclusions High occupational exposure increased overall but not respiratory-related mortality hazards, while coexisting asthma and COPD overall and respiratory-related hazards of mortality.
17.	Jalasto, J., et al. (author) Mortality Associated With Occupational Exposure in Helsinki, Finland-A 24-Year Follow-up 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:1, s. 22-28 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract ObjectivesOur objective was to study mortality related to different obstructive lung diseases, occupational exposure, and their potential joint effect in a large, randomized population-based cohort.MethodsWe divided the participants based on the answers to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnoses and occupational exposure and used a combined effects model and compared the results to no asthma or COPD with no occupational exposure.ResultsHigh exposure had a hazards ratio (HR) of 1.34 (1.11-1.62) and asthma and COPD coexistence of 1.58 (1.10-2.27). The combined effects of intermediate exposure and coexistence had an HR of 2.20 (1.18-4.09), high exposure with coexistence of 1.94 (1.10-3.42) for overall mortality, and sub-HR for respiratory-related mortality of 3.21 (1.87-5.50).ConclusionsHigh occupational exposure increased overall but not respiratory-related mortality hazards, while coexisting asthma and COPD overall and respiratory-related hazards of mortality.
18.	Lenander-Ramirez, Alexander, et al. (author) Respirable Dust and Silica - Respiratory Diseases Among Swedish Iron Foundry Workers 2022 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:7, s. 593-598 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: The mortality and morbidity pattern for respiratory diseases was determined in a cohort of 1,752 Swedish foundry workers, particularly for respirable silica dust exposure.METHODS: The morbidity follow-up in the Swedish National Non-primary Outpatient Register covered 2001 to 2017 (NPR; specialist not in care patients), the mortality from the National Causes of Death Register covered 2001 to 2017. Cumulative exposures to silica and dust were determined.RESULTS: The morbidity in COPD showed significantly increased risk for all exposure groups, as did silicosis in the high exposure group, these cases corresponded to silica exposure levels below 0.05 mg/m3. The mortality of all causes and respiratory diseases was significantly increased by cumulative silica exposure in the high exposure group.CONCLUSIONS: Significantly increased morbidity for respiratory diseases and COPD was determined at silica exposure levels below the current Swedish OEL.
19.	Lornudd, Caroline, et al. (author) A piece of the boardroom pie – An interview study exploring what drives Swedish corporate boards’ engagement in occupational health and safety 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:6, s. 389-397 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives: To investigate why boards of directors engage in occupational health and safety (OHS) and what influences their level of engagement.Methods: Thirty-four board members and chief executive officers at large companies from the manufacturing, construction, trade, and health/social care sectors were interviewed. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted.Results: Five drivers organized along a continuum explain why boards engage: legal compliance, untoward events, external expectations/regulations, business drivers, and moral values. Certain factors influence the level of engagement: board's OHS competence, owner's agenda, and competing needs.Conclusions: Boards continuously prioritize among multiple foci. If a board's total engagement is likened to a pie, the size of the OHS slice will depend on the drivers, as well as on the influencing factors. We suggest that even boards with many drivers can down-prioritize OHS under certain conditions.
20.	Löfgren, Anton, et al. (author) Nerve Function Impairment after Acute Vibration Exposure 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:2, s. 124-129 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the acute effects of hand-arm vibrations on the nerve functions of the hands, and the impact of the grip force applied to the vibrating tool during exposure.METHODS: Grip strength and perception of vibration, touch, and temperature were evaluated using QST before and after vibration exposure in 21 occupationally unexposed individuals. The procedure was performed twice, with a higher grip force being applied during exposure on the second occasion.RESULTS: Vibration perception was significantly impaired after both exposures. Grip strength, perception of touch and temperature were only significantly affected after the high grip force exposure.CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to hand-arm vibrations has acute effects on hand nerve function that are sensitive to the grip force applied during exposure.
21.	Molin, Fredrik, 1977-, et al. (author) Implementing New Working Practices Through a Structured Support Model for Systematic Work Environment Management : A Qualitative Study From Swedish Municipalities 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:5, s. E259-E266 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To describe factors that facilitate and hinder implementation of a structured support model focusing on psychosocial work environment in Swedish municipalities.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in six Swedish municipalities. In total, 63 semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with key stakeholders in the municipalities during a 2-year period. The consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) was used for data analysis.Results: Findings suggest that the support model needs to have an easy enough structure to understand and use, and it must be immediately applicable for work groups and employees. An important factor for facilitating implementation was the support from first-line managers and upper management.Conclusions: Upper management need to be committed to the model and communicate clearly to lower levels of the implementing organization on the purpose and objectives of the model.
