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| 2. |
- Al-Delaimy, WK, et al.
(author)
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Plasma levels of six carotenoids in nine European countries: report from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
- 2004
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In: Public Health Nutrition. - 1475-2727 .- 1368-9800. ; 7:6, s. 713-722
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In addition to their possible direct biological effects, plasma carotenoids can be used as biochemical markers of fruit and vegetable consumption for identifying diet-disease associations in epidemiological studies. Few studies have compared levels of these carotenoids between countries in Europe. Objective: Our aim was to assess the variability of plasma carotenoid levels within the cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: Plasma levels of six carotenoids-alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin-were measured cross-sectionally in 3043 study subjects from 16 regions in nine European countries. We investigated the relative influence of gender, season, age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake and smoking status on plasma levels of the carotenoids. Results: Mean plasma level of the sum of the six carotenoids varied twofold between regions (1.35 mumol l(-1) for men in Malmo, Sweden vs. 2.79 mumol l(-1) for men in Ragusa/Naples, Italy; 1.61 mumol l(-1) for women in The Netherlands vs. 3.52 mumol l(-1) in Ragusa/Naples, Italy). Mean levels of individual carotenoids varied up to fourfold (alpha-carotene: 0.06 mumol l(-1) for men in Murcia, Spain vs. 0.25 mumol l(-1) for vegetarian men living in the UK). In multivariate regression analyses, region was the most important predictor of total plasma carotenoid level (partial R-2=27.3%), followed by BMI (partial R-2=5.2%), gender (partial R-2=2.7%) and smoking status (partial R-2=2.8%). Females had higher total carotenoid levels than males across Europe. Conclusions: Plasma levels of carotenoids vary substantially between 16 different regions in Italy, Greece, Spain, France, Germany, the UK, Sweden, Denmark and The Netherlands. Compared with region of residence, the other demographic and lifestyle factors and laboratory measurements have limited predictive value for plasma carotenoid levels in Europe.
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| 3. |
- Hanås, Ragnar, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Indwelling catheters used from the onset of diabetes decrease injection pain and pre-injection anxiety
- 2002
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In: J Pediatr. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3476 .- 0022-3476 .- 1097-6833. ; 140:3, s. 315-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate the use of indwelling catheters as injection aids at diabetes onset to reduce injection pain and pre-injection anxiety. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-one patients aged 8.1 +/- 3.7 years (range, 1-15) participated in this open, controlled randomized study. A 10-cm VAS with faces was used for scoring. A local anesthetic cream was used before all insertions. The control group used insulin pens with standard needles. After one week, the indwelling catheter group could choose regular injections but were included in the "intention to treat" analysis. RESULTS: Injection pain and anxiety decreased from day 1 to 15 in both groups (average, 4.1 injections/day). Pain was significantly lower for indwelling catheter injections when scored by parents (median, 1.2 cm vs 2.7 cm; P =.002), children/teenagers (0.8 cm vs 1.5 cm; P =.006), and nurses (1.4 cm vs 3.0 cm; P =.002). Parental pre-injection anxiety was also lower (1.2 cm vs 2.9 cm; P =.016). Taking injections, including inserting catheters, was found to be less problematic with an indwelling catheter (1.6 cm vs 3.3 cm;P =.009). During the 6-month follow-up, injection pain and injection problems were significantly lower in the catheter group. Mean catheter indwelling time was 3.7 days. Median pain for catheter insertion was 2.1 cm and for glucose testing was 0.9 cm. Sixteen of 20 patients continued to use indwelling catheters after 2 weeks, and 9 of 20 after 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: We found an evident relief of pre-injection anxiety and injection pain when using indwelling catheters for introducing insulin injections at the onset of diabetes.
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| 4. |
- Bergström, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Dimers of dipyrrometheneboron difluoride (BODIPY) with light spectroscopic applications in chemistry and biology.
