| 1. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Work-Integrated Learning : Impact of Individual and organizational Digitalization on Knowledge management and Expertise Sharing
- 2019
-
In: INTED2019 Proceedings. - : IATED Academy. - 9788409086191 ; , s. 3601-3609
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The primary aim with this study was to examine the impact of digitalization and the use of ICT for knowledge sharing in an organization. A secondary aim was to further develop knowledge management models to also include collaborative knowledge production and expertise sharing. Based on such a model, we developed a questionnaire answered by 265 respondents. We found that the relationship between using ICT for knowledge sharing was correlated to knowledge sharing also when adjusted for established factors like organisational climate and social norms. We conclude that digitalization, both individually and on an organisational level is an important asset for knowledge management, and that the use of ICT could support knowledge sharing beyond known and established important factors.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Henrik, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
The early chain of care in bacteraemia patients: Early suspicion, treatment and survival in prehospital emergency care
- 2018
-
In: American Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 36:12, s. 2211-2218
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Bacteraemia is a first stage for patients risking conditions such as septic shock. The primary aim of this study is to describe factors in the early chain of care in bacteraemia, factors associated with increased chance of survival during the subsequent 28 days after admission to hospital. Furthermore, the long-term outcome was assessed. Methods: This study has a quantitative design based on data from Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and hospital records. Results: In all, 961 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, 13.5% died during the first 28 days. The EMS was more frequently used by non-survivors. Among patients who used the EMS, the suspicion of sepsis already on scene was more frequent in survivors. Similarly, EMS personnel noted the ESS code "fever, infection" more frequently for survivors upon arriving on scene. The delay time from call to the EMS and admission to hospital until start of antibiotics was similar in survivors and non-survivors. The five-year mortality rate was 50.8%. Five-year mortality was 62.6% among those who used the EMS and 29.5% among those who did not (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: This study shows that among patients with bacteraemia who used the EMS, an early suspicion of sepsis or fever/infection was associated with improved early survival whereas the delay time from call to the EMS and admission to hospital until start of treatment with antibiotics was not. 50.8% of all patients were dead after five years. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Ulf, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
Can Measurements of Online Behavior Predict Course Performance?
- 2016
-
In: Proceedings of the 7th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics: IMCIC 2016 and the 7th International Multi-Conference onSociety and Information Technologies: ICSIT 2016. - : International Institute of Informatics and Systemics. - 9781941763339 - 9781941763384 ; , s. 4-9
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article is a pilot study on the relationship between performance in online classes and behavior in online discussion forums. Measuring student activity on the discussion forum, the collected data is then analyzed and mapped to the performance of the students on the course. The student activity was dividedinto a number of parameters, and during the study these parameters were compared to the performance of the students.The significance of each parameter was also analyzed through a Kruskall-Wallis-test Overall there was a strong tendency thatstudents with more activity and engagement received higher grades. This is in the future useful for developing some kind of monitoring to identify and support students on the verge of failing the course.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Ulf, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
How well can completion of online courses be predicted using binary logistic regression?
- 2016
-
In: Proceedings of IRIS39, Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia, Ljungskile, August 7-10, 2016. - 9789187531385 ; , s. 1-12
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This article uses binary logistic regression to create models for predicting course performance. The data used is the data-trail left by students activities on a discussion forum while attending an online course. The purpose of the study is to evalute how well models based on binary logistic regression can be used to predict course completion.Three sets of data was used for this. One set collected at the end of the course, one collected after 75% of the course and one set collected after half the course. The result of the study says that it's possible to design models with an accuracy of between 70% and 80% using these methods, regardless of what time is used.
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| 5. |
- Angenete, Eva, 1972, et al.
(author)
-
Physical activity before radical prostatectomy reduces sick leave after surgery : results from a prospective, non-randomized controlled clinical trial (LAPPRO)
- 2016
-
In: BMC Urology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2490. ; 16:1, s. 50-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Studies have reported that early physical rehabilitation after surgical procedures is associated with improved outcome measured as shorter hospital stay and enhanced recovery. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the preoperative physical activity level and subsequent postoperative complications, sick-leave and hospital stay after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in the setting of the LAPPRO trial (LAParoscopic Prostatectomy Robot Open). METHODS: LAPPRO is a prospective controlled trial, comparing robot-assisted laparoscopic and open surgery for localized prostate cancer between 2008 and 2011. 1569 patients aged 64 or less with an occupation were included in this sub-study. The Gleason score was <7 in 52 % of the patients. Demographics and the level of self-assessed preoperative physical activity, length of hospital stay, complications, quality of life, recovery and sick-leave were extracted from clinical record forms and questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression, with log-link and logit-link functions, was used to adjust for potential confounding variables. RESULTS: The patients were divided into four groups based on their level of activity. As the group with lowest engagement of physical activity was found to be significantly different in base line characteristics from the other groups they were excluded from further analysis. Among patients that were physically active preoperativelly (n = 1467) there was no significant difference between the physical activity-groups regarding hospital stay, recovery or complications. However, in the group with the highest self-assessed level of physical activity, 5-7 times per week, 13 % required no sick leave, compared to 6.3 % in the group with a physical activity level of 1-2 times per week only (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In our study of med operated with radical prostatectomy, a high level of physical activity preoperatively was associated with reduced need for sick leave after radical prostatectomy compared to men with lower physical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is registered at the ISCRTN register. ISRCTN06393679 .
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Christer, et al.
(author)
-
The Early Chain of Care in Patients with Bacteraemia with the Emphasis on the Prehospital Setting
- 2016
-
In: Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1049-023X .- 1945-1938. ; 31:3, s. 272-277
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a lack of knowledge about the early phase of severe infection. This report describes the early chain of care in bacteraemia as follows: (a) compare patients who were and were not transported by the Emergency Medical Services (EMS); (b) describe various aspects of the EMS chain; and (c) describe factors of importance for the delay to the start of intravenous antibiotics. It was hypothesized that, for patients with suspected sepsis judged by the EMS clinician, the delay until the onset of antibiotic treatment would be shorter.All patients in the Municipality of Gothenburg (Sweden) with a positive blood culture, when assessed at the Laboratory of Bacteriology in the Municipality of Gothenburg, from February 1 through April 30, 2012 took part in the survey.In all, 696 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Their mean age was 76 years and 52% were men. Of all patients, 308 (44%) had been in contact with the EMS and/or the emergency department (ED). Of these 308 patients, 232 (75%) were transported by the EMS and 188 (61%) had “true pathogens” in blood cultures. Patients who were transported by the EMS were older, included more men, and suffered from more severe symptoms and signs.The EMS nurse suspected sepsis in only six percent of the cases. These patients had a delay from arrival at hospital until the start of antibiotics of one hour and 19 minutes versus three hours and 21 minutes among the remaining patients (P =.0006). The corresponding figures for cases with “true pathogens” were one hour and 19 minutes versus three hours and 15 minutes (P =.009).Among patients with bacteraemia, 75% used the EMS, and these patients were older, included more men, and suffered from more severe symptoms and signs. The EMS nurse suspected sepsis in six percent of cases. Regardless of whether or not patients with true pathogens were isolated, a suspicion of sepsis by the EMS clinician at the scene was associated with a shorter delay to the start of antibiotic treatment.
