| 1. |
- Abgrall, N., et al.
(author)
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The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)
- 2017
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In: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : Author(s). - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1894
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Teslovich, Tanya M., et al.
(author)
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Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids
- 2010
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 466:7307, s. 707-713
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are among the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and are targets for therapeutic intervention. We screened the genome for common variants associated with plasma lipids in >100,000 individuals of European ancestry. Here we report 95 significantly associated loci (P<5 x 10(-8)), with 59 showing genome-wide significant association with lipid traits for the first time. The newly reported associations include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near known lipid regulators (for example, CYP7A1, NPC1L1 and SCARB1) as well as in scores of loci not previously implicated in lipoprotein metabolism. The 95 loci contribute not only to normal variation in lipid traits but also to extreme lipid phenotypes and have an impact on lipid traits in three non-European populations (East Asians, South Asians and African Americans). Our results identify several novel loci associated with plasma lipids that are also associated with CAD. Finally, we validated three of the novel genes-GALNT2, PPP1R3B and TTC39B-with experiments in mouse models. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation to develop a broader biological understanding of lipoprotein metabolism and to identify new therapeutic opportunities for the prevention of CAD.
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| 5. |
- Aulchenko, Yurii S, et al.
(author)
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Loci influencing lipid levels and coronary heart disease risk in 16 European population cohorts
- 2009
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 41:1, s. 47-55
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies of lipids have been conducted in samples ascertained for other phenotypes, particularly diabetes. Here we report the first GWA analysis of loci affecting total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides sampled randomly from 16 population-based cohorts and genotyped using mainly the Illumina HumanHap300-Duo platform. Our study included a total of 17,797-22,562 persons, aged 18-104 years and from geographic regions spanning from the Nordic countries to Southern Europe. We established 22 loci associated with serum lipid levels at a genome-wide significance level (P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 16 loci that were identified by previous GWA studies. The six newly identified loci in our cohort samples are ABCG5 (TC, P = 1.5 x 10(-11); LDL, P = 2.6 x 10(-10)), TMEM57 (TC, P = 5.4 x 10(-10)), CTCF-PRMT8 region (HDL, P = 8.3 x 10(-16)), DNAH11 (LDL, P = 6.1 x 10(-9)), FADS3-FADS2 (TC, P = 1.5 x 10(-10); LDL, P = 4.4 x 10(-13)) and MADD-FOLH1 region (HDL, P = 6 x 10(-11)). For three loci, effect sizes differed significantly by sex. Genetic risk scores based on lipid loci explain up to 4.8% of variation in lipids and were also associated with increased intima media thickness (P = 0.001) and coronary heart disease incidence (P = 0.04). The genetic risk score improves the screening of high-risk groups of dyslipidemia over classical risk factors.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Demirkan, Ayse, et al.
(author)
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Genetic architecture of circulating lipid levels
- 2011
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In: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 19:7, s. 813-819
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs) and total cholesterol (TC) are important heritable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of circulating lipid levels have identified numerous loci, a substantial portion of the heritability of these traits remains unexplained. Evidence of unexplained genetic variance can be detected by combining multiple independent markers into additive genetic risk scores. Such polygenic scores, constructed using results from the ENGAGE Consortium GWAS on serum lipids, were applied to predict lipid levels in an independent population-based study, the Rotterdam Study-II (RS-II). We additionally tested for evidence of a shared genetic basis for different lipid phenotypes. Finally, the polygenic score approach was used to identify an alternative genome-wide significance threshold before pathway analysis and those results were compared with those based on the classical genome-wide significance threshold. Our study provides evidence suggesting that many loci influencing circulating lipid levels remain undiscovered. Cross-prediction models suggested a small overlap between the polygenic backgrounds involved in determining LDL-C, HDL-C and TG levels. Pathway analysis utilizing the best polygenic score for TC uncovered extra information compared with using only genome-wide significant loci. These results suggest that the genetic architecture of circulating lipids involves a number of undiscovered variants with very small effects, and that increasing GWAS sample sizes will enable the identification of novel variants that regulate lipid levels.
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| 8. |
- Stolk, Lisette, et al.
(author)
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Meta-analyses identify 13 loci associated with age at menopause and highlight DNA repair and immune pathways
- 2012
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 44:3, s. 260-268
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To newly identify loci for age at natural menopause, we carried out a meta-analysis of 22 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 38,968 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,435 women. In addition to four known loci, we identified 13 loci newly associated with age at natural menopause (at P < 5 × 10(-8)). Candidate genes located at these newly associated loci include genes implicated in DNA repair (EXO1, HELQ, UIMC1, FAM175A, FANCI, TLK1, POLG and PRIM1) and immune function (IL11, NLRP11 and PRRC2A (also known as BAT2)). Gene-set enrichment pathway analyses using the full GWAS data set identified exoDNase, NF-κB signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction as biological processes related to timing of menopause.
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| 9. |
- Abila, R., et al.
