| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Baniak, L. M., et al.
(author)
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Obstructive sleep apnea and self-reported functional impairment in revascularized patients with coronary artery disease in the RICCADSA trial
- 2018
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In: Sleep Breath. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 22:4, s. 1169-1177
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Daytime sleepiness, a frequent symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), can impact functional status. In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and concomitant OSA, the distinction between sleep-related functional impairment from underlying CAD versus OSA is unclear. This study evaluated the impact of OSA on sleep-related functional impairment in patients with CAD and compared the effect of 1-year continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use on change in impairment between those with and without excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and OSA. We hypothesized that sleep-related functional impairment is impacted by EDS independent of OSA in patients with CAD. METHODS: One hundred five CAD patients without OSA and 105 with moderate-to-severe OSA from the RICCADSA trial were matched on disease severity and included in the current substudy. Of those with OSA, 80 were allocated to CPAP. Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ) score < 17.9 corresponded to sleep-related functional impairment. RESULTS: Following revascularization, CAD patients with and without OSA frequently report sleep-related functional impairment (35% and 27.3%, respectively; p = .29). Moderate-to-severe OSA was not related to baseline FOSQ scores < 17.9 in regression analyses; EDS was (OR 4.82, 95% CI 2.12-11.0; p < .001). CPAP use significantly improved FOSQ scores from baseline to 1-year follow-up in OSA patients with EDS (17.2 +/- 2.0 to 18.15 +/- 1.7, p = .002) despite suboptimal adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep-related functional impairment may be reflective of persistent EDS, independent of OSA. Diagnosing OSA and initiating treatment are worthwhile in individuals with CAD and EDS, as both are important to guide appropriate therapy in patients with CAD.
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| 3. |
- Broström, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of the Ethos Brief Index (EBI) using factorial structure and Rasch Analysis among patients with obstructive sleep apnea before and after CPAP treatment is initiated
- 2019
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 23:3, s. 761-768
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Continuous positive airway treatment (CPAP) is the recommended treatment for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Outcome measures often focus on clinical and/or self-rated variables related to the medical condition. However, a brief validated instrument focusing on the whole life situation (i.e., ethos) suitable for clinical practice is missing. The aim of this study was to investigate factorial structure, categorical functioning of the response scale, and differential item functioning across sub-populations of the Ethos Brief Index (EBI) among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods A prospective design, including 193 patients with OSA (68% men, 59.66 years, SD 11.51) from two CPAP clinics, was used. Clinical assessment and overnight respiratory polygraphy were used to diagnose patients. Questionnaires administered before and after 6 months of CPAP treatment included EBI, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and global perceived health (initial item in SF-36). The validity and reliability of the EBI were investigated using Rasch and confirmatory factor analysis models. Measurement invariance, unidimensionality, and differential item functioning across gender groups, Apnea-Hypopnea Index, and ESS groups were assessed. Results The reliability of the EBI was confirmed using composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha. The results supported unidimensionality of the EBI in confirmatory factor analysis and the Rasch model. No differential item functioning was found. A latent profile analysis yielded two profiles of patients with low (n = 42) and high (n = 151) ethos. Patients in the low ethos group were younger and had higher depression scores, lower perceived health, and higher body mass index. Conclusions The EBI is a valid tool with robust psychometric properties suitable for use among patients with OSA before and after treatment with CPAP is initiated. Future studies should focus on its predictive validity.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Eva Wiman, et al.
(author)
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A prospective 10-year follow-up polygraphic study of patients treated with a mandibular protruding device
- 2015
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 19:1, s. 393-401
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This 10-year follow-up prospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with a mandibular protruding device (MPD) on respiratory parameters and subjective symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or snoring. Seventy-seven consecutive patients diagnosed with OSA or snoring were treated with an MPD. At baseline and the 10-year follow-up, a polygraphic examination and questionnaires on sleep quality were administrated and weight, and neck size was measured. At the 10-year follow-up, we examined 64 of the 77 patients and recorded their current treatment (45 MPD, 9 continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and 10 no treatment). For MPD patients, 89 % reported MPD use every night and 9 % several nights a week. Compared to baseline, MPD users with OSA had a significantly decreased oxygen desaturation index (ODI) (p = 0.006) and increased lowest arterial oxygen saturation, SaO(2) nadir (p = 0.007) after 10 years. MPD treatment was successful for 70 % of OSA patients, yet 89 % subjectively considered themselves cured, indicating overestimation of the treatment effect. OSA patients who responded to treatment maintained baseline weight and neck size, while these increased for non-responders. Of the baseline snorers still using an MPD, 93 % maintained an ODI value of < 5. All CPAP users had an ODI value of < 5. Both OSA and snorers using an MPD had significantly fewer self- and relative reports of snoring, apnea, daytime tiredness, and poor night sleep quality (p < 0.001). MPD treatment is well tolerated and effective in a long-term, 10-year perspective. Weight gain may jeopardize MPD effects. Both patients and relatives reported significantly less snoring and fewer periods of apnea.