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| 7. |
- Bernhard, Iréne, 1953-, et al.
(author)
-
Collaboration Model for Work-Integrated Learning in Higher Education 3rd Cycle
- 2018
-
In: INTED 2018. - : INTED. - 9788469794807 ; , s. 5509-5515
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Universities need to constantly accommodate new forms of collaboration with society. Interaction with and impacts on society and practice are of crucial importance. University West (UW) in Sweden has a profile area in work-integrated learning (WIL), which generally aims to address issues on integrating theory and practice in a coherent and sustainable way. In this paper we base our arguments on a research education (3rd cycle) in informatics with specialization in work-integrated learning. The aim with the paper is to evaluate UW’s research education and research environment from a WIL perspective. We will adopt an informing science model in order to conduct a current state analysis, in which we identify and visualize collaboration activities within and between the research education/environment and the UWs key stakeholders; society/practices, research community and PhD students. Concrete implications show how collaboration and informing flows are connected and how they can be improved. General reflections are given on the model as a useful means for quality development and assurance beyond learning outcomes, including aspects of collaboration and interaction that can be regarded as paths of societal and practical impacts.
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| 8. |
- Bernhard, Iréne, 1953-, et al.
(author)
-
Degree of Digitalization and Citizen Satisfaction : A Study of the Role of Local e-Government in Sweden
- 2018
-
In: Electronic Journal of e-Government. - : Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited. - 1479-439X. ; 16, s. 59-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim was to investigate whether there is a relationship between degree of e-government in Swedish municipalities and perceived satisfaction among citizens generally. This is a large-scale quantitative study based on validand reliable Swedish national surveys. Based on these surveys, a new comprehensive index for measuring "degree of digitalization" was constructed. Citizen satisfaction was measured using established indices covering three dimensions:satisfaction with living in the municipality, satisfaction with performance of government activities (delivered services), and satisfaction with transparency and influence. The results show that there is a relationship between the degree of digitalization in a municipality and the perceived satisfaction among its citizens. The degree of digitalization is related to all three dimensions of citizen satisfaction. Additionally, this study indicates that the strength of this relationship is in parity with or even stronger than the relationship between citizen satisfaction and other crucial factors such as educational level and median income
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| 9. |
- Bernhard, Irène, 1953-, et al.
(author)
-
The Role of Local E-government for Satisfied Citizens : Towards Sustainable Development?
- 2015
-
In: Uddevalla Symposium 2015. Regional Development in an International Context. Regional, National, Cross Border and International Factors for Growth and Development. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789187531170 ; , s. 141-153
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to study the role of local e-government regarding citizens view of municipality service, information and accessibility to municipality service. The main hypothesis was that municipalities with high degree of pro-activity regarding e-government are municipalities with high degree of satisfied citizens. Satisfaction among citizens was studied by using a national survey which is performed twice ever year. The survey normally includes roughly 130 municipalities out of the 290 municipalities in Sweden. The number of randomly selected individuals per municipality is usually 600 in smaller municipalities and 1200 in larger municipalities. In this study we focus on the following dimensions: Overall satisfaction, Satisfaction with response and accessibility and Satisfaction with influence and confidence.The results implies that e-government and satisfied citizens are correlated. The correlations between the e-variables: e-proactivity, e-strategy, e-information/transparency, e-interaction were all significantly correlated to the satisfaction indices. The correlations were generally of medium strength, i.e. around 0.2-0.4. There were no significant correlations between in real life interactions, strategy for democracy and the satisfaction indices.
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| 10. |
- Bernhardsson, Lennarth, 1954-, et al.
(author)
-
An eye for an I : a framework with focus on the integration of work and learning in higher education
- 2018
-
In: INTED 2018. - : IATED. - 9788469794807 ; , s. 4923-4927
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Higher education plays a new role in the society and the highly specialized labor market, and higher education institutes are expected to interact with and contribute to the surrounding society. University West in Sweden is since 2002 commissioned by the government to develop the pedagogical strategy called work-integrated learning (WIL) and WIL is the “trade mark” for the University. This means that pedagogical methods are based on WIL and that the faculty is working on further refinement and development in order to maximize the pedagogical gain offered by using the synergy between theory and practice.Work-integrated-learning activities are often implemented in a course as methods aligned to the learning outcomes regarding knowledge in the specific subject. However, another perspective is that the capacity to reflect and understand the integration of theory and practice could actually be a learning outcome in itself. From this perspective, it is vital to theoretically frame and formulate stringent learnings outcomes. To have a clear framework for this is important for curriculum design, course delivery and assessment, as well.In a self-evaluation conducted at the University, including focus groups with, both undergraduate and post graduate students, teachers, researchers and managers, a call for a framework has been expressed.In this conceptual paper, we propose a framework to support, design, delivery and assessment of work-integrated-learning progression, i.e. understanding of the integration between theory and practice. This framework is inspired by theories regarding constructive alignment [3], the SOLO taxonomy, agentic learning, SAMR-model and the RAT-model. RAT means Replacement, Amplifying and Replacement [4] while SAMR is the acronym for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification and Redefinition [5]. Our WIL-4U has also been inspired by SOLO taxonomy [6]In short, the framework for progression includes a progression from being descriptive regarding the observed practice, skills for comparing and evaluating practices, to be agentic in how theory and practice could be used in synergy for evolving, new theory and development of practice. Thereby, putting on eye on the “i” in WiL.Ultimately such a framework could support the progression of “WiL-understanding” through an educational program, and that students after graduation have developed readiness for “life-long-learning” and could be agentic at workplaces in the sense that practice and theory are used in synergy.
