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- Adams, WC, et al.
(author)
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Adenovirus serotype 5 infects human dendritic cells via a coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor-independent receptor pathway mediated by lactoferrin and DC-SIGN
- 2009
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In: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 90:Pt 7, s. 1600-1610
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The coxsackievirus–adenovirus receptor (CAR) is the described primary receptor for adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5), a common human pathogen that has been exploited as a viral vector for gene therapy and vaccination. This study showed that monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs), such as freshly isolated human blood myeloid DCs, plasmacytoid DCs and monocyte-derived DCs, are susceptible to recombinant Ad5 (rAd5) infection despite their lack of CAR expression. Langerhans cells and dermal DCs from skin expressed CAR, but blocking CAR only partly decreased rAd5 infection, together suggesting that other receptor pathways mediate viral entry of these cells. Lactoferrin (Lf), an abundant protein in many bodily fluids known for its antiviral and antibacterial properties, promoted rAd5 infection in all cell populations except plasmacytoid DCs using a CAR-independent process. Lf caused phenotypic differentiation of the DCs, but cell activation played only a minor role in the increase in infection frequencies. The C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN facilitated viral entry of rAd5–Lf complexes and this was dependent on high-mannose-type N-linked glycans on Lf. These results suggest that Lf present at high levels at mucosal sites can facilitate rAd5 attachment and enhance infection of DCs. A better understanding of the tropism and receptor mechanisms of Ad5 may help explain Ad5 pathogenesis and guide the engineering of improved rAd vectors.
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- Borel, Cédric, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Oxalate- and Squarate-Biimidazole Supramolecular Synthons: Hydrogen-Bonded Networks Based on Co(H(2)biimidazole)(3) (3+)
- 2009
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In: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7505 .- 1528-7483. ; 9:6, s. 2821-2827
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The utility of R-2(2)(9) biimidazole-carboxylate, R-2(2)(10) biimidazole-oxalate/squarate and R-2(2) (9) biimidazole-(tris-oxalate) synthons is considered for crystal engineering of hydrogen-bonded networks based on [Co-III(H(2)biim)(3)](3+) cations (H(2)biim = 2,2-biimidazole) and oxalate, squarate or [M-III(C2O4)(3-) anions. Syntheses and crystal structures are described for [Co-III(H(2)biim)(3)](3-) [M-III(C2O4)(3)]center dot 2H(2)O (M = Cr, 1; M = Co, 2), [Co-III(H(2)biim)(3)](HC4O4)(3)center dot 2H(2)O, 3, and [Co-III(H(2)biim)(3)](C2O4)Cl center dot 5.5H(2)O, 4. Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural and comprise [Co(H(2)biim)(3)](3+) cations bridged by [M(oxalate)(3)](3-) anions in two directions and water molecules in the third direction to give a 3D H-bonded network. Both outer and inner 0 atoms of the coordinated oxalate ions act as H-bond acceptors, forming motifs closely related to the anticipated R-2(2)(9) biimidazole-(tris-oxalate) synthon. Compound 3 contains a more complex H-bond pattern in 3D, built from the intended R-2(2)(10) biimidazole-squarate synthon and additional H-bonds between protonated squarate molecules and water molecules. The structure of compound 4 (obtained with synchrotron radiation) contains layers in which stacked pairs of oxalate anions bridge between [Co-III(H(2)biim)(3)](3+) cations to form a dense 2D kgd-net, separated by layers of disordered chloride anions and H-bonded water molecules.
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- Page, M.J., et al.
(author)
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Business schools and lifelong learning : Inquiry, delivery or developing the inquiring mind
- 2006
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In: South African Journal of Business Management. - : AOSIS. - 0378-9098 .- 2078-5976 .- 2078-5585. ; 37:4, s. 1-5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ‘[V]irtually all public and private enterprises – including most successful corporations - are becoming dominantly repositories and coordinators of intellect’ (Quinn, 1992: 241). University based management schools play a role in harnessing this intellect by supporting the development of leaders with the capacity to think critically, to make choice and to facilitate implementation. As centers working with a higher proportion of mature executives, management schools are forced to address the complex resource issues surrounding knowledge accumulation and knowledge dissemination. Enhancing the capacity of our future leaders to contribute to society requires gifted academics – academics that expand the desire for inquiry in their students and thereby develop their capacities for self-driven lifelong learning. Are such academics teachers, researchers or hybrids?‘[We, researchers, should] not fall into the trap of answering questions of increasing irrelevance with increasing precision’ (John Gardner – cited in Davenport & Prusak, 2003: 87).
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- Sahu, Kailash C., et al.
(author)
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Transiting extrasolar planetary candidates in the Galactic bulge
- 2006
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 443:7111, s. 534-540
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- More than 200 extrasolar planets have been discovered around relatively nearby stars, primarily through the Doppler line shifts owing to reflex motions of their host stars, and more recently through transits of some planets across the faces of the host stars. The detection of planets with the shortest known periods, 1.2 - 2.5 days, has mainly resulted from transit surveys which have generally targeted stars more massive than 0.75 M-., where M-. is the mass of the Sun. Here we report the results from a planetary transit search performed in a rich stellar field towards the Galactic bulge. We discovered 16 candidates with orbital periods between 0.4 and 4.2 days, five of which orbit stars of masses in the range 0.44 - 0.75 M-.. In two cases, radial-velocity measurements support the planetary nature of the companions. Five candidates have orbital periods below 1.0 day, constituting a new class of ultra-short-period planets, which occur only around stars of less than 0.88 M-.. This indicates that those orbiting very close to more-luminous stars might be evaporatively destroyed or that jovian planets around stars of lower mass might migrate to smaller radii.
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