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| 5. |
- Igelström, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Improvement in obstructive sleep apnea after a tailored behavioural sleep medicine intervention targeting healthy eating and physical activity : a randomised controlled trial
- 2018
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 22:3, s. 653-661
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the present single-centre randomised controlled trial was to assess the effect of a behavioural sleep medicine (BSM) intervention on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in patients who have been referred for new treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).METHODS: After baseline assessment including ventilatory and anthropometric parameters, and physical activity monitoring, 86 patients who were overweight (BMI ≥ 25) and had moderate-severe OSA with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15 were randomised into a control group (CG; CPAP and advice about weight loss) or an experimental group (ExpG; CPAP and BSM intervention targeting physical activity and eating behaviour). The BSM intervention comprised 10 individual sessions with a dietician and a physiotherapist and included behaviour change techniques such as goal setting and self-monitoring. After 6 months, a new recording of ventilatory parameters was performed without CPAP.RESULTS: In ExpG, 40% (n = 14) had improved from severe to moderate or mild OSA or from moderate to mild OSA compared to 16.7% in CG (n = 6, p = 0.02). Further, a lower AHI and amount body fat at baseline were correlated with improvement in severity class. Being in ExpG implied a mean improvement in AHI by 9.7 and an odds ratio of 4.5 for improving in severity classification.CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the clinical importance of lifestyle modifications in conjunction with CPAP treatment in patients with OSA.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Sleep disordered breathing, hypoxia and inflammation : associations with sickness behaviour in community dwelling elderly with and without cardiovascular disease
- 2015
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 19:1, s. 263-271
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Inflammation can induce a cluster of symptoms, referred to as sickness behaviour (e.g., depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, pain and fatigue). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are common in older adults. CVD is associated with an increased inflammatory activity and in SDB, hypoxia can also increase inflammation. The purpose of this study is to explore if SDB-related hypoxia is associated differently with inflammation and the presence of sickness behaviour in older adults with and without CVD.METHODS:Three hundred and thirty-one older adults, whose mean age is 78 years, underwent one-night polygraphic recording to measure SDB and hypoxia. CVD was established by a clinical investigation. Questionnaires were used to measure sickness behaviour and depressive symptoms. High sensitivity C-reactive protein was used as a marker of inflammation.RESULTS:Structural Equation Modelling showed that SDB-related hypoxia was associated with inflammation (β > 0.40) which mediated indirect associations with sickness behaviour (β = 0.19) and depressive symptoms (β = 0.11), but only in those with CVD (n = 119). In this model, inflammation had a direct effect on sickness behaviour (β = 0.43) and an indirect effect on depressive symptoms (β = 0.24). Hypoxia had the strongest effect (i.e., β = 0.41; significant) on inflammation, whereas the AHI or ODI had weak and non-significant effects (β = 0.03 and β = 0.15).CONCLUSIONS:Older adults with CVD and SDB are at a particular risk of developing sickness behaviour and depressive symptoms. The effect of SDB was mainly caused by hypoxia, suggesting that hypoxia is an important marker of SDB severity in older adults with CVD.
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| 7. |
- Marklund, Marie
(author)
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Long-term efficacy of an oral appliance in early treated patients with obstructive sleep apnea
- 2016
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 20:2, s. 689-694
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of oral appliances (OAs) in early treated patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Polysomnographic sleep recordings without and with an OA were performed at treatment start and in patients who had been continuously treated with OAs for at least 15 years. Nine patients (eight men) with a median age of 68.1 years (interquartile range (IQR) 60.0 to 76.3 years) and a median treatment time of 16.5 years (IQR 16.3 to 18.0 years) were included. The apnea-hypopnea index decreased from a median of 17.3 (IQR 9.7 to 26.5) to 7.2 (IQR 4.0 to 9.6; p = 0.03) at the short-term follow-up. After long-term use, the apnea-hypopnea index was 32.4 (IQR 22.2 to 58.8) without the device and 35.1 (IQR 13.6 to 46.2) with it (p = 0.08). There were increases in the apnea-hypopnea index, both without the device (p = 0.02) and with it (p = 0.008). The degree of mandibular advancement did not differ between the two study occasions (p = 1.0). Patients treated with oral appliances may experience deteriorations in disease severity and treatment efficacy during continuous long-term OA treatment. Regular follow-up schedules with renewed sleep apnea recordings should be considered for these patients in order to avoid suboptimal or a total loss of effects on sleep apneas.