(author)
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Oil extraction imperils Africa’s Great Lakes
- 2016
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 354:6312, s. 561-562
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- As the world's demands for hydrocarbons increase (1), remote areas previously made inaccessible by technological limitations are now being prospected for oil and gas deposits. Virtually unnoticed by the public, such activities are ongoing in the East African Great Lakes region, threatening these ecosystems famed for their hyper-diverse biota, including the unique adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes (2). Countries in the region see exploitation of hydrocarbon reserves as a vital economic opportunity. In the Lake Albert region of Uganda, for example, the government foresees a $3.6 billion oil profit per year starting in 2018—a sum almost as high as the country's current annual budget (3). However, oil extraction in the East African Great Lakes region poses grave risks to the environment and local communities.
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| 10. |
- Chiara, C. J., et al.
(author)
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Probing sd-fp Cross-shell Interactions via Terminating Configurations in 42Sc,43Sc
- 2007
-
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 75:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An experimental study of the lower fp-shell nuclei Sc-42,Sc-43 was performed via alpha pn and alpha p evaporation, respectively, from Ne-20 + Si-28 and Mg-24 + Mg-24 fusion-evaporation reactions. The experiments were conducted with the Gammasphere and Microball detector arrays. The level schemes of both nuclei have been extended considerably. Terminating states associated with the f(7/2)(n) and d(3/2)(-1)f(7/2)(n+1) configurations were identified in each nuclide and incorporated into detailed comparisons with neighboring nuclei and with shell model calculations. The energy differences between the terminating states provide a test of the sd-fp cross-shell interactions in these calculations.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Fischer, S M, et al.
(author)
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Alignment additivity in the two-quasiparticle superdeformed bands of Tl-192
- 1996
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 53:5, s. 2126-2133
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Four superdeformed bands have been confirmed in Tl-192. Two of these bands have T-(2) dynamic moments of inertia which are nearly constant with rotational frequency HBAR omega. The other two bands show the characteristic rise of T-(2) with increasing HBAR omega seen in most superdeformed bands of the A = 190 region of superdeformation. From comparisons with the odd-A neighbors, it was found that the alignments of these bands relative to a Hg-192 core can be accounted for from the additive contributions of the assigned quasiproton and quasineutron orbitals.
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| 13. |
- Ideguchi, E., et al.
(author)
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Orbifold projection in supersymmetric QCD at N(f) ≤ N(c)
- 2000
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 492:3-4, s. 369-375
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Supersymmetric orbifold projection of N = 1 SQCD with relatively small number of flavors (N(f) ≤ N(c)) is considered. The purpose is to check whether orbifolding commutes with the infrared limit. On the one hand, one considers the orbifold projection of SQCD and obtains the low-energy description of the resulting theory. On the other hand, one starts with the low-energy effective theory of the original SQCD, and only then performs orbifolding. It is shown that at finite N(c) the two low-energy theories obtained in these ways are different. However, in the case of stabilized run-away vacuum these two theories are shown to coincide in the large N(c) limit. In the case of quantum modified moduli space, topological solitons carrying baryonic charges are present in the orbifolded low-energy theory. These solitons may restore the correspondence between the two theories provided that the soliton mass tends to zero in the large N(c) limit. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 14. |
- Luyssaert, S., et al.
(author)
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CO2 balance of boreal, temperate, and tropical forests derived from a global database
- 2007
-
In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 13:12, s. 2509-2537
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Terrestrial ecosystems sequester 2.1 Pg of atmospheric carbon annually. A large amount of the terrestrial sink is realized by forests. However, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the fate of this carbon over both short and long timescales. Relevant data to address these uncertainties are being collected at many sites around the world, but syntheses of these data are still sparse. To facilitate future synthesis activities, we have assembled a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g. leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics. This publicly available database can be used to quantify global, regional or biome-specific carbon budgets; to re-examine established relationships; to test emerging hypotheses about ecosystem functioning [e.g. a constant net ecosystem production (NEP) to gross primary production (GPP) ratio]; and as benchmarks for model evaluations. In this paper, we present the first analysis of this database. We discuss the climatic influences on GPP, net primary production (NPP) and NEP and present the CO2 balances for boreal, temperate, and tropical forest biomes based on micrometeorological, ecophysiological, and biometric flux and inventory estimates. Globally, GPP of forests benefited from higher temperatures and precipitation whereas NPP saturated above either a threshold of 1500 mm precipitation or a mean annual temperature of 10 degrees C. The global pattern in NEP was insensitive to climate and is hypothesized to be mainly determined by nonclimatic conditions such as successional stage, management, site history, and site disturbance. In all biomes, closing the CO2 balance required the introduction of substantial biome-specific closure terms. Nonclosure was taken as an indication that respiratory processes, advection, and non-CO2 carbon fluxes are not presently being adequately accounted for.
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| 15. |
- Ma, W. C., et al.
(author)
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Competition between terminating and collective structures above spin 40ℏ in 154Dy
- 2002
-
In: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813. ; 65, s. 1-034312
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High-spin states in 154Dy were studied with the Gammasphere spectrometer using the 36S(122Sn,4n) reaction. Band terminating states were identified in the spin range I= (36-48)ℏ, and were found to compete with collective rotational cascades up to the highest observed spins. Several "sidebands" feeding the terminating structures were identified as well. A band dominated by M1 transitions was observed to terminate at Iπ = 42-. The data are interpreted within the framework of configuration-dependent cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations without pairing.
