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| 2. |
- Berlin, Johanna, 1971, et al.
(author)
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A life cycle based method to minimise environmental impact of dairy production through product sequencing
- 2007
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In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 15:4, s. 347-356
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The trend of increasing the number of dairy products for sale affects their environmental impact in a life cycle perspective. During dairy processing, the production schedule is affected by more frequent product changes, hence also cleaning operations. This causes more milk waste, use of cleaning agents and water. The amount of milk waste depends on the product change technique used, which is determined by the characteristics of the product. A method was designed to calculate the sequence, which, for a given set of yoghurt products, minimises milk waste. A heuristic method, based on the strive to minimise production waste combined with production rules, was worked out. To determine whether the heuristic solution gives the best possible sequence from an environmental perspective, an optimisation was also made. The analytical method used for optimisation was able to handle 21 products and verified the heuristic method for a waste minimised sequence up to that level. It is also highly probable that for sequences including a greater number of items waste can be minimised with the same heuristic method. A successful demonstration of the possibility to make a more complete environmental assessment was fulfilled by connecting the sequencing model to conventional life cycle assessment methodology.
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| 3. |
- Berlin, Johanna, 1971, et al.
(author)
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Metod för utvärdering av miljöåtgärder realiserbara genom styrmedel
- 2006
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In: Styrmedelsanalys med livscykel- och innovationssystemperspektiv. Metod och fallstudier. Naturvårdsverkets rapport nr 2295, Stockholm. - Göteborg, Sverige : SIK Institutet för livsmedel och bioteknik.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 4. |
- Berlin, Johanna, 1971, et al.
(author)
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Product Chain Actors’ Potential for Greening the Product Life Cycle The Case of the Swedish Postfarm Milk Chain
- 2008
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In: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1530-9290 .- 1088-1980. ; 12:1, s. 95-110
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The challenge in working with environmental improvementsis to select the action offering the most substantial progress.However, not all actions are open to all actors in a productchain. This study demonstrates how life cycle assessment(LCA) may be used with an actor perspective in the Swedishpostfarm milk chain. The potential measures were identified,applied by the dairy, retailer, and household, that gave themost environmental improvement in a life cycle perspective.Improved energy efficiency, more efficient transport patterns,reduced milk and product losses, and organic labeling wereinvestigated. Milk, yogurt and cheese were considered. AfterLCAs of the products were established, improvement potentialsof the actors were identified and quantified. The quantificationwas based mostly on literature studies but also onassumptions. Then the LCAs were recalculated to include theestimated improvement potential. To find the action with thegreatest potential, the environmental impacts of the modifiedand original LCAs were compared for each actor. No actionwas superior to any other from the dairy perspective, but reducedwastage lowered most impacts for all three products.For retailers, using less energy is the most efficient improvement.From the household perspective, reducing wastage givesunambiguously positive results. When households choose organicproducts, reductions in energy use and greenhouse gasesare even larger, but eutrophication increases. Overall, householdshave greatest potential for improvement while yogurt isthe product offering the most improvement potential.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Discrete Event Simulation with Lifecycle Assessment Data at a Juice Manufacturing System
- 2008
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In: 2008 5th International Conference on Simulation and Modelling in the Food and Bio-Industry, FOODSIM 2008; Dublin; Ireland; 26 June 2008 through 28 June 2008. ; , s. 165-169
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to measure and evaluate productivity and environmental parameters simultaneously and in consideration to each other, they need to be presented on the same basis and put up on the same table, at the same time. Otherwise, while considering only parts of the relevant parameters at a time, there is a great risk for sub-optimisation. The study presented in this paper shows one way of putting productivity parameters such as batch size, batch frequency, production planning, and resource management on the same table as environmental parameters such as emissions, waste and energy consumption. This is done through the use of lifecycle assessment in combination with discrete event simulation. The result gives an example of a sound basis for decision-making when changes are to be made in the juice production system at hand. The presented case study gives information on energy consumption, waste and pollutants such as CO2, NOx, SO2, and ethene generated from production of juice. Results show that some changes of the system improves both environment and productivity, others improves one and worsens the other!
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| 6. |
- Landtblom, Anne-Marie, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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A case report of plasmapheresis treatment in a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and high anti-Yo antibody titers
- 2008
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In: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis. - : Wiley. - 1744-9979 .- 1744-9987. ; 12:1, s. 82-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration due to anti-Purkinje cell antibodies (anti-Yo) arising from ovarian carcinoma with metastases was treated with three plasmapheresis (PP) series (a total of 22 PP treatments) over one year and was monitored by repeated otoneurological testing, balance tests and clinical investigations. Blood samples for antibody titers were checked on several occasions. Initially there was a weak clinical response and significantly improved test results regarding the caloric response, as well as a possible effect on visual suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex after caloric ear irrigation. After the first series of PP treatment, new metastases were found. A half year later there was a progressive course with increasing general symptoms. Serology tests showed continuously high titers of anti-Yo antibody, although somewhat lower after PP. We thus report a minor and short-lived effect of PP, possibly inhibited by the natural course of metastatic disease. © 2008 International Society for Apheresis.