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| 8. |
- Marklund, Marie, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of elderly patients with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea using a mandibular advancement device
- 2015
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 19:1, s. 403-405
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The simplicity of oral appliance therapy in the treatment of adult patients with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has resulted in a worldwide interest for this treatment modality. Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) that hold the lower jaw forward during sleep are mainly indicated for patients with milder OSA and those with CPAP intolerance. There has been minor attention on age when suggesting treatment alternatives for patients with OSA. Some studies indicate that there is a weak negative relationship between treatment success from MADs and higher age, but no studies have stratified their samples with respect to age.OBJECTIVE: The present aim was to compare the effects and side effects from MADs between an elderly group of patients (>65 years of age) and a younger age group that were extracted from two of our previous studies.RESULTS: The results showed no difference between the elderly and the younger patients in success rate or the degree of bite changes from MAD treatment.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that MADs represent an alternative to CPAP irrespective of the age of the patient.
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| 9. |
- Norrhem, Niclas, et al.
(author)
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An oral appliance with or without elastic bands to control mouth opening during sleep-a randomized pilot study
- 2016
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 20:3, s. 929-938
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Oral appliances (OAs) hold the lower jaw forward to reduce obstructive sleep apneas. Some OA designs allow mouth opening, which influences the forward positioning of the lower jaw. The aim of this pilot study was to compare the efficacy of an adjustable, custom-made OA (NarvalA (R)) in its original design, which allowed mouth opening, with the same OA with elastic bands that restricted mouth opening. Consecutive patients with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of aeyen15 were randomized to start with an OA either with or without elastic bands in a single-blinded, crossover, pilot study. The patients underwent acclimatization and titration. After 3 weeks use of each device, they had renewed sleep apnea recordings and responded to questionnaires. Washout periods took place between the tests. Ten subjects with a median AHI of 19.7 (interquartile range (IQR) 17.3 to 31.8) were included. The AHI decreased to 3.1 (IQR 1.5-14.7) (p < 0.01) with the OA and to 5.1 (IQR 2.4-14.3) (p < 0.01) with the OA with elastic bands, with no difference between them (p = 0.7). The two subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) almost halved their supine AHI with, as compared to without, elastic bands. The majority of the patients preferred to use the elastic bands. This pilot study indicates that elastic bands markedly reduced the supine AHI in two subjects with severe sleep apnea as compared to without elastic bands. The majority of the patients preferred the use of elastic bands, although no significant difference in the AHI was observed with versus without the elastic bands in the whole sample.
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| 10. |
- Norrhem, Niclas, et al.
(author)
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Changes in lower incisor irregularity during treatment with oral sleep apnea appliances
- 2017
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 21:3, s. 607-613
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that a flexible oral appliance without incisor coverage (OAFlex) increases the irregularity of the front teeth compared with a rigid appliance with incisor coverage (OARigid) in patients treated for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Method and patients: Nineteen patients (10 men) who had used OARigid and 22 patients (19 men) who had used OAFlex with a median age of 61 years (IQR of 56 to 67 years) who had been treated during a median period of 2.9 years (IQR of 2.7 to 3.1 years) were included in the study. There was no difference in age (p = 0.601) or treatment time (p = 0.432) between the two appliance groups. The patients had clinical examinations, responded to a questionnaire, and had impressions taken for plaster casts. The irregularity of the front teeth was measured by Little’s Index, where the combined linear displacement of all the front teeth is assessed. Changes between baseline and follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results: The OAFlex group increased the irregularity of their lower front teeth by 0.3 mm (p = 0.018), while the OARigid group had unchanged frontal irregularity (p = 0.717). The difference between the groups was significant (p = 0.035). There were no changes in the irregularity of the upper front teeth in either group. Patient satisfaction with treatment did not differ between the two appliances.Conclusions: The present results support the hypothesis that a flexible OA without incisor coverage increases the irregularity of the lower front teeth compared with a rigid OA with incisor coverage.