22.	Montén, Adam, et al. (author) Occupational Quartz Exposure in a Population of Male Individuals-Association With Risk of Developing Atrial Fibrillation 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:6, s. e267-e272 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: Occupational quartz exposure is a health risk, with increased risk of developing lung, autoimmune diseases, and elevated mortality in cardiovascular diseases.METHODS: The population was obtained from the period 2005 to 2016 and consisted of 5237 cases of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Quartz exposure information was obtained through a Swedish job exposure matrix.RESULTS: The risk of developing AF was increased for the quartz-exposed male population who were within a year of having commenced employment OR 1.54; (95% CI 1.06-2.24); this increased in the age group 20 to 55 (OR 2.05; CI 95% 1.02-4.10).CONCLUSION: Our main conclusion is that quartz dust exposure may be related to increased risk of AF in high exposed (above 0.05 mg/m mean quartz dust) in men aged 20 to 55 years.
23.	Månsson, Jonas, et al. (author) COVID-19 Across Professions - Infection, Hospitalisation, and ICU Patterns in a Swedish County 2024 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: To study infection, hospitalisation, and admission to ICU for COVID-19 in different occupations and pandemic waves in a Swedish county.METHODS: Individual registry data of infection and hospitalisation were merged with occupational data in, this cross-sectional study. Infected, hospital- and ICU-admission were analysed by occupational groups.RESULTS: 22,095 cases of COVID-19 from 21 February 2021 to 31 August 2022 were identified. Healthcare workers and others working in close physical proximity showed a higher rate of confirmed COVID-19 infections in all waves and higher risk for hospital admission early in the pandemic. Exposure to diseases and physical proximity played a decisive role.CONCLUSION: Workers in close-contact occupations experienced a higher rate of confirmed infections throughout the pandemic and higher hospitalisation rates in the first pandemic wave, suggesting a need for more effective initial safety measures in a future pandemic.
24.	Rådman, Lisa, 1983-, et al. (author) Hand function after an electrical accident : a case-control study 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:3, s. 242-248 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: Electrical accidents cause both acute and long-term injuries. The care of acute injuries is somewhat standardized, but currently recommendations or assessment tools are not available for assessing the long-term effects of an accident on hand function.METHODS: A case-control study of 24 healthy controls and 24 cases, 1-5 years after an electrical accident and with self-reported neurosensory symptoms, was performed using three hand-function tests: the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, the Purdue Pegboard test and the Shape and Identification (STI) test.RESULTS: Compared to the control group, patients received statistically significantly lower scores for the DASH outcome measure and the Purdue Pegboard and for one finger on the STI test.CONCLUSION: Hand function is affected after an electrical accident in individuals with self-reported neurosensory symptoms.
25.	Saers, Johannes, 1975-, et al. (author) Occupational Dust Exposure as a Risk Factor for Developing Lung Function Impairment 2024 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 66:3, s. e93-e98 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: Dust exposure is high in several industries. We investigated associations of exposure in paper mills, wood pellet plants and iron foundries with lung function impairment.METHODS: Respirable silica, inhalable paper dust or inhalable wood dust were collected in personal samples and spirometry was performed. Multiple linear regression analyzed associations with FEV1%pred and FVC%pred.RESULTS: Wood pellet workers with high exposure to inhalable dust had lower FEV1%pred (95%CI) (-9.4(-16,-2.6)) and FVC%pred (-9.8(-15,-4.0)) compared with lowest exposure level. Workers at paper mills and foundries had no dose-dependent association but lower FEV1%pred and FVC%pred than in workers at wood pellets plants.CONCLUSIONS: Increased exposure to inhalable wood dust is associated with decreased lung function. Foundry and paper mill workers have generally lower lung function than wood pellet workers. Spirometry should be considered in workers in industries with airborne particulate matter pollution.
26.	Svensson, Sven, 1979-, et al. (author) Associations between telework experience and psychosocial working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional analysis among white-collar workers in Sweden 2023 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : WoltersKluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:2, s. e74-e82 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To determine to what extent pre-COVID-19 experience of telework was associated with perceived psychosocial working conditions (PWC; job demands, social support and influence at work) during the COVID-19 pandemic among white-collar workers in Sweden, and to determine to what extent the association depends on demographic factors, organizational tenure, and amount of computer use.Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data from 603 white-collar workers were collected October-December 2020 in an industrial company.Results: In general, telework experience was not significantly associated with PWC. Women who began teleworking due to COVID-19 reported more job demands than women not teleworking. For those who began teleworking due to COVID-19, managerial support increased with age.Conclusion: In general, telework experience was not associated with PWC, but telework due to COVID-19 may have influenced PWC differently depending on gender and age.
27.	Thorneus, Erik, et al. (author) Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluid and the Effect on Health Symptoms-An Intervention Study 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:10, s. E667-E672 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Exposure to metalworking fluid has been shown to cause health problems among workers. The aim of this study was to compare health outcomes and levels of exposure among workers exposed to metalworking fluid before and after the implementation of preventive measures. The frequencies of self-reported symptoms, as well as the concentrations of measured substances were lower after the implementation of preventive measures. Logistic regression showed statistically significant differences in the report of irritations, a stuffy or runny nose, eye irritation, a hoarse or dry throat, and a cough with odds ratios of 0.31 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21 to 0.47), 0.12 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.29), 0.13 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.28), and 0.24 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.46), respectively. This confirms the efficiency of the performed intervention and highlights the importance of eliminating the recirculation of contaminated air.