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| 11. |
- Bernhardsson, Lennarth, 1954-, et al.
(author)
-
Combining pedagogical strategies and ICT support for fostering the digitalized agentic learner
- 2017
-
In: INTED2017 Proceedings. - : IATED. - 9788461784912 ; , s. 1433-1441
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Higher education is facing exceptional challenges due to an increased complexity on the labour market. The work life of today is highly specialized and demands continuous education, i.e. lifelong learning. Higher education must focus on developing competencies for work life, beyond traditional theoretical knowledge [1]. To cater for these demands, higher education must adopt more application-oriented and trans-disciplinary research [2]. Moreover, colleges and universities could more systematically take responsibility for career development and adjust curricula for both traditional and non-traditional students [3]. A crucial question to address is how higher education could foster a student to become a “lifelong learner”? From a pedagogical perspective, it is of course vital to teach a student how to learn [4], aiming at achieving the skill to become a self-directed learner. Interestingly, it is argued that the qualities for being a proactive and agentic learner in higher education are the very same abilities required for effective professional practice [5]. We need to use educational strategies, e.g. work-integrated learning (WiL), as a part of the preparation of becoming an agentic learner, that permit them to successfully negotiate, engage and learn from what they are afforded, for both personal and professional outcomes [6]. Furthermore, we need to adopt important key factors that support fostering agentic learners [7]. In parallel to pedagogical strategies and key factors, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) could play an important role for continuous learning [8-10]. Research shows that over the recent years, social media has been pointed out as a tool, not only for external communication, but also for informal learning within organizations [11-14]. In this paper we wish to suggest a combination where important pedagogical strategies are combined with ICT-support. Moreover, we wish to suggest a strategy for how this combination could be practiced in higher education, making the transfer to work life smoother. We acknowledge that students of today most often have good knowledge of the use of various digital tools such as Facebook, Youtube etc. This is however often constrained to the use of various platforms and tools for entertainment and social contacts. How these tools can be used for learning portfolios, both during their studies and for lifelong learning, is less known and used. We suggest that students during their education choose digital tools based on individual preferences and build a personal learning environment (PLE) [15]. The PLE should include “open tools”, such tools are available outside closed systems within organizations, in order to be useful also after graduation. The student has the possible to develop and re-use knowledge of tools and platforms to work in the new context, working life. However, the use of a PLE will not in itself do the trick. Portfolio is one of many tools to assess learning. When the digital development progressed and applications on the Internet has expanded, the portfolio characteristics can be changed to the e-portfolio [16]. We advocate that both teachers and student need support for developing pedagogical strategies that optimize the use of ICT and aims at fostering agentic learners. We suggest that an e-portfolio may constitute such a joint support. In this paper we will show that an e-portfolio and PLE can support important factors for fostering agentic learners who in an efficient way take advantage of modern ICT. In sum, we suggest an approach for fostering “digitalized agentic learners”.
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| 12. |
- Bernhardsson, Lennarth, 1954-, et al.
(author)
-
Work-integrated-learning: So what? : A framework for describing the level of integration between work and learning
- 2017
-
In: ICERI2017 Proceedings<em></em>. - : IATED. - 9788469769577 ; , s. 443-451
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The knowledge society of today is characterized by a continuously ongoing technological development and digitalization that steadily calls for new competencies and transforms existing professions. For being able to provide up-to-date competence in a fast-changing labor market there is, perhaps more than ever, a need for extensive cooperation between Universities and surrounding society. A number of different models supporting the civic university has been established, e.g. “entrepreneurial university”, the triple-helix model and the increasingly popular adoption of “work-integrated learning” (WIL). Work-integrated learning offer students authentic learning experiences and create synergy between theory and practice, e.g. by cooperative educational programs, internship, sandwich programs and case based teaching. Beyond the pedagogical benefits with experiential learning, WIL also supports the transfer between higher education and work, i.e. increases readiness, employability and also encourage a more agentic engagement. Furthermore, research results show that WIL-students have career benefits regarding salary in early career and job advancement. Even though, WIL and similar strategies for combining theory and practice seems to have promising pedagogical and career advantages, the theoretical underpinning is still underdeveloped. For instance, the methodology for how learning is promoted and which role external partners could play is vague. At University West with more than 25 years’ experience of WIL a holistic approach to WIL have been adopted and WIL permeates all the Universities activities: education, research and extensive collaboration with the surrounding society. Over the years our efforts have been formalized and a taxonomy for will-activities have been developed. In sum, we know that WIL have promising potential, and we know what to do. But, in a recently performed study at this University, based on focus groups interviews and consolidation of our experiences we identified that even if the question “what?” is responded to, there is an important sub-question to be addressed, namely: “so what?”. When adopting different WIL activities, both small and large scale activities, e.g. a guest lecture or an internship, it is reasonable to reflect on whether these activities are used in an optimal way? What kind of impact does the WIL-activity imply? What could be achieved by successful integration between theory and practice? Could it be visualized?Inspired by models used for integrating technique in education (RAT, SAMR and TPCK-models), we have developed a framework for the progression of work-integrated learning in education. The framework is in a sense a model for “Wil-value”. This framework could be used on different levels and in different context: in a single course, educational program, in research projects, cooperation with surrounding society, mentorship and on partner workplaces.
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| 13. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-
(author)
-
A Course Designed for "Non-Traditional Students" : Who that Might Be?
- 2015
-
In: Proceedings of the 6th International Multi-Conference onComplexity, Informatics and Cybernetics: IMCIC 2015. - : International Institute of Informatics and Systemics. - 9781941763209 ; , s. 177-181
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The digital era and online education offers new possibilities for distributing higher education to non-traditional students, for instance full-working participants. This article describes experiences based on six years’ experience from an online course designed for non-traditional students. An on-line course in statistics, designed for attracting non-traditional students is used as a case. It is shown that the characteristics of the participants are completely different in comparison to traditional campus students. These differences may be rewarding for teachers and may offer interesting pedagogical opportunities.
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| 14. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
A first step towards a model for teachers' adoption of ICT pedagogy in schools.