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| 16. |
- Pumpanen, J, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of different chamber techniques for measuring soil CO2 efflux
- 2004
-
In: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2240 .- 0168-1923. ; 123:3-4, s. 159-176
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Twenty chambers for measurement of soil CO2 efflux were compared against known CO2 fluxes ranging from 0.32 to 10.01 mumol CO2 m(-2) s(-1) and generated by a specially developed calibration tank. Chambers were tested on fine and coarse homogeneous quartz sand with particle sizes of 0.05-0.2 and 0.6 mm, respectively. The effect of soil moisture on chamber measurements was tested by wetting the fine quartz sand to about 25% volumetric water content. Non-steady-state through-flow chambers either underestimated or overestimated fluxes from -21 to +33% depending on the type of chamber and the method of mixing air within the chamber's headspace. However, when results of all systems tested were averaged, fluxes were within 4% of references. Non-steady-state non-through-flow chambers underestimated or overestimated fluxes from -35 to +6%. On average, the underestimation was about 13-14% on fine sand and 4% on coarse sand. When the length of the measurement period was increased, the underestimation increased due to the rising concentration within the chamber headspace, which reduced the diffusion gradient within the soil. Steady-state through-flow chambers worked almost equally well in all sand types used in this study. They overestimated the fluxes on average by 2-4%. Overall, the reliability of the chambers was not related to the measurement principle per se. Even the same chambers, with different collar designs, showed highly variable results. The mixing of air within the chamber can be a major source of error. Excessive turbulence inside the chamber can cause mass flow of CO2 from the soil into the chamber. The chamber headspace concentration also affects the flux by altering the concentration gradient between the soil and the chamber.
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| 17. |
- Riley, M A, et al.
(author)
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Beyond band termination in Er-157 and the search for wobbling excitations in strongly deformed Hf-174
- 2005
-
In: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 31:10, s. 1735-1740
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High-spin terminating bands in heavy nuclei were first identified in nuclei around Er-158(90). While examples of special terminating states have been identified in a number of erbium isotopes, almost nothing is known about the states lying beyond band termination. In the present work the high-spin structure of Er-157 has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer. The subject of triaxial superdeformation and 'wobbling' modes in Lu nuclei has rightly attracted a great deal of attention. Very recently, four strongly or superdeformed (SD) sequences have been observed in Hf-174 and ultimate cranker calculations predict, such structures may have significant triaxial deformation. We have performed two experiments in an attempt to verify the possible triaxial nature of these bands. A lifetime measurement was performed to confirm the large (and similar) deformation of the bands. In addition, a high-statistics, thin-target experiment was run to search for linking transitions between the SD bands and possible wobbling modes.
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| 18. |
- Riley, M. A., et al.
(author)
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Observation of states beyond band termination in Er-156,Er-157,Er-158 and strongly deformed structures in Hf-173,Hf-174,Hf-175
- 2006
-
In: Physica Scripta. - 0031-8949. ; T125, s. 123-126
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High-spin terminating bands in heavy nuclei were first identified in nuclei around Er-158(90). While examples of terminating states have been identified in a number of erbium isotopes, almost nothing is known about the states lying beyond band termination. In the present work, the high-spin structure of Er-156,Er-157,Er-158 has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer. The subject of triaxial superdeformation and 'wobbling' modes in Lu nuclei has rightly attracted a great deal of attention. Very recently four strongly or superdeformed (SD) sequences have been observed in Hf-174, and cranking calculations using the Ultimate Cranker code predict that such structures may have significant triaxial deformation. We have performed two experiments in an attempt to verify the possible triaxial nature of these bands. A lifetime measurement was performed to confirm the large (and similar) deformation of the bands. In addition, a high-statistics, thin-target experiment took place to search for linking transitions between the SD bands, possible wobbling modes, and new SD band structures.
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| 19. |
- Saunois, M., et al.
(author)
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The global methane budget 2000–2012
- 2016
-
In: Earth System Science Data. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1866-3508 .- 1866-3516. ; 8:2, s. 697-751
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The global methane (CH4) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH4 are continuing to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular (∼ biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories and data-driven approaches (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). For the 2003–2012 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by top-down inversions at 558 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 540–568. About 60 % of global emissions are anthropogenic (range 50–65 %). Since 2010, the bottom-up global emission inventories have been closer to methane emissions in the most carbon-intensive Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP8.5) and higher than all other RCP scenarios. Bottom-up approaches suggest larger global emissions (736 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 596–884) mostly because of larger natural emissions from individual sources such as inland waters, natural wetlands and geological sources. Considering the atmospheric constraints on the top-down budget, it is likely that some of the individual emissions reported by the bottom-up approaches are overestimated, leading to too large global emissions. Latitudinal data from top-down emissions indicate a predominance of tropical emissions (∼ 64 % of the global budget, < 30° N) as compared to mid (∼ 32 %, 30–60° N) and high northern latitudes (∼ 4 %, 60–90° N). Top-down inversions consistently infer lower emissions in China (∼ 58 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 51–72, −14 %) and higher emissions in Africa (86 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 73–108, +19 %) than bottom-up values used as prior estimates. Overall, uncertainties for anthropogenic emissions appear smaller than those from natural sources, and the uncertainties on source categories appear larger for top-down inversions than for bottom-up inventories and models. The most important source of uncertainty on the methane budget is attributable to emissions from wetland and other inland waters. We show that the wetland extent could contribute 30–40 % on the estimated range for wetland emissions. Other priorities for improving the methane budget include the following: (i) the development of process-based models for inland-water emissions, (ii) the intensification of methane observations at local scale (flux measurements) to constrain bottom-up land surface models, and at regional scale (surface networks and satellites) to constrain top-down inversions, (iii) improvements in the estimation of atmospheric loss by OH, and (iv) improvements of the transport models integrated in top-down inversions. The data presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (http://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/GLOBAL_METHANE_BUDGET_2016_V1.1) and the Global Carbon Project.