- 2002
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 124:2, s. 196-204
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A ground-state dimer (denoted D(I)) exhibiting a strong absorption maximum at 477 nm (epsilon = 97 000 M(-1)cm(-1)) can form between adjacent BODIPY groups attached to mutant forms of the protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). No fluorescence from excited D(I) was detected. A locally high concentration of BODIPY groups was also achieved by doping lipid phases (micelles, vesicles) with BODIPY-labeled lipids. In addition to an absorption band located at about 480 nm, a new weak absorption band is also observed at ca. 570 nm. Both bands are ascribed to the formation of BODIPY dimers of different conformation (D(I) and D(II)). Contrary to D(I) in PAI-1, the D(II) aggregates absorbing at 570 nm are emitting light observed as a broad band centered at about 630 nm. The integrated absorption band of D(I) is about twice that of the monomer, which is compatible with exciton coupling within a dimer. The Förster radius of electronic energy transfer between a BODIPY excited monomer and the ground-state dimer (D(I)()) is 57 +/- 2 A. A simple model of exciton coupling suggests that in D(I) two BODIPY groups are stacked on top of each other in a sandwich-like configuration with parallel electronic transition dipoles. For D(II) the model suggests that the S(0) --> S(1) transition dipoles are colinear. An explanation for the previously reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 7801) exceptional light spectroscopic properties of BODIPY is also presented. These are ascribed to the extraordinary electric properties of the BODIPY chromophore. First, changes of the permanent electric dipole moment (Delta(mu) approximately -0.05 D) and polarizability (-26 x 10(-40) C m(2) V(-1)) between the ground and the first excited states are small. Second, the S(0) <--> S(1) electronic transition dipole moments are perpendicular to Delta(mu).
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Friberg, Peter, 1956, et al.
(author)
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Increased left ventricular mass in obese adolescents
- 2004
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 25:11, s. 987-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: An increase of left ventricular mass (LVM) has been reported in obese adolescents in previous studies using echocardiography. The aim of our study was to determine the extent of the increase in LVM and correlation to other risk factors using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in obese and lean adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nineteen obese and 20 lean adolescents were recruited. Following resting blood pressure measurements and blood sampling for insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels, all subjects underwent cardiac magnetic resonance examination to assess LVM. LVM adjusted for body height was 16% greater in obese compared to lean adolescents (median 66 g/m, p = 0.0042). Obese subjects had higher resting systolic blood pressures than controls (median 115 vs. 110 mmHg, p = 0.0077) and higher fasting triglyceride and insulin levels. HDL-cholesterol levels were lower in the obese group compared with the lean group. CONCLUSIONS: Obese adolescents had a higher LVM than age-matched lean subjects, which correlated mainly with body mass index and systolic blood pressure. These findings add to the established cardiovascular risk profile of obese adolescents.
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| 7. |
- Furuskär, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Controlling QoS for Mixed Voice and Data Services in GERAN - The GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network
- 2001
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In: Proceedings - 2001 International Conference on Third Generation Wireless and Beyond. - New York : IEEE. - 0780367286 ; , s. 147-151
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes and evaluates service-based power setting for the GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN). Service-based power setting is a simple radio resource management scheme that allows management of multiple services with controlled quality of service (QoS), which is crucial for 3rd generation systems. Simulation results indicate that with proper power offsets between bearer services previously established single service capacities may be maintained also for a mix of different services. It is further shown that the power setting principles work well in combination with power control.
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| 8. |
- Furuskär, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Managing Mixed Services with Controlled QoS in GERAN - The GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network
- 2001
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In: 3G Mobile Communication Technologies, 2001. Second International Conference on (Conf. Publ. No. 477). - New York : IEEE. - 0852967314 ; , s. 147-151
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Managing multiple services with controlled quality of service (QoS) is crucial to 3rd generation cellular systems. This paper describes and evaluates a simple radio resource management scheme; service-based power setting, employed to accomplish this goal for the GSM/EDGF radio access network (GERAN). Simulation results indicate that with proper power offsets between bearer services previously established high capacities for single services may be maintained also for a mix of different services with controlled QoS.
