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- Jörgensen, Hans, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Private landowners’ relation to land and forest in two Estonian counties
- 2010
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In: Journal of Northern Studies. - Umeå : Umeå University & The Royal Skyttean Society. - 1654-5915. ; 2010:2, s. 33-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This comparative study is based on two large surveys of privateland and forest owners in two Estonian counties. While more than half of Põlvamaa is covered with forests, Läänemaa has a potential for summer tourism and second homes. We explore different rationales for obtaining landed property and analyse the individual property holders’ relations to—and use of—landand forests. Based on the two interlinked restitution and privatisation processes from 1991 onwards, our surveys reveal two main rationales among the owners:emotional and economic. The owners’ relations to the property are connected with legacies from both the interwar independence and the Soviet period. In addition, different rationalities, ambitions and attitudes are also related to how the property was obtained. In spite of the demand for land, many resituated landowners have chosen to maintain or recreate family property, even if the property was not actively used. In both Põlvamaa and Läänemaa the emotional bonds to land are strong among the owners of restituted or inherited property, while this is a weaker factor among those who have obtained land or forest through privatisation.
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| 3. |
- Jörgensen, Hans, 1961-
(author)
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The Agricultural Co-operative Movement in Estonia : A Comparative Study From The 1860s Up To The 1930s
- 2013
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In: Humanities and Social Sciences Latvia. - Riga : University of Latvia Press. - 1022-4483. ; 21:2, s. 40-60
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores the growth and development of the agricultural co-operative associations in Estonia from the 1860s up to the 1930s in a comparative fashion. The primary focus is on the expansion of dairy co-operative associations. Hence, the comparative approach puts Estonia in the light of the contemporary organisational development, foremost in the Nordic countries and Bulgaria and to some extent also related to the Latvian and Lithuanian development. It is shown here that the co-operative expansion taking place prior to the interwar independence was of major importance for the relative export success that took place in the 1920s, i.e. prior to the trade contraction during the inter-war depression. Several uniting developmental features are elucidated and discussed from the perspective of co-operative organisation and education, as well as the relations between the state and the co-operative associations. The 1930s here represents a period of deviation in relation to the Nordic countries because of the impact from the depression, the rise of authoritarianism and not least the expansion of state control, which preceded the formal Soviet occupation in 1940.
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