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| 20. |
- Sohler, D., et al.
(author)
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Yrast states of the proton drip line nucleus 106 Sb
- 1999
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In: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993 .- 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 59:3, s. 1324-1327
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Yrast states of [Formula Presented] have been investigated in the [Formula Presented] reaction using in-beam [Formula Presented]-spectroscopic methods and in the [Formula Presented] reaction performing delayed [Formula Presented] and conversion electron studies. A new isomeric state was found at 103 keV with [Formula Presented] The number of states and transitions in the proposed level scheme have been doubled. The experimental results are discussed within the framework of the shell model. © 1999 The American Physical Society.
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| 21. |
- Verbrigghe, Niel, et al.
(author)
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Soil carbon loss in warmed subarctic grasslands is rapid and restricted to topsoil
- 2022
-
In: Biogeosciences. - : Copernicus. - 1726-4170 .- 1726-4189. ; 19:14, s. 3381-3393
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Global warming may lead to carbon transfers from soils to the atmosphere, yet this positive feedback to the climate system remains highly uncertain, especially in subsoils . Using natural geothermal soil warming gradients of up to +6.4 °C in subarctic grasslands , we show that soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks decline strongly and linearly with warming (-2.8tha-1 °C-1). Comparison of SOC stock changes following medium-term (5 and 10 years) and long-term (>50 years) warming revealed that all SOC stock reduction occurred within the first 5 years of warming, after which continued warming no longer reduced SOC stocks. This rapid equilibration of SOC observed in Andosol suggests a critical role for ecosystem adaptations to warming and could imply short-lived soil carbon-climate feedbacks. Our data further revealed that the soil C loss occurred in all aggregate size fractions and that SOC stock reduction was only visible in topsoil (0-10cm). SOC stocks in subsoil (10-30cm), where plant roots were absent, showed apparent conservation after >50 years of warming. The observed depth-dependent warming responses indicate that explicit vertical resolution is a prerequisite for global models to accurately project future SOC stocks for this soil type and should be investigated for soils with other mineralogies.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Walker, Tom W.N., et al.
(author)
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A systemic overreaction to years versus decades of warming in a subarctic grassland ecosystem
- 2020
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In: Nature Ecology and Evolution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-334X. ; 4:1, s. 101-108
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Temperature governs most biotic processes, yet we know little about how warming affects whole ecosystems. Here we examined the responses of 128 components of a subarctic grassland to either 5–8 or >50 years of soil warming. Warming of >50 years drove the ecosystem to a new steady state possessing a distinct biotic composition and reduced species richness, biomass and soil organic matter. However, the warmed state was preceded by an overreaction to warming, which was related to organism physiology and was evident after 5–8 years. Ignoring this overreaction yielded errors of >100% for 83 variables when predicting their responses to a realistic warming scenario of 1 °C over 50 years, although some, including soil carbon content, remained stable after 5–8 years. This study challenges long-term ecosystem predictions made from short-term observations, and provides a framework for characterization of ecosystem responses to sustained climate change.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Bergström, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Grey wolf genomic history reveals a dual ancestry of dogs
- 2022
-
In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 607:7918, s. 313-320
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal species went extinct. Little is known, however, about the history and possible extinction of past wolf populations or when and where the wolf progenitors of the present-day dog lineage (Canis familiaris) lived. Here we analysed 72 ancient wolf genomes spanning the last 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia and North America. We found that wolf populations were highly connected throughout the Late Pleistocene, with levels of differentiation an order of magnitude lower than they are today. This population connectivity allowed us to detect natural selection across the time series, including rapid fixation of mutations in the gene IFT88 40,000–30,000 years ago. We show that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, suggesting a domestication process in the east. However, we also found that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, reflecting either an independent domestication process or admixture from local wolves. None of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for either of these dog ancestries, meaning that the exact progenitor populations remain to be located.
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| 26. |
- BERNSTEIN, LA, et al.
(author)
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ONSET OF COLLECTIVITY IN NEUTRON-DEFICIENT PO-196,PO-198
- 1995
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:2, s. 621-627
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have studied via in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy Po-196 and Po-198, which are the first neutron-deficient Po isotopes to exhibit a collective low-lying structure. The ratios of yrast state energies and the E2 branching ratios of transitions from non-yrast to yrast states are indicative of a low-lying vibrational structure. The onset of collective motion in these isotopes can be attributed to the opening of the neutron i(13/2) orbital at N approximate to 112 and the resulting large overlap between the two valence protons in the h(9/2) orbital and the valence neutrons in the i(13/2) orbital.
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| 27. |
- Campbell, D. B., et al.