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| 11. |
- Sarberg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Sleepiness and sleep disordered breathing during pregnancy
- 2016
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 20:4, s. 1231-1237
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Study objectives: To investigate if sleep recordings show differences in prevalence of sleep-disturbed breathing among pregnant women compared to non-pregnant controls. To compare the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores between the two groups. To evaluate obstetric outcomes.Setting: At one antenatal care center at an outpatient unit in Linköping, Sweden.Participants: One hundred pregnant women (gestational week 24-34) and 80 non-pregnant women age- and body mass index-matched as controls.Interventions: Whole-night respiratory recordings were performed in the homes of all participants, who also answered the same questionnaire, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.Measurements and results: Objectively recorded snoring was more common among the pregnant women (median value 10% of total estimated sleep time) than among the non-pregnant controls (2.5% of total sleep time, p<0.001). The prevalence of obstructive events was low and similar in pregnant and non-pregnant women (1% vs. 3% had obstructive apnea-hypopnea index ≥5). The total ESS score was higher among pregnant women than controls (median 9 vs. 7, p<0.001) but no significant differences were found between the two groups in the scores for the separate items of the ESS. Sleep-disturbed breathing and snoring showed no impact on obstetric outcome. There were no significant associations between either subjectively reported or objectively recorded snoring and ESS scores.Conclusion: Snoring increases during pregnancy, but sleep recordings could not verify an increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among pregnant women. Development of obstructive sleep apnea is not a likely explanation for the increased daytime sleepiness seen in pregnant women.
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| 12. |
- Schwarz, Johanna F. A., et al.
(author)
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The effect of partial sleep deprivation on computer-based measures of fitness to drive
- 2016
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 20:1, s. 285-292
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Using a partial sleep deprivation paradigm, the aim of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of a computer-based test battery of fitness to drive to detect impairments related to sleepiness.METHODS: Forty-seven healthy subjects (34 females, mean age 26.0 ± 6.8 years) participated in a counterbalanced within-subject design of two conditions: (i) normal night sleep and (ii) partial sleep deprivation (PSD) with 4 h time in bed. For the assessment of fitness to drive, we used a validated traffic psychological test battery. Moreover, well-established measures of sleepiness highly responsive to sleep deprivation were applied: the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), pupillography (Pupil Unrest Index (PUI) as physiological sleepiness indicator) and two sustained attention tasks (psychomotor Vigilance Task and Mackworth Clock Test).RESULTS: Subjective and physiological sleepiness were significantly increased after PSD, accompanied by large (d > 1.50 for KSS) and medium (d = 0.55 for PUI) effect sizes. Sleepiness-related performance decrements were found in both sustained attention tasks (d = 0.59-0.77). Assessing driving-related ability, PSD induced decrements only in the test domain Reaction Test (reaction time d = 0.54 and motor time d = 0.45). All other subtests-as well as the overall judgement of fitness to drive-were not significantly affected by PSD.CONCLUSION: In contrast to established tests of sustained attention and subjective sleepiness, computer-based test batteries of fitness to drive might lack sensitivity to core aspects of sleepiness as they mainly consist of short and stimulating subtests. Therefore, tasks that require sustained attention should be an essential part of traffic psychological test batteries when sleepiness is a potential issue.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Takács, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Reliability and Validity of the Hungarian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-HUN) : comparing psychiatric patients with control subjects
- 2016
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 20:3, s. 1045-1051
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeThe Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is used to evaluate subjective sleep quality, and it is commonly used in clinical research. Subjective sleep quality is also an important clinical measure in patients with psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Hungarian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-HUN) in both clinical and non-clinical samples.MethodsThe original version of PSQI was translated into Hungarian according to standard guidelines. The PSQI-HUN and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) were subsequently administered to 53 psychiatric patients (schizophrenia, recurrent depressive disorder, mixed anxiety, and depressive disorder) and 178 healthy controls.ResultsInternal consistency as measured by Cronbach’s alpha in the whole sample was 0.79. Pearson’s product-moment correlations between component scores and the global scores were high (0.59–0.88) in the PSQI-HUN indicating the homogeneity of the scale. PSQI-HUN global and component scores differed significantly between psychiatric patients and control subjects. In the psychiatric patient subsample, schizophrenics had lower global scores compared to the other two patient groups. The analysis of convergent validity showed significant correlations between the AIS and the global as well as the component scores of the PSQI-HUN (except the component of sleep latency).ConclusionsThe present study concludes that the PSQI-HUN is a reliable, valid, and standardized measure for assessment of the subjective sleep quality in clinical and research settings.
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| 17. |
- Thorarinsdottir, Elin H., et al.