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| 9. |
- Furuskär, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Mixed Service Management with QoS Control for GERAN - The GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network
- 2001
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In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. - New York : IEEE. - 0780367286 ; , s. 2635-2639
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes and evaluates service-based power setting for the GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN). Service-based power setting is a simple radio resource management scheme that allows management of multiple services with controlled Quality of Service (QoS), which is crucial for 3rd generation systems. Simulation results indicate that with proper power offsets between bearer services previously established single service capacities may be maintained also for a mix of different services. It is further shown that the power setting principles work well in combination with power control.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Högestätt, Edward D., et al.
(author)
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Involvement of sensory nerves in vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and potassium ions in rat hepatic artery
- 2000
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In: British Journal of Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1188. ; 130:1, s. 27-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the presence of ouabain (1 mM), acetylcholine and KCl (5 mM) evoked endothelium-independent relaxations in rat hepatic arteries. Treatment with capsaicin (10 μM), scopolamine (1 μM) or CGRP8-37 (3 μM) prevented these relaxations. Acetylcholine-induced relaxations in intact arterial segments in the presence of indomethacin (10 μM) and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (0.3 mM) were only partially inhibited by ouabain plus BaCl2 (30 μM). However, ouabain plus BaCl2 almost abolished such relaxations in capsaicin-pre-treated preparations. In arteries without endothelium, the neurosecretagogue α-latrotoxin (1 nM) induced complete relaxations, which were abolished by CGRP8-37 or pre-treatment with capsaicin. α-Latrotoxin also induced a smooth muscle hyperpolarization (12 ± 2 mV), which was abolished by CGRP8-37. The ability of ouabain to disclose a CGRP-mediated neurogenic relaxation must be considered when this agent is used as a pharmacological tool. The results further suggest that CGRP is a nerve-derived hyperpolarizing factor in the rat hepatic artery.
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| 12. |
- Johansson, Karl Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Historical-institutional framework
- 2002. - 1
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In: European political parties between cooperation and integration. - Baden-Baden : Nomos. - 3789076848 ; , s. 11-28
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 13. |
- Johnson, Magnus S.C. 1969, et al.
(author)
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Interaction of scavenger receptor class B type I with peroxisomal targeting receptor Pex5p.
- 2003
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In: Biochemical and biophysical research communications. - 0006-291X. ; 312:4, s. 1325-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is an HDL receptor that mediates selective HDL lipid uptake. Peroxisomes play an important role in lipid metabolism and peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1)-containing proteins are translocated to peroxisomes by the peroxisomal targeting import receptor, Pex5p. We have previously identified a PTS1 motif in the intracellular domain of rat SR-BI. Here, we examine the possible interaction between Pex5p and SR-BI. Expression of a Flag-tagged intracellular domain of SR-BI resulted in translocation to the peroxisome as demonstrated by double labeling with anti-Flag IgG and anti-catalase IgG analyzed by confocal microscopy. Immunoprecipitation experiments with anti-SR-BI antibody showed that Pex5p co-precipitated with SR-BI. However, when an antibody against Pex5p was used for immunoprecipitation, only the 57kDa, non-glycosylated form, of SR-BI co-precipitated. We conclude that the PTS1 domain of SR-BI is functional and can mediate peroxisomal interaction via Pex5p, in vitro.
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| 14. |
- Larsson, Peter, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Wireless communications system with detection of foreign radiation sources
- 2001
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Patent (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- NOVELTY - Involves enabling one node in the system to function as a central node which can make measurements on a frequency in a frequency band used by the system. The measurements detect if a frequency is being used by a transmitter foreign to the system. USE - For use in a wireless communications system with several broadcasting nodes e.g. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). ADVANTAGE - Enables WLAN to detect if e.g. nearby radar system transmitter is using same frequency and to take necessary steps if so. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The measurement is enabled by the central node transmitting a message to other nodes in the system. The message is predefined within the system as a message prohibiting all nodes from transmitting during a certain interval. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the signaling used when making measurements according to the method.
