| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Luo, GL, et al.
(author)
-
Growth of high-quality Ge epitaxial layers on Si(100)
- 2003
-
In: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. - 0021-4922. ; 42:5B, s. 517-519
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A method of growing high-quality epitaxial Ge layers on a Si(100) substrate is reported. In this method, a 0.8 mum Si0.1Ge0.9 layer was first grown. Due to the large lattice mismatch between this layer and the Si substrate, many dislocations form near the interface and in the lower part of the Si0.1Ge0.9 layer. A 0.8 mum Si0.05Ge0.95 layer and a 1.0 mum top Ge layer were subsequently grown on the Si0.1Ge0.9 layer. The formed interfaces of Si0.05Ge0.95/Si0.1Ge0.9 and Ge/Si0.05Ge0.95 can bend and terminate the upward-propagated dislocations very effectively. The in situ annealing process was also performed for each individual layer. Experimental results show that the dislocation density in the top Ge layer can be greatly reduced, and the surface is very smooth, while the total thickness of the structure is only 2.6 mum.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Panev, Nikolay, et al.
(author)
-
Spectroscopic studies of random telegraph noise in InAs quantum dots in GaAs
- 2002
-
In: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 92:12, s. 7086-7089
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have observed and investigated random telegraph noise in the photoluminescence from InAs quantum dots in GaAs. The luminescence from a single quantum dot, exhibiting switching between two levels, has been spectrally resolved. The random telegraph noise is only observed in the presence of band filling. We find no spectral shift of the emission in the different states. It is only the intensity, mainly for higher energy peaks, that changes. The InAs quantum dots behave similarly to InP/GaInP and InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots, with respect to random telegraph noise. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.
|
|
| 13. |
- Saletti, A, et al.
(author)
-
Nutritional status according to mini nutritional assessment in an institutionalized elderly population in Sweden
- 2000
-
In: Gerontology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0304-324X .- 1423-0003. ; 46:3, s. 139-145
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- <i>Background:</i> In 1992, local municipalities in Sweden took over full responsibility for the long-term care of elderly. This has led to an increased care burden for the various assisted accommodation services run by the municipalities. <i>Objective:</i> Since ageing and chronic diseases are risk factors for protein-energy malnutrition, we evaluated the nutritional status of all individuals in assisted accommodation, i.e., service flats (SF), old people’s homes (OPH), group living for the demented (GLD), and nursing homes (NH), in three Swedish municipalities. <i>Methods:</i> Of 994 eligible subjects, 872 were examined; the average age was 84.5 ± 8 years, and 69% were female. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale (0–30 points) was used, consisting of 18 point-weighted questions in four categories, i.e., anthropometry, global and dietary issues, and self-assessment. <i>Results:</i> MNA <17, i.e., malnutrition, was noted in 36% of the study population. Divided according to accommodation type, the MNA scores were <17 in 21% of individuals in SF, 33% of those in OPH, 38% of those in GLD, and 71% of those in NH. The corresponding values for MNA scores 17–23.5 (risk for malnutrition) were 49, 51, 57, and 29%, respectively. Average body mass index (BMI) values were 24.2 ± 5 (SF), 23.6 ± 5 (OPH), 23.9 ± 4 (GLD), and 22.3 ± 4 (NH). BMI values ≤20 were found in 18% of those in SF, in 25% of those in OPH, in 19% of those in GLD, and in 33% of those in NH. Both MNA and BMI correlated with upper arm and calf circumference, with r values ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 (p < 0.001). MNA and BMI correlated significantly (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). Age correlated with MNA and BMI with r values of 0.1 (p < 0.01) and 0.14 (p < 0.001), respectively. Subjects with signficant help requirements during meals ate fewer whole meals per day than those who could feed themselves. <i>Conclusions:</i> Based on the MNA, one third of the study subjects living in assisted accommodation, and more than half of those living in NH, appeared to be malnourished. Further studies are necessary to assess to what extent these nutritional disturbances are reversible.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
