| 1. |
- Klapp Lekholm, Alli, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
The effect of being graded on later achievement : evidence from 13-year olds in Swedish compulsory school
- 2016
-
In: Educational Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0144-3410 .- 1469-5820. ; 36:10, s. 1771-1789
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate how grading of students in primary school affected achievement measured by grades one year later, and how the effect varied as a function of cognitive ability, gender and socio-economic status. The data derive from The Evaluation Through Follow Up longitudinal project. Through a national curriculum change one group of students received grades and one group of students did not receive grades in the 6th Grade, while both groups of students received grades in the 7th Grade. A quasi-experimental design was thus created, with two comparable groups of students. The subjects were 8558 students born in 1967. Several multiple regression models were fitted to the data. The results showed no main effects of grading on subsequent achievement, but there were important differential effects: graded students with low cognitive ability received lower subsequent grades. The results also showed interaction effects between gender and grading and between gender and cognitive ability.
|
|
| 2. |
- Brink, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(author)
-
Development of a Tool for Assessment of Post-Myocardial Infarction Fatigue
- 2018
-
In: Open Journal of Nursing. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; 08:11, s. 811-822
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: After treatment for myocardial infarction (MI) quite a few persons will experience different symptoms, including fatigue, during the recovery phase. The aim of the present study was to construct the multidimensional Post-Myocardial Infarction Fatigue (PMIF) scale, based on empirical data gathered in coronary heart disease contexts. Methods: The construction of the post-MI fatigue scale was conducted in seven steps, ending in a psychometric evaluation of the internal structure of the scale, using confirmatory factor analysis, as well as testing of convergent and discriminant validity, using correlational analysis, in a sample of 141 persons treated for MI. Results: The results showed that the PMIF scale represents three dimensions: physical, cognitive and emotional fatigue. It was also found that the scale is suitable for summing the items to obtain a total score representing a post-MI global fatigue dimension. Conclusion: The PMIF is a brief and easily completed scale for identifying persons experiencing post-MI fatigue. Early identification of fatigue, together with health behavior support, might prevent progression toward a more severe state of fatigue.
|
|
| 3. |
- Fors, Andreas, 1977, et al.
(author)
-
The Cardiac Self-Efficacy scale, a useful tool to evaluate person-centred care.
- 2015
-
In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 14:6, s. 536-543
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Cardiac self-efficacy is a person's belief in his/her ability to manage the challenges posed by a coronary disease, and its role has been evaluated in several coronary populations using the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE Scale). Self-efficacy has an important role in person-centred care, however there is a lack of appropriate instruments that evaluate person-centred interventions.AIM:The purpose of this study was to validate the CSE Scale by examining its psychometric properties as a first step in evaluating a person-centred care intervention in persons with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).METHODS:The study sample consisted of 288 persons (72 women, 216 men) who completed the Swedish version of the CSE Scale two months after hospitalisation for an ACS event. Construct validity was psychometrically evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity were tested using correlation analyses.RESULTS:The results revealed that the CSE Scale was represented by three dimensions (control symptoms, control illness and maintain functioning). The analyses also showed that the CSE Scale is suitable for providing a total summary score that represents a global cardiac self-efficacy dimension. Evaluation of convergent and discriminant validity showed the expected correlations.CONCLUSION:The CSE Scale is a valid and reliable measure when evaluating self-efficacy in patients with ACS. It also seems to be a useful tool to promote person-centred care in clinical practice since it may offer useful guidance in the dialogue with the patient in the common creation of a personal health plan.
|
|
| 4. |
- Gao, Han, et al.
(author)
-
Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 26:23-24, s. 4489-4497
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To translate the Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly into Simplified Chinese, and to test the Chinese version of the scale regarding its reliability and validity among older people.BACKGROUND: Self-care is an important topic in nursing. When assessing older people's self-care ability, it is essential that a reliable and valid instrument is used.DESIGN: This study employed across-sectional design.METHODS: We translated the English version of the Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly into Simplified Chinese according to Brislin's translation guidelines, and carried out a questionnaire survey among 610 older people, including both community-dwelling people and hospital patients, in Jinzhou City, People's Republic of China. Eighty participants completed the instrument twice for test-retest reliability. Data analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 and Mplus, version 5 to assess reliability and validity.RESULTS: A Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.89 and statistically significant item-to-total correlations showed evidence of homogeneity. An intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.99 for the test-retest between total scores and intra-class correlation coefficients between 0.87 and 0.99 for the test-retest scores of each item explained the almost perfect test-retest reliability noted in this study. Content validity was found to be good, and a three-factor model was obtained in an exploratory factor analysis, (explaining a variance of 57%), and modified in a confirmatory factor analysis (χ(2) =261.559, df=98, RMSEA=0.074; SRMR=0.059), which reflected an acceptable construct validity.CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the Chinese version of the Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly has sufficient psychometric properties for assessing self-care ability among older people in China.RELEVANCE FOR PRACTICE: A reliable and valid instrument is available to assess the self-care ability of older Chinese people. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Henry, Alastair, 1963-, et al.