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| 15. |
- Lehmann, O. J., et al.
(author)
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Novel anterior segment phenotypes resulting from forkhead gene alterations: Evidence for cross-species conservation of function
- 2003
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In: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 0146-0404 .- 1552-5783. ; 44:6, s. 2627-2633
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE. Mutations in murine and human Versions of an ancestrally related gene usually result in similar phenotypes. However, interspecics differences exist, and in the case of two forkhead transcription factor genes (FOXC1 and FOXC2), these differences include corneal or anterior segment phenotypes, respectively. This study was undertaken to determine whether such discrepancies provide an opportunity for identifying novel human-murine ocular phenotypes. METHODS. Four pedigrees with early-onset glaucoma phenotypes secondary to segmental chromosomal duplications or deletions encompassing FOXC1 and 18 individuals from 9 FOXC2 mutation pedigrees underwent detailed ocular phenotyping. Subsequently, mice with mutations in Foxc1 or a related forkhead gene, Foxe3, were assessed for features of the human phenotypes. RESULTS. A significant increase in central corneal thickness was present in affected individuals from the segmental duplication pedigrees compared with their unaffected relatives (mean increase 13%, maximum 35%, P < 0.05). Alterations in corneal thickness were present in mice heterozygous and homozygous for Foxe3 mutations but neither in Foxc1 heterozygotes nor the small human segmental deletion pedigree. Mutations in FOXC2 resulted in ocular anterior segment anomalies. These were more severe and prevalent with mutations involving the forkhead domain. CONCLUSIONS. Normal corneal development is dependent on the precise dose and levels of activity of certain forkhead transcription factors. The altered corneal thickness attributable to increased forkhead gene dosage is particularly important, because it may affect the clinical management of certain glaucoma subtypes and lead to excessive treatment. The FOXC1 and Foxe3 data, taken together with the novel ocular phenotypes of FOXC2 mutations, highlight the remarkable cross-species conservation of function among forkhead genes.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Saltó, C, et al.
(author)
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Ablation of TRalpha2 and a concomitant overexpression of alpha1 yields a mixed hypo- and hyperthyroid phenotype in mice.
- 2001
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In: Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.). - : The Endocrine Society. - 0888-8809. ; 15:12, s. 2115-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thyroid hormone governs a diverse repertoire of physiological functions through receptors encoded in the receptor genes alpha and beta, which each generate variant proteins. In mammals, the alpha gene generates, in addition to the normal receptor TRalpha1, a non-hormone-binding variant TRalpha2 whose exact function is unclear. Here, we present the phenotype associated with the targeted ablation of TRalpha2 expression. Selective ablation of TRalpha2 resulted in an inevitable, concomitant overexpression of TRalpha1. Both TRalpha2 +/- and -/- mice show a complex phenotype with low levels of free T3 and free T4, and have inappropriately normal levels of TSH. The thyroid glands exhibit mild morphological signs of dysfunction and respond poorly to TSH, suggesting that the genetic changes affect the ability of the gland to release thyroid hormones. However, the phenotype of the mutant mice also has features of hyperthyroidism, including decreased body weight, elevated heart rate, and a raised body temperature. Furthermore, TRalpha2-/- and TRalpha2+/- mice are obese and exhibit skeletal alterations, associated with a late-onset growth retardation. The results thus suggest that the overexpression of TRalpha1 and the concomitant decrease in TRalpha2 expression lead to a mixed hyper- and hypothyroid phenotype, dependent on the tissue studied. The phenotypes suggest that the balance of TRalpha1:TRalpha2 expressed from the TRalpha gene provides an additional level of tuning the control of growth and homeostasis in mammalian species.
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