- 2018
-
In: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 4:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is important to identify and understand important factors underpinning the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in schools. And, it is important that ICT is adopted in a sound pedagogical manner. The aim with this study was to suggest a model for the actual use of ICT in schools and how it may be related to important factors such as technological pedagogical expectations. The design of the model was inspired by TAM2 and UTAUT models, but with some modifications. We have developed a model which highlight the pedagogical aspects beyond the technical ones. Furthermore, our suggested model also include the adoption of digital techniques in everyday life as a potential predictor of adoption of ICT at work. The sample consists of 122 teachers and we analyzed the model with a structural equation model. This study contributes with a suggested model including a new construct for measuring expected performance from a technological pedagogical point of view. This new construct was a significant predictor to actual use of ICT in school. Furthermore we also developed a new construct for adoption of ICT in everyday life, which also was a significant predictor to actual use of ICT in school.
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| 15. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Could prioritisation by emergency medicine dispatchers be improved by using computer-based decision support? : A cohort of patients with chest pain
- 2016
-
In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 220, s. 734-738
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: To evaluate whether a computer-based decision support system could improve the allocation of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or a life-threatening condition (LTC). We hypothesised that a system of this kind would improve sensitivity without compromising specificity. Methods: A total of 2285 consecutive patients who dialed 112 due to chest pain were asked 10 specific questions and a prediction model was constructed based on the answers. We compared the sensitivity of the dispatchers' decisions with that of the model-based decision support model. Results: A total of 2048 patients answered all 10 questions. Among the 235 patients with ACS, 194 were allocated the highest prioritisation by dispatchers (sensitivity 82.6%) and 41 patients were given a lower prioritisation (17.4% false negatives). The allocation suggested by the model used the highest prioritisation in 212 of the patients with ACS (sensitivity of 90.2%), while 23 patients were underprioritised (9.8% false negatives). The results were similar when the two systems were compared with regard to LTC and 30-day mortality. This indicates that computer-based decision support could be used either for increasing sensitivity or for saving resources. Three questions proved to be most important in terms of predicting ACS/LTC, [1] the intensity of pain, [2] the localisation of pain and [3] a history of ACS. Conclusion: Among patients with acute chest pain, computer-based decision support with a model based on a few fundamental questions could improve sensitivity and reduce the number of cases with the highest prioritisation without endangering the patients.
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| 16. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-
(author)
-
The Digitalization of Health Care Paves the Way for Improved Quality of Life?
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics. - : International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics. - 1690-4532 .- 1690-4524. ; 14:5, s. 1-10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The digitalization of health care is really a game changer for developing health care. This article gives an, overview, discuss opportunities and reflects on methodological issues in this new era. Important issues discussed include: Could digitalization offer the right chemistry between evidence based medicine and individualization of health care. Does Big Data imply long tail health care? How could patients be co-creators of health care? And, methodological pros and cons with different sources of "evidence".
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| 17. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
The Goalkeeper : a tool for monitoring learning outcomes in PhD education
- 2015
-
In: ICERI2015 Proceedings. - : IATED Academy. - 9788460826576 ; , s. 6223-6230
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The journey from being a new Ph. D.-candidate towards passing the doctorate grade is often a bumpy road with both unexpected and complex challenges that has to be turned in to learning experiences that adds to progression. In this paper we describe the development and use of a tool (the Goalkeeper) designed to support, structure and visualize this journey. It is a tool for supervisors, doctorate students as well as people responsible for quality assurance of a doctorate education. Based on our experiences of having utilised the tool we argue that it is important that the implementation of such a tool is firmly grounded in a quality culture where support of progression and formative assessment dominate over summative assessment and control.
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| 18. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
The impact of word of mouth when booking a hotel : could a good friend's opinion outweigh the online majority?
- 2019
-
In: Information Technology & Tourism. - : Springer. - 1098-3058 .- 1943-4294. ; 21:3, s. 289-311
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Online user generated reviews are transforming business and customer behavior and could have a major impact on sales. The primary aim of this study was to measure the impact of online reviews in comparison with the impact of a good friend's opinion. The question in focus was: to what extent could a single review made by a good friend compensate the opinion of the online majority? Subjects were randomly allocated to different versions of guest reviews of a fictive hotel: either constituting a positive or a negative online majority. After reading the reviews, respondents were asked about their booking intention. The respondents were also asked to re-evaluate booking intention given the additional information that a good friend has given a recommendation or an advice against booking the hotel. The study design was experimental and based on a survey which included 1319 respondents who were randomized to the different versions of guest reviews. The results showed that the overall valence of reviews is crucial for booking intention, also the latest two reviews were important even though the effect was much smaller. If the overall valence was negative the latest two reviews had no importance, no matter if these were positive or negative. But, if the overall valence was positive, then the booking intention could be diluted if the two latest reviews were negative. Concerning the primary aim of the study, it is concluded that a good friend’s word of mouth could outweigh the online majority. This means that a negative online majority could be outweigh by a good friend's recommendation and that a positive online majority could be outweigh by a goods friend's recommendation against booking the hotel.
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| 19. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Work Integrated Learning : a Marriage Between Academia and Working Life
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics. - : International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics. - 1690-4532 .- 1690-4524. ; 13:6, s. 38-46
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a demand for increased cooperation between higher education institutes and surrounding society, and different frameworks for such cooperation have been developed. University West in Sweden has a profile calledwork-integrated learning which could be regarded as a systematical approach for combining theory and practice.Actually work-integrated learning has become an ideologyfor the University which permeates all activities, i.e. education, research and cooperation with surrounding society. This article is a review, explaining and exemplifying our approach. We will also discuss strategies and challenges for bringing the relationship between theory and practice into a prospering marriage.
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| 20. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Work-integrated Learning : Increasing societal impact by decreasing the gap between research and practice
- 2018
-
In: ICERI2018 Proceedings. - : IATED Academy. - 9788409059485
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we outline models for conducting work-integrated learning research. Our experiences from two decades of doing research in close collaboration with practitioners are presented and discussed. Our main message is that by engaging practitioners in all steps of the research project there is a potential for research outcomes to have high societal impact, and theoretical contribution
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| 21. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-
(author)
-
Work integrated learning and learning integrated work : a love story between academia and working life?
- 2015
-
In: The 21st International Conference on Information Systems Analysis and Synthesis. ; , s. 5-
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Higher education is perhaps facing the most unprecedented challenges ever. Financial turbulence, high unemployment rates, demographical changes, technological development and increased demands for high competence certainly implies the importance of putting cooperation between academia and working life on top of the agenda.The aim with work integrated learning is to enhance learning and prepare for working life by letting knowledge from research go hand in hand with experience based knowledge. This is often discussed in the view of how working life could cross the border into academia. However, a challenge for higher education is to discuss how to cross the border in the opposite direction. How could academia support learning integrated work? How could we foster a new generation of professionals to become boundary crossers, reflective practitioners and be a part of a continuously improved community of practice?