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| 7. |
- Leander, Karen, et al.
(author)
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Våld
- 2009
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In: Folkhälsorapport 2009. - Stockholm : Socialstyrelsen. ; , s. 339-372
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 8. |
- Tynngård, Nahreen, et al.
(author)
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Effects of intercept pathogen inactivation on platelet function as analysed by free oscillation rheometry
- 2008
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In: Transfusion and apheresis science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1473-0502 .- 1878-1683. ; 38:1, s. 85-88
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The Intercept Blood System, using InterSol as additive solution, is used for inactivation of contaminating pathogens in PCs, thus reducing the risk for transfusion transmitted infection and making it possible to prolong the storage period. This study aimed at investigating the ability of Intercept treated platelets to induce clot formation, as measured by coagulation time using free oscillation rheometry (FOR), and to compare with that of platelets in concentrates with the additive solution T-Sol or plasma. Methods: Seventy-four single-donor platelet units were diluted in InterSol (n = 27) or T-Sol (n = 47) to a mean plasma concentration of 38%. The Intercept treatment was performed by addition of amotosalen HCl to the InterSol PCs followed by UVA irradiation and treatment with a compound adsorption device (CAD). Forty-six units were collected and stored in 100% plasma for comparison. Clotting time was measured by FOR in fresh PCs (within 26 h after collection) after stimulation by a platelet activator. Soluble P-selectin was analysed as a marker of platelet activation in the Intercept and T-Sol PCs. Results: The clotting time was shorter for Intercept treated platelets compared to platelets in T-Sol and plasma (p < 0.05). There was no difference in clotting time between T-Sol and plasma PCs. Soluble P-selectin was higher for Intercept platelets than platelets in T-Sol (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The platelets treated with the Intercept procedure had good clot promoting capacity.
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| 9. |
- Tynngård, Nahreen, et al.
(author)
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The effect of gamma irradiation on the quality of apheresis platelets during storage for 7 days
- 2008
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 48:8, s. 1669-1675
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background:This study compares the quality of gamma-irradiated versus nonirradiated platelet (PLT) concentrates (PCs) during storage for 7 days as assessed by various in vitro methods. A new technique, free oscillation rheometry (FOR), which measures clotting time and coagulum elasticity, was also used to evaluate the PLT function. Study design and methods: Single-donor PLTs were collected by apheresis technique (n = 20). The PLTs from each donor were divided into two PCs, one gamma-irradiated with 25 Gy and the other used as a nonirradiated control. Blood gases, metabolic variables, and swirling were analyzed from Day 0. Samples taken on Days 1, 5, and 7 were also analyzed for hypotonic shock response (HSR), P-selectin, and glycoprotein (GP)Ib expression by flow cytometry and coagulation by FOR. Results: Swirling, HSR, and the percentage of GPIb-expressing cells were well maintained for 7 days of storage. pH was always within accepted range (6.4-7.4). Glucose decreased and lactate increased during the storage period (p < 0.05). P-selectin expression increased during storage (p < 0.05). The FOR clotting time remained constant, whereas the build-up of elasticity was slower after storage (p < 0.05). No difference was found between irradiated and nonirradiated PCs. Conclusion: The results indicate a well-preserved quality of gamma-irradiated apheresis PLTs during storage for 7 days as assessed by in vitro methods, with no difference compared to nonirradiated PLTs.
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| 10. |
- Tynngård, Nahreen, et al.
(author)
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The quality of platelet concentrates produced by COBE Spectra and Trima Accel during storage for 7 days as assessed by in vitro methods
- 2008
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 48:4, s. 715-722
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The quality of PLT concentrates (PCs) can be evaluated using various in vitro methods. A new technique, free oscillation rheometry (FOR), can be used to monitor coagulation properties of PCs and gives information on clotting time and coagulum elasticity. This study compared the quality of apheresis PCs produced by COBE Spectra and Trima Accel during storage for 7 days using in vitro tests including FOR. Study design and methods: Apheresis PCs were collected with the COBE Spectra (n=10) and Trima Accel (n=10) cell separators. Swirling, blood gases and metabolic parameters were analyzed on day 0. Samples taken on day 1, 5 and 7 were also analyzed for hypotonic shock response (HSR), P-selectin and GPIb expression and evaluation of coagulation by FOR. Results: Swirling, HSR and percent GPIb expressing PLTs were well maintained for 7 days whereas glucose decreased and lactate increased significantly during storage for both Spectra and Trima PCs. Percent P-selectin expressing cells increased to the same extent in both types of PCs during storage. pH increased between day 0 and 1 but then decreased. The clotting time remained constant throughout the storage period whereas the development of elasticity was reduced on day 5 and 7 compared to day 1 (p<0.05) for both types of PCs. Conclusion: The results indicate that the PLT quality after storage for 7 days is well preserved although activation of PLTs occurs during storage as assessed by in vitro tests. No difference in platelet quality was observed between Spectra and Trima produced PCs.
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