(author)
-
The Impact of Out-of-School Factors on Motivation to Learn English : Self-discrepancies, Beliefs, and Experiences of Self-authenticity
- 2017
-
In: Applied Linguistics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0142-6001 .- 1477-450X. ; 38:5, s. 713-736
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- English is today learnt in multitudes of settings worldwide, making it difficult to characterize relationships between motivation and context in generalized terms (Ushioda 2013). In settings where students have extensive encounters with English outside school, a reluctance to invest effort in formal learning has been observed. To investigate ways in which out-of-school encounters impact on motivation, questionnaire data was obtained from 116 upper secondary students in Sweden. Structural equation modelling was used to test a series of hypotheses generated from emerging research into language learners identities, beliefs and self-authenticity appraisals. Results revealed that, compared to reference studies from settings where English lacks similar prominence, the Ideal L2 Self accounted for substantially less of the explained variance on a criterion measure. This can be accounted for by the limited discrepancy between current and ideal L2 selves. Results also indicate that beliefs about the efficacy of learning in natural environments have a negative impact on motivation in school, and that appraisals of self-authenticity may have a similar effect, although methodological challenges make this contention difficult to substantiate.
|
|
| 6. |
- Johansson, Ann-Caroline, et al.
(author)
-
The function of fatigue and illness perceptions as mediators between self-efficacy and health-related quality of life during the first year after surgery in persons treated for colorectal cancer.
- 2018
-
In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 27:7-8, s. e1537-e1548
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims and objectives: To measure changes in health‐related quality of life, two dimensions of illness perceptions (i.e., consequences and emotional representations), fatigue and self‐efficacy in persons treated for colorectal cancer during the first year after surgical treatment, and to study how fatigue, illness perceptions and self‐efficacy measured at 3 months affect health‐related quality of life at 12 months postsurgery. Background: There are fluctuations in health‐related quality of life during the first year after treatment for colorectal cancer, and fatigue may negatively influence health‐related quality of life. Illness perceptions (consequences and emotional representations) and self‐efficacy have been shown to be associated with health‐related quality of life in other cancer diagnoses. Concerning colorectal cancer, there is a lack of knowledge concerning how illness perceptions and self‐efficacy change during recovery, and how these variables and fatigue at 3 months relate to health‐related quality of life at 12 months. Design: A prospective longitudinal design. Methods: Thirty‐nine persons surgically treated for colorectal cancer, of whom 17 had a colostomy, participated. Health‐related quality of life, fatigue, illness perceptions and self‐efficacy were assessed using QLQ‐C30, the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Maintain Function Scale. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used. Results: No changes were reported in levels of health‐related quality of life, fatigue or illness perceptions. Self‐efficacy was lower at 12 months compared to 3 months. Fatigue and one dimension of illness perceptions mediated the effect of self‐efficacy at 3 months on health‐related quality of life at 12 months. Conclusion: Persons treated for colorectal cancer who have lower self‐efficacy 3 months postsurgery are inclined to have more negative illness perceptions concerning emotions and to experience more fatigue. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurses need to support persons with fatigue and negative illness perceptions concerning emotions and to bolster their self‐efficacy, that is carry out follow‐up consultations focusing on illness management, symptoms, emotions and information on ways to increase self‐efficacy.
|
|
| 7. |
- Söderhamn, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
-
Psychometric properties of Antonovsky's 29-item Sense of Coherence scale in research on older home-dwelling Norwegians.
- 2015
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:8, s. 867-874
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to test the homogeneity and construct validity of the Sense of Coherence 29-item scale (SOC-29) among older home-dwelling Norwegians.METHODS: A postal questionnaire, consisting of background variables, five health-related questions, the SOC-29, and three other instruments measuring mental health, self-care ability, and risk for undernutrition, was sent to 6033 home-dwelling older people (65+ years) in southern Norway. A total of 2069 participants were included. Homogeneity was assessed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and item-to-total correlations. The construct validity was assessed with "the known-groups technique," a linear stepwise regression analysis with SOC score serving as the dependent variable and with confirmatory factor analysis.RESULTS: With a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.91 and statistically significant item-to-total correlations, the SOC-29 was found to be homogeneous. Construct validity was supported because the SOC-29 could separate known groups with expected high and low scores. The factors that could predict SOC were mental health, self-care ability, feeling lonely, being active, and chronic disease or handicap. Evidence of construct validity was displayed in a confirmatory factor analysis that confirmed SOC-29 as one theoretical construct with the three dimensions, comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness.CONCLUSIONS: The Norwegian version of the SOC-29 is a reliable and valid instrument for use in research among older people. The results confirm that SOC has a particularly strong relationship with mental health and self-care ability.
|
|
| 8. |
- Tengelin, Ellinor, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Constructing the Norm-critical awareness scale : A scale for use in educational contexts promoting awareness of prejudice, discrimination, and marginalisation
- 2019
-
In: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2040-7149 .- 2040-7157. ; 38:6, s. 652-667
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Healthcare professionals' conscious or unconscious norms, values and attitudes have been identified as partial explanations of healthcare inequity. Norm criticism is an approach that questions what is generally accepted as "normal" in society, and it enables professionals to identify norms that might cause prejudice, discrimination and marginalisation. In order to assess norm-critical awareness, a measurement scale is needed. The purpose of this paper is to develop a scale for measuring norm-critical awareness. Design/methodology/approach: The scale-development process comprised a qualitative item-generating phase and a statistical reduction phase. The item pool was generated from key literature on norm criticism and was revised according to an expert panel, pilot studies and one "think aloud" session. To investigate the dimensionality and to reduce the number of items of the scale, confirmatory factor analysis was performed. Findings: The item-generation phase resulted in a 46-item scale comprising five theoretically derived dimensions revolving around function, consequences, identity, resistance and learning related to norms. The item-reduction phase resulted in an instrument consisting of five dimensions and 20 items. The analyses indicated that a summary score on the scale could be used to reflect the broad dimension of norm-critical awareness. Originality/value: The Norm-critical awareness scale comprises five theoretically derived dimensions and can be used as a summary score to indicate the level of norm-critical awareness in educational contexts. This knowledge is valuable for identifying areas in greater need of attention. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited.
|
|