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| 22. |
- Larsson, Lena Gunvor, et al.
(author)
-
A national study on collaboration in care planning for patients with complex needs
- 2019
-
In: International Journal of Health Planning and Management. - : Wiley. - 0749-6753 .- 1099-1751. ; 34:1, s. E646-E660
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to investigate inter-organisational collaboration on care planning for patients with complex care needs. Internationally, and in Sweden where the data for this study was collected, difficulties in care planning and transition of patients between the main health care providers, hospitals, municipal care, and primary care are well known.METHOD: A survey of a total population of care managers in hospitals, municipalities, and primary care in Sweden was conducted. The study assessed accessibility, willingness, trustworthiness, and collaboration between health care providers. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate regressions.RESULTS: The results indicate that Swedish health care providers show strong self-awareness, but they describe each other's ability to collaborate as weak. Primary care stands out, displaying the highest discrepancy between self-awareness and displayed accessibility, willingness, trustworthiness, and collaboration.CONCLUSION: Inability to collaborate in patient care planning may be due to shortcomings in terms of trust between caregivers in the health care organisation at a national level. Organisations that experience difficulties in collaboration tend to defend themselves with arguments about their own excellence and insufficiency of others.
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| 23. |
- Monneret, D., et al.
(author)
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Determination of age- and sex-specific 99th percentiles for high-sensitive troponin T from patients: an analytical imprecision- and partitioning-based approach
- 2018
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In: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1434-6621 .- 1437-4331. ; 56:5, s. 818-829
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is mainly based on a rise of cardiac troponin with at least one value above the 99th percentile upper reference limit (99th URL). However, circulating high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentrations depend on age, sex and renal function. Using an analytical imprecision-based approach, we aimed to determine age-and sex-specific hs-cTnT 99th URLs for patients without chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: A 3.8-year retrospective analysis of a hospital laboratory database allowed the selection of adult patients with concomitant plasma hs-cTnT (<300 ng/L) and creatinine concentrations, both assayed twice within 72 h with at least 3 h between measurements. Absence of AMI was assumed when the variation between serial hs-cTnT values was below the adjusted-analytical change limit calculated according to the inverse polynomial regression of analytical imprecision. Specific URLs were determined using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methods, and partitioning was tested using the proportion method, after adjustment for unequal prevalences. Results: After outlier removal (men: 8.7%; women: 6.6%), 1414 men and 1082 women with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) were assumed as non-AMI. Partitioning into age groups of 18-50, 51-70 and 71-98 years, the hs-cTnT 99th URLs adjusted on French prevalence were 18, 33, 66 and 16, 30, 84 ng/L for men and women, respectively. Age-partitioning was clearly required. However, sex-partitioning was not justified for subjects aged 18-50 and 51-70 years for whom a common hs-cTnT 99th URLs of about 17 and 31 ng/L could be used. Conclusions: Based on a laboratory approach, this study supports the need for age-specific hs-cTnT 99th URLs.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Nilsson, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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Is preoperative physical activity related to post-surgery recovery? : A cohort study of patients with breast cancer
- 2016
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 6:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of our study is to assess the association between preoperative level of activity and recovery after breast cancer surgery measured as hospital stay, length of sick leave and self-assessed physical and mental recovery. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Patients included were those scheduled to undergo breast cancer surgery, between February and November 2013, at two participating hospitals in the Western Region of Sweden. Participants: Patients planned for breast cancer surgery filled out a questionnaire before, as well as at 3 and 6 weeks after the operation. The preoperative level of activity was self-assessed and categorised into four categories by the participants using the 4-level SaltinGrimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS). Main outcome measure: Our main outcome was postoperative recovery measured as length of sick leave, in-hospital stay and self-assessed physical and mental recovery. Results: 220 patients were included. Preoperatively, 14% (31/220) of participants assessed themselves to be physically inactive, 61% (135/220) to exert some light physical activity (PA) and 20% (43/220) to be more active (level 3+4). Patients operated with mastectomy versus partial mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection versus sentinel node biopsy were less likely to have a short hospital stay, relative risk (RR) 0.88 (0.78 to 1.00) and 0.82 (0.70 to 0.96). More active participants (level 3 or 4) had an 85% increased chance of feeling physically recovered at 3 weeks after the operation, RR 1.85 (1.20 to 2.85). No difference was seen after 6 weeks. Conclusions: The above study shows that a higher preoperative level of PA is associated with a faster physical recovery as reported by the patients 3 weeks post breast cancer surgery. After 6 weeks, most patients felt physically recovered, diminishing the association above. No difference was seen in length of sick leave or self-assessed mental recovery between inactive or more active patients.
