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- Drake, Thomas M., et al.
(author)
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Outcomes following small bowel obstruction due to malignancy in the national audit of small bowel obstruction
- 2019
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In: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 45:12, s. 2319-2324
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2019 Elsevier Ltd, BASO ~ The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology Introduction: Patients with cancer who develop small bowel obstruction are at high risk of malnutrition and morbidity following compromise of gastrointestinal tract continuity. This study aimed to characterise current management and outcomes following malignant small bowel obstruction. Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study of patients with small bowel obstruction who presented to UK hospitals between 16th January and 13th March 2017. Patients who presented with small bowel obstruction due to primary tumours of the intestine (excluding left-sided colonic tumours) or disseminated intra-abdominal malignancy were included. Outcomes included 30-day mortality and in-hospital complications. Cox-proportional hazards models were used to generate adjusted effects estimates, which are presented as hazard ratios (HR) alongside the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The threshold for statistical significance was set at the level of P ≤ 0.05 a-priori. Results: 205 patients with malignant small bowel obstruction presented to emergency surgery services during the study period. Of these patients, 50 had obstruction due to right sided colon cancer, 143 due to disseminated intraabdominal malignancy, 10 had primary tumours of the small bowel and 2 patients had gastrointestinal stromal tumours. In total 100 out of 205 patients underwent a surgical intervention for obstruction. 30-day in-hospital mortality rate was 11.3% for those with primary tumours and 19.6% for those with disseminated malignancy. Severe risk of malnutrition was an independent predictor for poor mortality in this cohort (adjusted HR 16.18, 95% CI 1.86 to 140.84, p = 0.012). Patients with right-sided colon cancer had high rates of morbidity. Conclusions: Mortality rates were high in patients with disseminated malignancy and in those with right sided colon cancer. Further research should identify optimal management strategy to reduce morbidity for these patient groups.
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| 4. |
- Contreras, ZA, et al.
(author)
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Does early onset asthma increase childhood obesity risk? A pooled analysis of 16 European cohorts
- 2018
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In: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 52:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The parallel epidemics of childhood asthma and obesity over the past few decades have spurred research into obesity as a risk factor for asthma. However, little is known regarding the role of asthma in obesity incidence. We examined whether early-onset asthma and related phenotypes are associated with the risk of developing obesity in childhood.This study includes 21 130 children born from 1990 to 2008 in Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK. We followed non-obese children at 3–4 years of age for incident obesity up to 8 years of age. Physician-diagnosed asthma, wheezing and allergic rhinitis were assessed up to 3–4 years of age.Children with physician-diagnosed asthma had a higher risk for incident obesity than those without asthma (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.66, 95% CI 1.18–2.33). Children with active asthma (wheeze in the last 12 months and physician-diagnosed asthma) exhibited a higher risk for obesity (aHR 1.98, 95% CI 1.31–3.00) than those without wheeze and asthma. Persistent wheezing was associated with increased risk for incident obesity compared to never wheezers (aHR 1.51, 95% CI 1.08–2.09).Early-onset asthma and wheezing may contribute to an increased risk of developing obesity in later childhood.
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| 6. |
- Polyakov, A., et al.
(author)
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Instability of the topological surface state in Bi2Se3 upon deposition of gold
- 2017
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In: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 95:18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Momentum-resolved photoemission spectroscopy indicates the instability of the Dirac surface state upon deposition of gold on the (0001) surface of the topological insulator Bi2Se3. Based on the structure model derived from extended x-ray absorption fine structure experiments showing that gold atoms substitute bismuth atoms, first-principles calculations provide evidence that a gap appears due to hybridization of the surface state with gold d states near the Fermi level. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms affecting the stability of the surface state.
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| 7. |
- Polyakov, A., et al.
(author)
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Reply to Comment on 'Instability of the topological surface state in Bi2Se3 upon deposition of gold'
- 2018
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In: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 98:13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the Comment on our publication [Phys. Rev. B 95, 180202(R) (2017)], R. A. Gordon claims that our main conclusion is not valid, namely that gold atoms deposited in situ on the (0001) surface of single-crystalline Bi2Se3 reside in substitutional sites, i.e., replacing bismuth atoms within the topmost quintuple layer (QL). Based on x-ray absorption near-edge (XANES) spectra and a re-evaluation of extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data above the Au L-III edge, R. A. Gordon concludes that Au resides in a twofold environment as a result of an interface reaction leading to an Au2S-type local structure, in which gold adopts an Au(I) state and is linearly coordinated by selenium atoms. In this Reply, we will confirm the results published in the original paper and their interpretation that Au atoms reside in the substitutional site.
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