(author)
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Rotational structures and their evolution with spin in Gd-152
- 2007
-
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 75:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fusion-evaporation reaction involving a 175 MeV S-36 beam and a Sn-124 target was performed, and the emitted gamma rays were observed with the Gammasphere spectrometer. Significant additions to the level scheme of Gd-152 were made in spite of the relative weakness of the alpha 4n exit channel, being only similar to 2% of the total fusion cross-section. The high-spin behavior of Gd-152 was compared with that of other N=88 nuclei. A striking similarity was observed with Dy-154 and it is therefore suggested that the angular-momentum-induced shape changes that take place in Dy-154 also occur in Gd-152 in the 30-40h spin range. This is supported by Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations which were used to interpret the high-spin bands. It is found that a better agreement between calculation and experiment is obtained if the Z=64 shell gap increases with a decreasing number of valence particles outside the doubly-closed Gd-146(64)82 nucleus.
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| 28. |
- Campbell, William, et al.
(author)
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Prediction impact curve is a new measure integrating intervention effects in the evaluation of risk models
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 69, s. 89-95
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: We propose a new measure of assessing the performance of risk models, the area under the prediction impact curve (auPIC), which quantifies the performance of risk models in terms of their average health impact in the population. Study Design and Setting: Using simulated data, we explain how the prediction impact curve (PIC) estimates the percentage of events prevented when a risk model is used to assign high-risk individuals to an intervention. We apply the PIC to the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study to illustrate its application toward prevention of coronary heart disease. Results: We estimated that if the ARIC cohort received statins at baseline, 5% of events would be prevented when the risk model was evaluated at a cutoff threshold of 20% predicted risk compared to 1% when individuals were assigned to the intervention without the use of a model. By calculating the auPIC, we estimated that an average of 15% of events would be prevented when considering performance across the entire interval. Conclusion: We conclude that the PIC is a clinically meaningful measure for quantifying the expected health impact of risk models that supplements existing measures of model performance.
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| 29. |
- Cederwall, Bo, et al.
(author)
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NEW FEATURES OF SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN HG-194
- 1994
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 72:20, s. 3150-3153
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two new features of superdeformed (SD) bands in the A almost-equal-to 190 region emerge from a study of Hg-194 with the Gammasphere detector array. A decrease of the dynamic moment of inertia is observed for rotational frequencies HBARomega greater-than-or-equal-to 0.4 MeV, confirming long standing expectations based on mean field calculations with pairing. Evidence for a small staggering in the SD transition energies is also observed, suggesting the presence of terms with fourfold symmetry in the SD Hamiltonian.
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| 30. |
- Chen, Lin, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A Complete Multisite Reaction Mechanism for Low-Temperature NH3-SCR over Cu-CHA
- 2020
-
In: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 10:10, s. 5646-5656
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The dynamic character of the active centers has made it difficult to unravel the reaction path for NH3-assisted selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides over Cu-CHA. Herein, we use density functional theory calculations to suggest a complete reaction mechanism for low-temperature NH3-SCR The reaction is found to proceed in a multisite fashion over ammonia-solvated Cu cations Cu(NH3)(2+) and Bronsted acid sites. The activation of oxygen and the formation of the key intermediates HONO and H2NNO occur on the Cu sites, whereas the Bronsted acid sites facilitate the decomposition of HONO and H2NNO to N-2 and H2O. The activation and reaction of NO is found to proceed via the formation of nitrosonium (NO+) or nitrite (NO2-) intermediates. These low-temperature mechanisms take the dynamic character of Cu sites into account where oxygen activation requires pairs of Cu(NH3)(2+) complexes, whereas HO-NO and H3N-NO coupling may occur on single complexes. The formation and separation of Cu pairs is assisted by NH3 solvation. The complete reaction mechanism is consistent with measured kinetic data and provides a solid basis for future improvements of the low-temperature NH3-SCR reaction.
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| 31. |
- Chiara, CJ, et al.
(author)
-
Transition Quadrupole Moments in the Superdeformed Band of 40Ca
- 2003
-
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 67:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The transition quadrupole moments Q(t) for the superdeformed band in Ca-40 have been determined through thin-target Doppler-shift attenuation analyses. A best-fit value of Q(t)=1.30+/-0.05 e b is obtained when a single value is assumed for the entire band. Fitting separate quadrupole moments for in-band transitions decaying from the high-spin states and the presumably admixed low-spin states results in Q(t)(high)= 1.81(-0.26)(+0.41) e b and Q(t)(low)=1.18(-0.05)(+0.06) e b, respectively. Q(t) values extracted for individual transitions in a Doppler-broadened line-shape analysis also indicate smaller Q(t) values at lower spins. These results are consistent with the interpretation of this band as an eight-particle-eight-hole superdeformed band with a significant admixture of less-collective configurations at low spins.
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| 32. |
- Demirkan, Ayse, et al.