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| 26. |
- Norström, Livia, 1975-
(author)
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Social Media as Sociomaterial Service : On Practicing Public Service Innovation in Municipalities
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Governments are in need to innovate public service. They struggle with complex societal problems, decreased citizen trust and the work of adapting to new demands related to how service should be delivered to fit contemporary living. Inspired by success stories from the private sector's "open innovation" approaches, governments are complementing internal competence with knowledge resources of external actors such as citizens. One increasingly growing strategy for knowledge expansion beyond government boundaries has been to use social media platforms, e.g. Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. This strategy has been shown to be especially effective at a local government level (henceforth municipality) where citizens are geographically close to the government and where government manages activities that citizens rely on in their daily lives.Despite an expansive rise of social media use in municipalities, and efforts to see beyond a traditional and New Public Management approach to public service, there is little knowledge about the participatory and innovative capacity of social media in a government context. This knowledge gap is reflected in researchers' and municipal administrators' uncertainty as to how to make use of social media for improvement of public service and how to handle tensions about what is possible to do with social media and what is legitimate to do as a public servant.The aim of the thesis is thus to map, unpack and conceptualize social media practice by municipal communicators to understand how tensions and dynamics between social media mechanisms and government rationales are shaping the practice and how new emerging practices can be understood as public service innovation. The research questions of the thesis are: RQ1: How are social mediamechanisms supporting different public service rationales?; RQ2: How is public service enacted in the social media practice by municipal communicators?; RQ 3: How can social media practice by municipal communicators be understood as public service innovation?With an engaged scholarship research approach, related research on social medialogic, e-government, e-governance and digital public service innovation, and with the help of the theoretical perspectives "service innovation," "practice perspective" and "sociomateriality," the thesis contributes extended insights into how social media platform mechanisms support different government rationales in processes of sociomaterial service, and how such practice can be understood as creative processes towards public service innovation.As a practical contribution I propose that both communicators and managers in government engage together in networks of others working with social media and to discuss for instance the mission of the government in relation to the aim of using social media, what tensions arise in the social media practice and why, and how algorithms are shaping the social media practice.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Onerup, Aron, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Is preoperative physical activity related to post-surgery recovery? : A cohort study of colorectal cancer patients
- 2016
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In: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0179-1958 .- 1432-1262. ; 31:6, s. 1131-1140
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: An increasing interest is seen in the role of preoperative physical activity (PA) in enhancing postoperative recovery. The short-term effect of preoperative PA on recovery after colorectal cancer is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the preoperative level of PA with postoperative recovery after surgery due to colorectal cancer disease. Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study, with 115 patients scheduled to undergo elective colorectal surgery. The self-reported level of preoperative PA was compared to measures of recovery. Results: Regular self-reported preoperative PA was associated with a higher chance of feeling highly physically recovered 3 weeks after surgery (relative chance 3.3, p = 0.038), compared to physical inactivity. No statistically significant associations were seen with length of hospital stay, self-assessed mental recovery, re-admittances or with re-operations. Discussion: In clinical practice, evaluating the patients’ level of PA is feasible and may potentially be used as a prognostic tool for patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Given the study design, the results from this study cannot prove causality. Conclusion: The present study found that the preoperative level of PA was associated with a faster self-assessed physical recovery after colorectal cancer surgery. PA did not show any associations with the primary outcome measure length of hospital stay or any of the other secondary outcome measures. Assessment of PA level preoperatively could be used for prognostic reasons. If systematic preoperative/postoperative physical training will enhance recovery, this remains to be studied in a randomized controlled study. Highlights: We examined preoperative physical activity and the recovery after colorectal cancer surgery.Physically active individuals had faster self-assessed physical recovery.Assessment of preoperative physical activity may provide prognostic clinical information. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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| 29. |
- Onerup, Aron, 1983, et al.
(author)
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The preoperative level of physical activity is associated to the postoperative recovery after elective cholecystectomy : A cohort study
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1743-9191 .- 1743-9159. ; 19:July, s. 35-41
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction There is an increasing interest in the role of preoperative physical activity for postoperative recovery. The effect of preoperative physical activity and recovery after cholecystectomy is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of self-reported leisure-time preoperative physical activity with postoperative recovery and complications after elective cholecystectomy due to gallstone disease. Methods Prospective observational cohort study with 200 patients scheduled to undergo elective cholecystectomy. Level of self-assessed leisure-time physical activity was compared with recovery. Results Regular physical activity was associated with a higher degree of return to work within three weeks post-operatively (relative chance (RC) 1.26, p = 0.040); with a higher chance of leaving hospital within one day post-op (RC 1.23, p = 0.001), as well as with better mental recovery (RC 1.18, p = 0.049), compared to physically inactive. No statistically significant association was seen with return to work within one week or with self-assessed physical recovery. Discussion In clinical practice, evaluating the patients’ level of physical activity is feasible, and may potentially be used to identify patients being more suitable for same-day surgery. Given the study design, the results from this study cannot prove causality. Conclusion The present study shows that the preoperative leisure-time physical activity-level, is positively associated with less sick leave, a shorter hospital stay and with better mental recovery, three weeks post-elective cholecystectomy. We recommend assessing the physical activity-level preoperatively for prognostic reasons. If preoperative/postoperative physical training will increase recovery remains to be shown in a randomized controlled study.
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| 30. |
- Rawshani, Araz, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Emergency medical dispatch priority in chest pain patients due to life threatening conditions : A cohort study examining circadian variations and impact of the education
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 236:I June, s. 43-48
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and aims: We examined the accuracy in assessments of emergency dispatchers according to their education and time of the day. We examined this in chest pain patients who were diagnosed with a potentially life-threatening condition (LTC) or died within 30 days. Methods: Among 2205 persons, 482 died, 1631 experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 1914 had a LTC.Multivariable logistic regression was used to study how time of the call and the dispatcher's education were associated with the risk of missing to give priority 1 (the highest). Results: Among patients who died, a 7-fold increase in odds of missing to give priority 1 was noted at 1.00 pm, as compared with midnight. Compared with assistant nurses, odds ratio for dispatchers with no (medical) training was 0.34 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.77). Among patients with an ACS, odds ratio for calls arriving before lunch was 2.02 (95% CI 1.22 to 3.43), compared with midnight. Compared with assistant nurses, odds ratio for operators with no training was 0.23 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.40). Similar associations were noted for those with any LTC. Dispatcher's education was not associated with the patient's survival. Conclusions: In this group of patients, which experience substantial mortality and morbidity, the risk of not obtaining highest dispatch priority was increased up to 7-fold during lunchtime. Dispatch operators without medical education had the lowest risk, compared with nurses and assistant nurses, of missing to give priority 1, at the expense of lower positive predictive value. Key messages: What is already known about this subject? Use of the emergency medical service (EMS) increases survival among patients with acute coronary syndromes. It is unknown whether the efficiency – as judged by the ability to identify life-threatening cases among patients with chest pain – varies according to the dispatcher's educational level and the time of day.What does this study add? We provide evidence that the dispatcher's education does not influence survival among patients calling the EMS due to chest discomfort. However, medically educated dispatchers are at greatest risk of missing to identify life threatening cases, which is explained by more parsimonious use of the highest dispatch priority. We also show that the risk of missing life-threatening cases is at highest around lunch time.How might this impact on clinical practice? Dispatch centers are operated differently all over the world and chest discomfort is one of the most frequent symptoms encountered; we provide evidence that it is safe to operate a dispatch center without medically trained personnel, who actually miss fewer cases of acute coronary syndromes. However, non-medically trained dispatchers consume more pre-hospital resources.
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| 31. |
- Rawshani, N., et al.
