| 1. |
- Birkhofer, Klaus, et al.
(author)
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Conventional agriculture and not drought alters relationships between soil biota and functions
- 2021
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Soil biodiversity constitutes the biological pillars of ecosystem services provided by soils worldwide. Soil life is threatened by intense agricultural management and shifts in climatic conditions as two important global change drivers which are not often jointly studied under field conditions. We addressed the effects of experimental short-term drought over the wheat growing season on soil organisms and ecosystem functions under organic and conventional farming in a Swiss long term trial. Our results suggest that activity and community metrics are suitable indicators for drought stress while microbial communities primarily responded to agricultural practices. Importantly, we found a significant loss of multiple pairwise positive and negative relationships between soil biota and process-related variables in response to conventional farming, but not in response to experimental drought. These results suggest a considerable weakening of the contribution of soil biota to ecosystem functions under long-term conventional agriculture. Independent of the farming system, experimental and seasonal (ambient) drought conditions directly affected soil biota and activity. A higher soil water content during early and intermediate stages of the growing season and a high number of significant relationships between soil biota to ecosystem functions suggest that organic farming provides a buffer against drought effects.
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| 2. |
- Hall, Marianne, et al.
(author)
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Kollagring och markanvändning
- 2022
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In: Markanvändning för en klimatpositiv framtid : En rapport om utmaningar och möjligheter i Skåne - En rapport om utmaningar och möjligheter i Skåne. - 9789198434989 - 9789198434996 ; , s. 6-12
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
- Hedlund, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Utmaningar och möjligheter
- 2022
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In: Markanvändning för en klimatpositiv framtid : En rapport om utmaningar och möjligheter i Skåne - En rapport om utmaningar och möjligheter i Skåne. - 9789198434996 - 9789198434989 ; , s. 48-60
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 4. |
- Hågvar, Sigmund, et al.
(author)
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Ecosystem birth near melting glaciers : A review on the pioneer role of ground-dwelling arthropods
- 2020
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In: Insects. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4450. ; 11:9, s. 1-35
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As glaciers retreat, their forelands represent “natural laboratories” for the study of primary succession. This review describes how certain arthropods conquer pristine ground and develop food webs before the establishment of vascular plants. Based on soil samples, pitfall traps, fallout and sticky traps, gut content studies, and some unpublished data, we compare early arthropod succession on glacial forelands of northern Europe (Iceland, Norway including Svalbard, and Sweden) and of the Alps (Austria, Italy). While macroarthropod predators like ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones), and spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) have usually been considered as pioneers, assumed to feed on airborne prey, this review explains a different pattern. Here, we highlight that springtails (Collembola), probably feeding on biofilm made up of algae or cyanobacteria, are super-pioneers, even at high altitudes and under arctic conditions. We also point out that macroarthropod predators can use locally available prey, such as springtails or non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae). Pioneer arthropod communities vary under different biogeographical and climatic conditions. Two pioneer food webs, from northern Europe and the Alps, respectively, differed in structure and function. However, certain genera and orders were common to both. Generalists and specialists live together in a pioneer community. Cold-adapted specialists are threatened by glacier melting.
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| 5. |
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Markanvändning för en klimatpositiv framtid : En rapport om möjligheter och utmaningar i Skåne
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport är en sammanställning och analys av kunskapsläget när det gäller ekosystembaserade metoder för att minska utsläpp och öka upptag av koldioxid hos brukade marker i Skåne. Med fokus på markanvändning och skötselstrategier inom jordbruk och skogsbruk, samt användning av biokol, analyseras och bedöms potentialen för att inom Skånes gränser öka upptag respektive minska utsläpp av kol från dessa ekosystem. Syftet är att analysera hur möjligheter som föreslås av den statliga utredningen SOU 2020:4, Vägen till en klimatpositiv framtid, kan omsättas till en skånsk kontext i ett miljömässigt/ekologiskt perspektiv.Rapporten är ett samverkansprojekt mellan Lunds universitets Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap och Region Skåne, och har finansierats med medel från Region Skåne, det strategiska forskningsområdet BECC – Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in a Changing Climate, Lunds universitets samverkansinitiativ LU Land, samt Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap.
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