(author)
-
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Loci Associated with Circulating Phospho- and Sphingolipid Concentrations
- 2012
-
In: PLoS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 8:2, s. e1002490-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Phospho- and sphingolipids are crucial cellular and intracellular compounds. These lipids are required for active transport, a number of enzymatic processes, membrane formation, and cell signalling. Disruption of their metabolism leads to several diseases, with diverse neurological, psychiatric, and metabolic consequences. A large number of phospholipid and sphingolipid species can be detected and measured in human plasma. We conducted a meta-analysis of five European family-based genome-wide association studies (N = 4034) on plasma levels of 24 sphingomyelins (SPM), 9 ceramides (CER), 57 phosphatidylcholines (PC), 20 lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), 27 phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), and 16 PE-based plasmalogens (PLPE), as well as their proportions in each major class. This effort yielded 25 genome-wide significant loci for phospholipids (smallest P-value = 9.88 x 10(-204)) and 10 loci for sphingolipids (smallest P-value = 3.10 x 10(-57)). After a correction for multiple comparisons (P-value, 2.2 x 10(-9)), we observed four novel loci significantly associated with phospholipids (PAQR9, AGPAT1, PKD2L1, PDXDC1) and two with sphingolipids (PLD2 and APOE) explaining up to 3.1% of the variance. Further analysis of the top findings with respect to within class molar proportions uncovered three additional loci for phospholipids (PNLIPRP2, PCDH20, and ABDH3) suggesting their involvement in either fatty acid elongation/saturation processes or fatty acid specific turnover mechanisms. Among those, 14 loci (KCNH7, AGPAT1, PNLIPRP2, SYT9, FADS1-2-3, DLG2, APOA1, ELOVL2, CDK17, LIPC, PDXDC1, PLD2, LASS4, and APOE) mapped into the glycerophospholipid and 12 loci (ILKAP, ITGA9, AGPAT1, FADS1-2-3, APOA1, PCDH20, LIPC, PDXDC1, SGPP1, APOE, LASS4, and PLD2) to the sphingolipid pathways. In large meta-analyses, associations between FADS1-2-3 and carotid intima media thickness, AGPAT1 and type 2 diabetes, and APOA1 and coronary artery disease were observed. In conclusion, our study identified nine novel phospho- and sphingolipid loci, substantially increasing our knowledge of the genetic basis for these traits.
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| 33. |
- Fang, Chao, et al.
(author)
-
Decadal soil warming decreased vascular plant above and belowground production in a subarctic grassland by inducing nitrogen limitation
- 2023
-
In: New Phytologist. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 240:2, s. 565-576
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Below and aboveground vegetation dynamics are crucial in understanding how climate warming may affect terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling. In contrast to aboveground biomass, the response of belowground biomass to long-term warming has been poorly studied.Here, we characterized the impacts of decadal geothermal warming at two levels (on average +3.3°C and +7.9°C) on below and aboveground plant biomass stocks and production in a subarctic grassland.Soil warming did not change standing root biomass and even decreased fine root production and reduced aboveground biomass and production. Decadal soil warming also did not significantly alter the root–shoot ratio. The linear stepwise regression model suggested that following 10 yr of soil warming, temperature was no longer the direct driver of these responses, but losses of soil N were. Soil N losses, due to warming-induced decreases in organic matter and water retention capacity, were identified as key driver of the decreased above and belowground production. The reduction in fine root production was accompanied by thinner roots with increased specific root area.These results indicate that after a decade of soil warming, plant productivity in the studied subarctic grassland was affected by soil warming mainly by the reduction in soil N.
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| 34. |
- Feng, Yingxin, 1994, et al.
(author)
-
A First-Principles Microkinetic Model for Low-Temperature NH3 Assisted Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO over Cu-CHA
- 2021
-
In: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 11:23, s. 14395-14407
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A first-principles microkinetic model is developed to investigate low-temperature ammonia assisted selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) of NO over Cu-CHA. The reaction proceeds over NH3-solvated Cu-sites by the formation of H2NNO and HONO, which decompose to N2 and H2O over Brønsted acid sites. Non-selective N2O formation is considered by H2NNO decomposition over the Cu-sites. The adsorption of NH3 at oxidized Cu-sites is found to inhibit the reaction at low temperatures by hindering NO adsorption. For the reactions, we nd positive reaction orders with respect to NO and O2, whereas the reaction order with respect to NH3, is negative. The reaction orders and the obtained apparent activation energy are in good agreement with experimental data. A degree of rate control analysis shows that NH3-SCR over a pair of Cu(NH3)+2 is mainly controlled by NO adsorption below 200 C, whereas the formation of HONO and H2NNO becomes controlling at higher temperatures. The successful formulation of a first-principles microkinetic model for NH3-SCR rationalizes previous phenomenological models and links the kinetic behaviour with materials properties, which results in unprecedented insights in the function of Cu-CHA catalysts for NH3-SCR.
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| 35. |
- Feng, Yingxin, 1994, et al.
(author)
-
The Role of H+- and Cu+-Sites for N2O Formation during NH3-SCR over Cu-CHA
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 125:8, s. 4595-4601
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The mechanism for N2O formation over CHA and Cu-CHA zeolite catalysts during NH3-SCR is investigated using density functional theory calculations. Direct NH4NO3 decomposition, which is commonly regarded as the main source of N2O, is found to be associated with high barriers in the absence of Brønsted acid sites. Although Brønsted acid sites promote NH4NO3 decomposition, it is still a highly activated process. Low-temperature N2O formation is instead found to be connected with an NO + NH3 reaction over Cu-sites. In particular, N2O can be formed from H2NNO with a low barrier over Cu-OOH-Cu complexes, which are proposed intermediates in the catalytic cycle for NH3-SCR over Cu-CHA. This finding provides an explanation for the experimentally observed low-temperature N2O formation and the relation between Cu loading and N2O formation. The proposed mechanisms open up strategies to enhance the selectivity to N2 during NH3-SCR.