(author)
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Association between use of pre-hospital ECG and 30-day mortality: A large cohort study of patients experiencing chest pain
- 2017
-
In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 248, s. 77-81
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In the assessment of patients with chest pain, there is support for the use of pre-hospital ECG in the literature and in the care guidelines. Using propensity score methods, we aim to examine whether the mere acquisition of a pre-hospital ECG among patients with chest pain affects the outcome (30-day mortality). Methods: The association between pre-hospital ECG and 30-day mortality was studied in the overall cohort (n=13151), as well as in the one-to-one matched cohort with 2524 patients not examined with pre-hospital ECG and 2524 patients examined with pre-hospital ECG. Results: In the overall cohort, 21% (n=2809) did not undergo an ECG tracing in the pre-hospital setting. Among those who had pain during transport, 14% (n=1159) did not undergo a pre-hospital ECG while 32% (n=1135) of those who did not have pain underwent an ECG tracing. In the overall cohort, the OR for 30-day mortality in patients who had a pre-hospital ECG, as compared with those who did not, was 0.63 (95% CI 0.05-0.79; p < 0.001). In the matched cohort, the OR was 0.65 (95% CI 0.49-0.85; p < 0.001). Using the propensity score, in the overall cohort, the corresponding HR was 0.65 (95% CI 0.58-0.74). Conclusion: Using propensity score methods, we provide real-world data demonstrating that the adjusted risk of death was considerably lower among the cases in whoma pre-hospital ECG was used. The PH-ECG is underused among patients with chest discomfort and the mere acquisition of a pre-hospital ECG may reduce mortality. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 32. |
- Rawshani, Nina, et al.
(author)
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Could ten questions asked by the dispatch center predict the outcome for patients with chest discomfort?
- 2016
-
In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 209, s. 223-225
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: From 2009 to 2010, approximately 14,000 consecutive persons who called for the EMS due to chest discomfort were registered. From the seventh month, dispatchers ask 2285 patient ten pre-specified questions. We evaluate which of these questions was independently able to predict an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), life-threatening condition (LTC) and death.METHODS: The questions asked mainly dealt with previous history and type of symptoms, each with yes/no answers. The dispatcher took a decision on priority; 1) immediately with sirens/blue light; 2) EMS on the scene within 30min; 3) normal waiting time.We examined the relationship between the answers to these questions and subsequent dispatch priority, as well as outcome, in terms of ACS, LTC and all-cause mortality.RESULTS: 2285 patients (mean age 67years, 49% women) took part, of which 12% had a final diagnosis of ACS and 15% had a LTC. There was a significant relationship between all the ten questions and the priority given by dispatchers. Localisation of the discomfort to the center of the chest, more intensive pain, history of angina or myocardial infarction as well as experience of cold sweat were the most important predictors when evaluating the probability of ACS and LTC. Not breathing normally and having diabetes were related to 30-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals, who call for the EMS due to chest discomfort, the intensity and the localisation of the pain, as well as a history of ischemic heart disease, appeared to be the most strongly associated with outcome.
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| 33. |
- Vallo Hult, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Co-designing a Digital Platform : Towards e-Health and Continuous Learning in General Paediatrics
- 2017
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In: International Forum on Quality & Safety in Healthcare.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- BackgroundThe study is part of a paediatric CPD program in Western Sweden, involving researchers and practitioners with expertise in medicine, informatics, and pedagogy. Based on previous experiences, the program provides a strong learning environment with extensive collaboration and networking among participants, while it is hard to maintain the collegial network and continue to share knowledge and experiences. Research has shown that new information technologies have potential to create learning opportunities and support reflection, collaboration and workplace learning. However, due to a history of IT-related problems in healthcare, where (despite documented benefits) many eHealth initiatives have failed in practice, health professionals are often less supportive towards such technologies. The research question is: How can IT be used for continuous learning and what are the implications of participatory design for the introduction of eHealth for workplace learning and use in clinical context?MethodInspired by participatory action research (PAR), the program is designed to offer a learning environment in which participants develop their paediatric and educational practices, as well as improve IT skills and digital competence needed as per today and in the future. In this new program a digital learning platform is introduced with the intention to contribute to formal course objectives but also to function as support for informal learning, networking and knowledge sharing during and after the CPD program, thus promoting long-term continuity of the educational outcomes. During the two-year course, the participants will develop a digital platform together with a Ph.D. student, for paediatric practice, present, and future learning as well as a web-based learning environment.OutcomeThe benefits of this project, where the focus is on eHealth as support for continuous learning, is for healthcare providers and physicians to be able to meet the demands and challenges for the future medical profession. The originality is that the digital platform in use is developed by the participants, integrated into the course and daily work and that the primary focus of the platform is to support continuous learning. This research is still in an initial stage (2016-2018), and findings are tentative. The project is linked to patient benefit, health professionals’ workplace learning, and continuous training. Children, carers or family members are not directly involved in this project, but the CPD program is built up around patient cases and focus on patient outcomes, in terms of improved safety and quality of care of the child.ConclusionThere are potential difficulties recruiting paediatric educators to the program. This is addressed by supporting the participants in their role as educators and experts in outpatient paediatrics as well as regarding how IT could support not only learning a new subject or training skills but also learning how to learn. In summary, this project highlights the importance of interdisciplinary and practice-based research for continuous improvement and quality in healthcare, especially due to new demands following the patient-centric care and new role of patients, and sheds light on both benefits and challenges of integrating IT and learning in daily clinical work
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| 34. |
- Vallo Hult, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Flipped healthcare for better or worse
- 2019
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In: Health Informatics Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1460-4582 .- 1741-2811. ; 25:3, s. 587-597
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The medical profession is highly specialized, demanding continuous learning, while also undergoing rapid development in the rise of data-driven healthcare. Based on clinical scenarios, this study explores how resident physicians view their roles and practices in relation to informed patients and patient-centric digital technologies. The paper illustrates how the new role of patients alters physicians’ work and use of data to learn and update their professional practice. It suggests new possibilities for developing collegial competence and using patient experiences more systematically. Drawing on the notion of flipped healthcare, we argue that there is a need for new professional competencies in everyday data work, along with a change in attitudes, newly defined roles, and better ways to identify and develop reliable online sources. Finally, the role of patients, not only as consumers but also producers of healthcare, is a rather formidable and complex cultural change to be addressed. © The Author(s) 2019.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Vallo Hult, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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ICT and Learning Usability at Work : Challenges and Opportunities for Physicians in Everyday Practice
- 2016
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In: Nordic Contributions in IS Research. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319435961 - 9783319435978 ; , s. 176-190
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The medical profession demands training and lifelong learning to ensure patient safety and quality of treatment. Main barriers are lack of time and resources. Information and communication technology (ICT) has proven to be useful to support e-learning, but less focus has been placed on the potential role of ICT as support for continuous learning in everyday practice. The aim of this qualitative interview study was to explore physicians’ perspective of learning and how ICT in various ways can support learning at work. The findings indicate that continuous learning to a large extent is case driven, and that ICT may play an important role and support reflection and learning for individual physicians and for the collective as well. We argue that such ICT solutions must be adopted to and integrated in the everyday work, save time and include learning usability.