(author)
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Serum ferritin and obstructive sleep apnea-epidemiological study
- 2018
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 22:3, s. 663-672
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeFerritin is an intracellular iron storage protein and a marker of inflammation. Studies have shown that subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have higher levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, but little is known about the association between ferritin and OSA. The aims of the study were to evaluate serum ferritin (S-Ferritin) levels in OSA patients compared to levels in the general population and also examine the effect of obesity level and treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) on S-Ferritin levels.MethodsThe OSA subjects (n=796) were part of the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort. The control subjects (n=637) were randomly chosen Icelanders who participated in an epidemiological study. Propensity score (PS) methodologies were employed to minimize selection bias and strengthen causal inferences when comparing non-randomized groups. S-Ferritin levels were measured and all participants answered the same detailed questionnaire about sleep and health. Only OSA patients underwent a sleep study and were re-invited for a 2-year follow-up.ResultsS-Ferritin levels were significantly higher in OSA males than controls (213.3 vs. 197.3g/L, p=0.007). However, after adjusting for confounders and using our PS methodology, no significant difference was found. S-Ferritin levels were not correlated with severity of OSA, obesity level, or clinical symptoms. Also, no significant change in S-Ferritin levels was found with 2years of PAP treatment.ConclusionsS-Ferritin levels are comparable in OSA patients and controls and do not change consistently with obesity level or PAP treatment in our sample.
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| 20. |
- Zou, Ding, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Chronic pulmonary disease is associated with pain spreading and restless legs syndrome in middle-aged women : a population-based study
- 2019
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Nature. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 23:1, s. 135-142
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Recent studies suggest an increased prevalence of chronic pain conditions and restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with chronic pulmonary disease (CPD). We analyzed the prevalence and risk factors for pain and RLS in a population-based sample of females with comorbid CPD.Method: Questionnaire-based data from 2745 women aged 18–64 years were analyzed regarding comorbid CPD status (severe bronchitis, emphysema, asthma). Pain status was assessed according to symptoms reflecting severity (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS rating 0–10) and duration and spreading (limited spread or widespread) of pain. A diagnosis of RLS was defined by four validated diagnostic criteria. Anthropometrics and co-morbidities were assessed as covariates in univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: Widespread pain was overrepresented in women with CPD (44.6 vs. 24.6%, p < 0.001). The odds ratio for widespread pain in women with CPD was 1.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–2.2, p < 0.001) in the fully adjusted model. Severe pain (VAS rating ≥ 7) was more prevalent in females with known CPD (28.8 vs. 15.4%, p < 0.001, odd ratio 1.4 (95% CI 1.0–1.9, p = 0.029)). The prevalence of RLS was 37.4 and 23.8% in subjects with or without CPD, respectively (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, CPD was associated with a 30% risk increase for RLS (odds ratio 1.3 (95% CI 1.0–1.7, p = 0.04)).Conclusion: This population-based study identified CPD as an independent risk factor for severe and widespread pain as well as for RLS. Further research addressing pathophysiological mechanisms linking CPD and chronic pain conditions/RLS is warranted.
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| 21. |
- Zou, Ding, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Insomnia and cardiorespiratory fitness in a middle-aged population : the SCAPIS pilot study.
- 2019
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In: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 23:1, s. 319-326
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The relationship between insomnia and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, has not been extensively studied. We aimed to assess the independent association between insomnia and CRF in a population-based cohort of subjects aged 50 to 64 years.METHODS: Subjects participating in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImaging Study (SCAPIS) pilot cohort (n = 603, men 47.9%) underwent a submaximal cycle ergometer test for estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Data on physical activity and sedentary time were collected via waist-worn accelerometers. An insomnia severity index score ≥ 10 was used to define insomnia.RESULTS: Insomnia was identified in 31.8% of the population. The VO2max was significantly lower in insomnia subjects compared with the non-insomnia group (31.2 ± 6.3 vs. 32.4 ± 6.5 ml* kg-1 *min-1, p = 0.028). There was no difference in objectively assessed physical activity or time spent sedentary between the groups. In a multivariate generalized linear model adjusting for confounders, an independent association between insomnia status and lower VO2max was found in men, but not in women (β = - 1.15 [95% CI - 2.23-- 0.06] and - 0.09 [- 1.09-0.92], p = 0.038 and 0.866, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: We found a modest, but significant, association between insomnia and lower CRF in middle-aged men, but not in women. Our results suggest that insomnia may link to cardiovascular disease via reduced CRF. Insomnia may require a specific focus in the context of health campaigns addressing CRF.
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