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| 36. |
- Fernandez-Martinez, M., et al.
(author)
-
Nutrient scarcity as a selective pressure for mast seeding
- 2019
-
In: Nature Plants. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-026X .- 2055-0278. ; 5:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mast seeding is one of the most intriguing reproductive traits in nature. Despite its potential drawbacks in terms of fitness, the widespread existence of this phenomenon suggests that it should have evolutionary advantages under certain circumstances. Using a global dataset of seed production time series for 219 plant species from all of the continents, we tested whether masting behaviour appears predominantly in species with low foliar nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations when controlling for local climate and productivity. Here, we show that masting intensity is higher in species with low foliar N and P concentrations, and especially in those with imbalanced N/P ratios, and that the evolutionary history of masting behaviour has been linked to that of nutrient economy. Our results support the hypothesis that masting is stronger in species growing under limiting conditions and suggest that this reproductive behaviour might have evolved as an adaptation to nutrient limitations and imbalances.
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| 37. |
- Hartley, D. J., et al.
(author)
-
Wobbling mode in Ta-167
- 2009
-
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 80:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The collective wobbling mode, the strongest signature for the rotation of a triaxial nucleus, has previously been seen only in a few Lu isotopes in spite of extensive searches in nearby isotopes. A sequence of transitions in the N = 94 Ta-167 nucleus exhibiting features similar to those attributed to the wobbling bands in the Lu nuclei has now been found. This band feeds into the pi i(13/2) band at a relative energy similar to that seen in the established wobbling bands and its dynamic moment of inertia and alignment properties are nearly identical to the i(13/2) structure over a significant frequency range. Given these characteristics, it is likely that the wobbling mode has been observed for the first time in a nucleus other than Lu, making this collective motion a more general phenomenon.
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| 38. |
- Hendriks, Kasper P., et al.
(author)
-
Global Brassicaceae phylogeny based on filtering of 1,000-gene dataset
- 2023
-
In: Current Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 33:19, s. 4052-4068
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The mustard family (Brassicaceae) is a scientifically and economically important family, containing the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and numerous crop species that feed billions worldwide. Despite its relevance, most phylogenetic trees of the family are incompletely sampled and often contain poorly supported branches. Here, we present the most complete Brassicaceae genus-level family phylogenies to date (Bras-sicaceae Tree of Life or BrassiToL) based on nuclear (1,081 genes, 319 of the 349 genera; 57 of the 58 tribes) and plastome (60 genes, 265 genera; all tribes) data. We found cytonuclear discordance between the two, which is likely a result of rampant hybridization among closely and more distantly related lineages. To eval-uate the impact of such hybridization on the nuclear phylogeny reconstruction, we performed five different gene sampling routines, which increasingly removed putatively paralog genes. Our cleaned subset of 297 genes revealed high support for the tribes, whereas support for the main lineages (supertribes) was moder-ate. Calibration based on the 20 most clock-like nuclear genes suggests a late Eocene to late Oligocene origin of the family. Finally, our results strongly support a recently published new family classification, dividing the family into two subfamilies (one with five supertribes), together representing 58 tribes. This includes five recently described or re-established tribes, including Arabidopsideae, a monogeneric tribe accommodating Arabidopsis without any close relatives. With a worldwide community of thousands of researchers working on Brassicaceae and its diverse members, our new genus-level family phylogeny will be an indispensable tool for studies on biodiversity and plant biology.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Henneman, L., et al.
(author)
-
Responsible implementation of expanded carrier screening
- 2016
-
In: Eur J Hum Genet. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. ; 24:6, s. E1-E12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This document of the European Society of Human Genetics contains recommendations regarding responsible implementation of expanded carrier screening. Carrier screening is defined here as the detection of carrier status of recessive diseases in couples or persons who do not have an a priori increased risk of being a carrier based on their or their partners' personal or family history. Expanded carrier screening offers carrier screening for multiple autosomal and X-linked recessive disorders, facilitated by new genetic testing technologies, and allows testing of individuals regardless of ancestry or geographic origin. Carrier screening aims to identify couples who have an increased risk of having an affected child in order to facilitate informed reproductive decision making. In previous decades, carrier screening was typically performed for one or few relatively common recessive disorders associated with significant morbidity, reduced life-expectancy and often because of a considerable higher carrier frequency in a specific population for certain diseases. New genetic testing technologies enable the expansion of screening to multiple conditions, genes or sequence variants. Expanded carrier screening panels that have been introduced to date have been advertised and offered to health care professionals and the public on a commercial basis. This document discusses the challenges that expanded carrier screening might pose in the context of the lessons learnt from decades of population-based carrier screening and in the context of existing screening criteria. It aims to contribute to the public and professional discussion and to arrive at better clinical and laboratory practice guidelines.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Hicks, Andrew A., et al.
