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| 2. |
- Blanco Penedo, Isabel, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of Bovine coronavirus-specific and Bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific antibodies in serum versus milk samples detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- 2014
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In: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1040-6387 .- 1943-4936. ; 26, s. 113-116
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bovine coronavirus (BCV; Betacoronavirus 1) and Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) are significant causes of enteric and respiratory disease in beef and dairy cattle throughout the world. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are widely used to detect serum antibodies for herd monitoring and prevalence studies. In dairy herds, milk is more readily collected than serum. Hence, in order to investigate the test agreement between serum and milk, both serum and milk samples from 105 cows in 27 dairy herds were analyzed in parallel for presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies to BCV and BRSV. The Bland-Altman analyses of data demonstrated good agreement between serum and milk antibody titers for both viruses. The results indicate milk samples are sufficient for surveillance of antibodies to BCV and BRSV.
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| 3. |
- Blanco Penedo, Isabel
(author)
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Effect of type of muscle and Cu supplementation on trace element concentrations in cattle meat
- 2011
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In: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6915 .- 1873-6351. ; 49, s. 1443-1449
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Considering that meat is an important source of metals exposure to humans it is important to explore trace element concentrations in different types of muscles. Because of the demonstrated effect of Cu-supplementation on mineral status, the influence of Cu-supplementation was also evaluated. Samples of four different muscles (diaphragm, cardiac, semitendinous and pectoral, n = 120) from beef calves receiving typical commercial diets Cu-supplemented (15 mg Cu(2)SO(4)/kg DM) and non-supplemented were taken and acid digested. The levels of non-essential (As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Sn) and essential (Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se and Zn) elements were analyzed by ICP-MS. The statistical analyzes included two way Anova, post hoc DHS Tukey and Spearman correlations. The most active and less fat containing muscles showed in general the highest essential and the lowest non-essential trace element accumulation. As and Hg muscular residues are indicative of animal exposure, however, in situations of an adequate mineral status, essential trace element concentrations in muscle are irrespective of the mineral status of the animal and could be possibly related to their own particular muscular metabolism. Cu-supplementation significantly reduced As but caused a significant decrease of Se, which could have significance for the animal's health. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Blanco Penedo, Isabel, et al.
(author)
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Effects of turning to 100% organic feed on metabolic status of Swedish organic dairy cows
- 2012
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In: Livestock Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1413 .- 1878-0490. ; 143, s. 242-248
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since January 2008 the ration for organic herds has been required to be 100% organic (Regulation No. 889/2008). However, this may not satisfy the high energy demands of early lactation cows. We thus investigated the possible effects of 100% organic feed on the energy balance in Swedish organic dairy herds as indicated by the following blood parameters (n = 739 observations): Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and insulin, and the occurrence of clinical ketosis (n = 8769 observations). Thirteen organic and 13 conventional herds were visited and blood samples from 81 cows around parturition ( >= 3 cows per herd) were used. The metabolic status of the same herds under the previous rules was available for comparison. The BHBA, NEFA and insulin levels were different before and after the change of legislation, but the effects were similar in organic and conventional cows. The incidence of clinical ketosis was not associated with herd type or the change of legislation. Thus the change in legislation did not appear to have had any detrimental effects on the metabolic profiles of organic cows in early lactation and there was no evidence that organic cows were metabolically more challenged or had a severe negative energy balance. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Blanco Penedo, Isabel, et al.
(author)
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Exposure to pasture borne nematodes affects individual milk yield in Swedish dairy herds
- 2012
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In: Veterinary Parasitology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-4017 .- 1873-2550. ; 188, s. 93-98
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The association between exposure to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitism, indicated by elevated individual optical density ratio (ODR) to Ostertagia ostertagi, and individual milk production was analysed in dairy cows. The multivariable analysis also accounted for other sources of variation than exposure to GIN parasitism. Intra- and inter-herd variation in parasite exposure was also evaluated. Organic and conventional herds located in south-east Sweden (13 herds per system) were visited during the housing period 2009-2010. Levels of all major pasture-borne helminths in Sweden (O. ostertagi, Fasciola hepatica and Dictyocaulus viviparus) were determined in bulk tank milk, cow milk and serum (only for O. ostertagi). Their specific antibodies were detected using three different ELISAs (Svanova Biotech) and the optical density of the sample was expressed as ODR. Positive cases of Dictyocaulus and Fasciola were seldom found. Variation in ODR in serum samples for Ostertagia was higher within herds than between herds. Correlations between ODR for Ostertagia in serum and milk parameters were significant and negative. In the multivariable analysis, two models were performed separating data from primiparous and multiparous cows. Results from mixed models showed that daily milk yield was significantly influenced by Ostertagia ODR for multiparous cows. No interactions were found between Ostertagia ODR values and herd type. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Blanco Penedo, Isabel, et al.
(author)
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The status of essential elements and associations with milk yield and the occurrence of mastitis in organic and conventional dairy herds
- 2014
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In: Livestock Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1413 .- 1878-0490. ; 168, s. 120-127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a lack of detailed information on the impact of organic feeding regulation on the health and well-being of cows. This has become especially important since January 2008 when the EU required 100% organic ration for organic dairy herds. The aim of this investigation was to determine and compare the levels of essential elements in organic and conventional dairy herds, and to associate them with milk yield and the occurrence of mastitis. The field study was carried out in 10 organic and 10 conventional herds from 2005 to 2010. This period included the point in time when the ration became 100% organic in organic dairy herds. Essential element concentrations (Cu, Co, Se, Zn, Mn, Mo, I and Fe) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in 158 serum samples. Associations between concentrations of elements and milk yield and mastitis were determined with mixed linear and logistic regression models, respectively. No significant differences in metal levels between organic and conventional herds were found. No severely deficient concentrations of essential elements were observed in organic herds, either before or after the change in regulation. Cows with low serum concentrations of Se had lower somatic cell counts. Daily milk yield was significantly influenced by deficient concentrations of Cu. For the evaluation of clinical mastitis occurrence, herds were classified for each element, based on the individual values of the sampled cows. Low levels of some elements (Se, I) were associated with a reduced risk of mastitis occurrence. However, other elements indicated a protective effect against mastitis. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Silverlås, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Cryptosporidium spp. in calves and cows from organic and conventional dairy herds
- 2013
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In: Epidemiology and Infection. - 0950-2688 .- 1469-4409. ; 141, s. 529-539
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A cohort study was performed to investigate cryptosporidial prevalence and species distribution in 13 organic and 13 conventional dairy herds. Faecal samples were collected from 221 calves and 259 cows. Management routines were recorded at farm inspection and through a questionnaire. Samples were concentrated using sodium chloride flotation and cryptosporidial oocysts were detected by epifluorescence microscopy. Molecular analysis was used to determine species and subtypes. A multivariable model for factors associated with calves being Cryptosporidium spp. positive was built. Cryptosporidium spp.-positive animals were identified in all herds. Prevalences were similar in organic and conventional calves (44.7% vs. 52.3%), as well as in cows (3.1% vs. 3.8%), P>0.05. Cryptosporidium bovis, C. ryanae and C. parvum were identified. C. ryanae was identified in a calf younger than the described prepatent period. The multivariable model included four significant variables; calf age, cleanliness of bedding, cleaning routines for group pens and farmers' attitudes towards biosecurity.
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