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| 37. |
- Vallo Hult, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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ICT as support for learning : demanding new competence among phycians
- 2017
-
In: INTED2017: 11TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE. - : IATED. - 9788461784912 ; , s. 4629-4636
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The subject of this paper is on emerging challenges and opportunities related to digitalization of work and learning in healthcare. Physicians are a typical specialized profession with a lot of formal education and demands for training and lifelong learning. Due to patient-centric care and advances in medicine and technology (e.g. apps for self-care) patients are now becoming active participants in healthcare, challenging the profession and patient-physician relationship. Another key challenge relate to evidence based medicine (EBM) that demand of physicians to keep updated and follow guidelines, while also balance this with own knowledge and best practice. Although the medical profession is based on communication, and social media have such major impact today, digital literacy is lacking in medical curriculum. While previous research suggest that social media have potential to support learning the impact of eHealth in relation to workplace learning has not yet been extensively studied. The research question is: How do physicians view their role in relation to informed patients and patient participation, and what are the implications for workplace learning and medical education in the information society of today?The methodology is a qualitative follow-up study. Thematic analysis was conducted on empirical data from 15 initial semi-structured interviews, and follow-up focus group (6 participants) based on patient scenarios. Our findings indicate that despite quite unionist call for change in the past decade medical education and training still seems to be based on traditional learning, formal lectures and learning by heart. We argue that this may be a key reason behind why the physicians find it hard to navigate the vast amount of medical information and digital tools available. Due to an underlying assumption that being a doctor is about treating patients, focus is placed on how to build up medical knowledge in terms of diagnoses, symptoms and treatments. While when they start to work are facing a much more complex situation, with informed, participating patients, increasingly digitalized workplace and extended networks of collegial and professional expertise. Findings from this study further support recent initiatives to increase health related ICT skills in the healthcare workforce but also highlights that what is needed is primarily related to literacy, as opposed to prior focuses on digital technology, computer skills and specific systems or databases. Thus, in addition to medical knowledge, this study indicate that a key skill is to have design knowledge, that is the ability to understand how the design of one's digital environment can make everyday life and work more effective. The physicians also addressed ethical concerns on the future digital healthcare in relation to patient participation, such as issues of equal care and responsibility. In conclusion, our findings call for a change in education and practice, further stressing a need for new educational models that emphasize on analytic and critical thinking skills (cf. the Bologna declaration) to meet the needs of modern medical learners along with meeting the demand for digital competence for lifelong learning in general.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Walladbegi, Java, et al.
(author)
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Innovative intraoral cooling device better tolerated and equally effective as ice cooling.
- 2017
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In: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0344-5704 .- 1432-0843. ; 80:5, s. 965-972
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Most of the patients who receive myeloablative therapy prior to stem cell transplantation develop oral mucositis (OM). This adverse reaction manifests as oral mucosal erythema and ulcerations and may require high doses of morphine for pain alleviation. OM may also interfere with food intake and result in weight loss, a need for parenteral nutrition, and impaired quality of life. To date, there have been very few studies of evidence-based interventions for the prevention of OM. Cryotherapy, using ice chips, has been shown to reduce in an efficient manner the severity and extent of OM, although clinical applications are still limited due to several shortcomings, such as adverse tooth sensations, problems with infectious organisms in the water, nausea, and uneven cooling of the oral mucosa. The present proof-of-concept study was conducted to compare the tolerability, temperature reduction, and cooling distribution profiles of an intra-oral cooling device and ice chips in healthy volunteers who did not receive myeloablative treatment, and therefore, did not experience the symptoms of OM.METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers used the cooling device and ice chips for a maximum of 60 min each, using a cross-over design. The baseline and final temperatures were measured at eight intra-oral locations using an infra-red thermographic camera. The thermographic images were analysed using two digital software packages. A questionnaire was used to assess the tolerability levels of the two interventions.RESULTS: The intra-oral cooling device was significantly better tolerated than the ice-chips (p = 0.0118). The two interventions were equally effective regarding temperature reduction and cooling distribution.CONCLUSIONS: The intra-oral cooling device shows superior tolerability in healthy volunteers. Furthermore, this study shows that temperature reduction and cooling distribution are achieved equally well using either method.
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| 40. |
- Walladbegi, Java, et al.
(author)
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Protocol for a randomised controlled trial to study cryoprevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis after autologous stem cell transplantation.
- 2018
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: A majority of patients who receive myeloablative therapy prior to hematopoetic stem cell transplantation develop oral mucositis (OM). This adverse cytotoxic effect manifests as oral mucosal erythema and ulcerations and frequently necessitates high doses of morphine for pain alleviation. OM may also interfere with food intake and result in parenteral nutrition, weight loss and impaired quality of life. To date, there have been a few studies of evidence-based interventions for prevention of OM. Cooling the oral mucosa using ice chips in conjunction with chemotherapy is known to reduce the severity of OM although clinical application is still limited due to several disadvantages. The primary endpoint of this study is therefore to evaluate the efficacy of an innovative intraoral cooling device (Cooral) compared with ice cooling in reducing the degree of OM, in patients with myeloma or lymphoma.METHOD AND ANALYSIS: A total of 180 patients from four different university hospitals in Sweden will be randomised to ice or Cooral in a proportion of 1:1. The degree of OM will be assessed at eight intraoral locations, in accordance with the Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale and WHO scale. Patients will be registered beginning at admission and will continue until discharge or until day +28. The primary variable is analysed in a multiple linear regression model. The significance level used is 5%.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol, questionnaire, diaries and letter of invitation to participants have been reviewed by the local ethical board in Göteborg. The trial results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated to participants.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03203733; Pre-results.PROTOCOL VERSION: Version 4, 2017-06-05.
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