(author)
-
Genetic determinants of circulating sphingolipid concentrations in European populations
- 2009
-
In: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 5:10, s. e1000672-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sphingolipids have essential roles as structural components of cell membranes and in cell signalling, and disruption of their metabolism causes several diseases, with diverse neurological, psychiatric, and metabolic consequences. Increasingly, variants within a few of the genes that encode enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism are being associated with complex disease phenotypes. Direct experimental evidence supports a role of specific sphingolipid species in several common complex chronic disease processes including atherosclerotic plaque formation, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiomyopathy, pancreatic β-cell failure, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, sphingolipids represent novel and important intermediate phenotypes for genetic analysis, yet little is known about the major genetic variants that influence their circulating levels in the general population. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) between 318,237 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and levels of circulating sphingomyelin (SM), dihydrosphingomyelin (Dih-SM), ceramide (Cer), and glucosylceramide (GluCer) single lipid species (33 traits); and 43 matched metabolite ratios measured in 4,400 subjects from five diverse European populations. Associated variants (32) in five genomic regions were identified with genome-wide significant corrected p-values ranging down to 9.08×10−66. The strongest associations were observed in or near 7 genes functionally involved in ceramide biosynthesis and trafficking: SPTLC3, LASS4, SGPP1, ATP10D, and FADS1–3. Variants in 3 loci (ATP10D, FADS3, and SPTLC3) associate with MI in a series of three German MI studies. An additional 70 variants across 23 candidate genes involved in sphingolipid-metabolizing pathways also demonstrate association (p = 10−4 or less). Circulating concentrations of several key components in sphingolipid metabolism are thus under strong genetic control, and variants in these loci can be tested for a role in the development of common cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, and psychiatric diseases.
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| 43. |
- Ideguchi, Eiji, et al.
(author)
-
Superdeformation in 91Tc
- 2000
-
In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 492:3-4, s. 245-253
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A high-spin rotational band with 11 gamma -ray transitions has barn observed in Tc-91. The dynamical moment of inertia as well as the transition quadrupole moment of 8.1(-1.4)(+1.9) eb measured for this band show the characteristics of a superdeformed band. However, the shape is more elongated than in the neighbouring A = 80-90 superdeformed nuclei. Theoretical interpretations of the band within the cranked Strutinsky approach based on two different Woods-Saxon potential parameterisations are presented. Even though an unambiguous configuration assignment proved difficult, both calculations indicate a larger deformation and at least three additional high-N intruder orbitals occupied compared to the lighter SD nuclei. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
- Ideguchi, E., et al.
(author)
-
Superdeformation in the Doubly Magic Nucleus 40Ca
- 2001
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 87:22
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A rotational band with seven gamma -ray transitions between states with spin 2 (h) over bar and 16 (h) over bar has been observed in the doubly magic, self-conjugate nucleus Ca-40(20)20. The measured transition quadrupole moment of 1.80(-0.29)(+0.39)eb indicates a superdeformed shape with a deformation beta (2) = 0.59(-0.07)(+0.11). The features of this band are explained by cranked relativistic mean field calculations to arise from an 8-particle 8-hole excitation.
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| 45. |
- Ideguchi, E, et al.
(author)
-
Superdeformation in the doubly magic nucleus Ca-40(20)20
- 2001
-
In: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS. - : AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC, COLLEGE PK. - 0031-9007. ; 87:222501, s. 2501-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A rotational band with seven gamma -ray transitions between states with spin 2 (h) over bar and 16 (h) over bar has been observed in the doubly magic, self-conjugate nucleus Ca-40(20)20. The measured transition quadrupole moment of 1.80(-0.29)(+0.39)eb in
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Janssens, O, et al.
(author)
-
Beet top and leaf determination through image processing
- 2006
-
In: Zuckerindustrie. - 0344-8657. ; 131:1, s. 21-7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is important for the European sugar industry to reduce its production costs in order to deal with the reforms of sugar agreements, by being ever mindful of the quality of the raw material. A new image technique has been developed to this end: it allows determination of certain quality criteria, such as: top and leafstalk rates in beet. The device consists of a color camera set in a closed space under constant lighting. The camera is linked to a computer where the images are processed by a software providing on-line predictions. To integrate all the variability proper to the samples taken at the sugar factory, the algorithm presented here is based on a PLS regression on the basis of color image characteristics. The correlations obtained between the visual predictions and the manual references are close to the maximum limits that could be hoped for, taking account of the variability of the manual determination of the beet top. The following factors have been identified as favoring the quality of the forecasts: images from large samples, the turning of those samples and the individual presentation of the beet. The determination of the beet leafstalks is also possible using the same algorithms. This is a less complex task yielding higher correlations.
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Emma, et al.
(author)
-
Gamma-ray Spectroscopy of the Doubly Magic Nucleus 56Ni
- 2006
-
In: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 27:2, s. 157-165
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The doubly magic N = Z nucleus Ni-56 has been investigated with two fusion-evaporation reactions; Ca-40(Si-28, 3 alpha)Ni-56 at a beam energy of 122MeV and Si-28(S-32, 2p2n)Ni-56 at 130MeV. To detect gamma-rays in coincidence with evaporated particles the Ge-detector array Gammasphere was used in conjunction with the charged-particle detector system, Microball and a 1 pi neutron detector array. Results include a significantly extended level scheme of Ni-56, which is compared to large-scale shell model calculations in the fp shell. The experimental and theoretical results agree to a large extent, with one notable exception; the theoretical model fails to predict the proper sequence of the yrast and yrare 8(+) states.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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