28.	Vihlborg, Per, 1978-, et al. (author) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Hand-Arm Vibration : A Swedish National Registry Case-Control Study 2022 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:3, s. 197-201 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate the increased risk for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in men and women with hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure.DESIGN: Case-control study of CTS where 4396 cases was obtained from National Outpatient Register between 2005 through 2016. Cases were matched to controls and exposure was estimated using a job exposure matrix.RESULTS: Exposure to HAV increased the risk of CTS with an OR of 1.61 (95% CI 1.46-1.77). The risk was highest in men <30 years of age and among women <30 years no increased risk was observed. The risk increased with a mean year exposure above 2.5 m/s2 to OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.38-2.46).CONCLUSIONS: HAV exposure increase the risk of CTS in both genders, with highest risk increase in younger men. This emphasize identification of HAV exposure in patients with CTS.
29.	Vihlborg, Per, 1978-, et al. (author) Serum Metabolites in Hand-Arm Vibration Exposed Workers 2020 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:7, s. 460-465 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To investigate whether low molecular organic biomarkers could be identified in blood samples from vibration exposed workers using a metabolomics.Methods: The study population consisted of 38 metalworkers. All participants underwent a standardized medical examination. Blood samples were collected before and after work shift and analyzed with gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Multivariate modeling (orthogonal partial least-squares analysis with discriminant analysis [OPLS-DA]) were used to verify differences in metabolic profiles.Results: Twenty-two study participants reported vascular symptoms judged as vibration-related. The metabolic profile from participants with vibration-induced white fingers (VWF) was distinctly separated from participants without VWF, both before and after vibration exposure.Conclusion: Metabolites that differed between the groups were identified both before and after exposure. Some of these metabolites might be indicators of health effects from exposure to vibrations. This is the first time that a metabolomic approach has been used in workers exposed to vibrations.
30.	Virtanen, Pekka, et al. (author) Locked in Permanent Employment : Longitudinal Associations With Depressive and Functional Somatic Symptoms 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:7, s. 588-593 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To study mental health as a precedent and an outcome of not being in the preferred job ("locked-in situation"). Methods: Longitudinal data from age 16 to 43 were derived from surveys of the Northern Swedish Cohort. Changes in mental health were studied with analyses of variance for repeated measures. Results: Getting out of locked-in situation was associated with improving and getting into locked-in with worsening mental health between age 30 and age 43. The worsening was more pronounced and the improvement less pronounced in white-collar than in blue-collar employees. Poor mental health at age 16 predicted locked-in situation in early middle age. Conclusions: The findings clarify the bidirectional nature of the associations between locked-in situation and poor mental health, as well as the importance of social class in assessing these associations.
31.	Westerlund, Jessica, 1983-, et al. (author) Occupational Exposure to Trichloramine and Endotoxins : Adverse Health Effects Among Personnel in Adventure and Rehabilitation Swimming Pool Facilities 2022 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:5, s. 361-369 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: To study occupational exposure to trichloramine and endotoxins in air at adventure and rehabilitation swimming pool facilities from an adverse health effects perspective.METHODS: Air concentrations of trichloramine and endotoxins were measured in five adventure and 10 rehabilitation facilities. Respiratory and ocular symptoms were self-reported, and spirometry and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) were measured.RESULTS: Compared to rehabilitation facilities, the mean trichloramine concentrations in the adventure facilities were higher, both personal (80 μg/m3 (n = 41) vs 19 μg/m3 (n = 21)) and stationary (183 μg/m3 (n = 51) vs 23 μg/m3 (n = 32)), with higher frequency of ocular and respiratory symptoms. Low stationary endotoxin levels (<0.64 to 25 EU/m3) were found, compared to the reference value (90 EU/m3).CONCLUSIONS: Higher trichloramine concentrations in air and more ocular and respiratory symptoms in adventure facilities call for adequate occupational exposure limits.
32.	Wrangel, Oscar, et al. (author) Silica Dust Exposure Increases Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis : A Swedish National Registry Case-Control Study 2021 In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:11, s. 951-955 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. This study examines if silica dust exposure increases the risk for seropositive and seronegative RA.METHODS: A nationwide registry case-control study was conducted that included all cases of RA in Sweden between 2005 and 2016. In total, 31,139 cases with two matched controls were included. A JEM was used to estimate exposure.RESULTS: Silica dust exposure was associated with a statistically significant increase in odds ratio (OR) for seropositive (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.40) and seronegative (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.46) RA among men.CONCLUSION: This study found an increased OR for RA in silica-exposed men. The OR was equal for seropositive and seronegative RA. These findings further support the hypothesis that silica dust may be a trigger for RA.

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