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- Broitman, E., et al.
(author)
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Structural, electrical, and optical properties of diamondlike carbon films deposited by dc magnetron sputtering
- 2003
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In: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. - : American Vacuum Society. - 0734-2101 .- 1520-8559.
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The electrical and optical properties of diamondlike carbon films deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering on Si substrates at room temperature have been measured as a function of the ion energy (Eion) and ion-to-carbon flux (Jion/JC). The results show that, in the ranges of 5 eV⩽Eion⩽85 eV and 1.1⩽Jion/JC⩽6.8, the presence of defective graphite formed by subplanted C and Ar atoms, voids, and the surface roughness, are the dominant influences on the resistivity and optical absorption
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- Carlsson, Gunnar E, 1930, et al.
(author)
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Long-term marginal periimplant bone loss in edentulous patients.
- 2000
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In: The International journal of prosthodontics. - 0893-2174. ; 13:4, s. 295-302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the long-term periimplant bone loss in patients treated with implant-supported fixed prostheses in both jaws. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The participants comprised 44 edentulous patients who have been followed for a 15-year period after treatment with a fixed implant-supported prosthesis in the mandible. Thirteen of them also received an implant-supported fixed prosthesis in the maxilla, on average 4.5 years after the mandibular treatment. The periimplant bone level was measured on intraoral radiographs. RESULTS: The long-term results of the implant treatment were successful, and only 1% (3/273) of the implants were lost in the mandible and 7% (5/75) in the maxilla. All but one of the failures occurred before the connection of the prostheses. The mean marginal bone loss around the implants was small (less than 1 mm for a 10-year period after implant placement), and was of similar magnitude in both jaws. However, the individual variation was relatively great. There was no significant difference in marginal bone loss between those who had a maxillary complete denture during the entire observation period and those who had received a fixed implant-supported maxillary prosthesis. Smokers lost more periimplant bone than did the nonsmokers; the difference was significant in the mandible but small and nonsignificant in the maxilla. CONCLUSION: The long-term periimplant bone loss was small and of similar magnitude in the mandible and the maxilla in subjects who had received implant-supported fixed prostheses in both jaws. The prosthetic status in the maxilla, i.e., complete denture or fixed implant-supported prosthesis, had no significant influence on the mandibular periimplant bone loss.
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- Ekelund, Jan-Anders, et al.
(author)
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Implant treatment in the edentulous mandible: a prospective study on Brånemark system implants over more than 20 years.
- 2003
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In: The International journal of prosthodontics. - 0893-2174. ; 16:6, s. 602-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: This prospective investigation studied the clinical and radiographic performance of mandibular fixed prostheses supported by osseointegrated implants over more than 20 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 273 standard Brånemark implants (10 mm long) were placed in 47 patients between 1978 and 1982. Clinical and radiographic data collected at several examinations over the 20-year observation period have been reported previously. This study presents the outcome of the latest follow-up after 20 to 23 years. RESULTS: Thirty patients (64%; 75% of those still alive) attended the 20-year follow-up examination. Three implants were lost during the entire observation period, and the 20-year implant cumulative survival rate was 98.9%. All patients had continuous prosthesis function, but two had their mandibular prostheses remade during the 20 years. No implants or prostheses were lost or fractured during the last 5 years, and only a few prosthodontic complications were noted. The mean bone level was 1.6 mm (SD 0.90) below the reference point after 20 years, and mean bone loss was 0.2 mm (SD 0.22) between the 15- and 20-year follow-ups. Thirty-seven implants (24%) showed more than two exposed threads at the 15-year follow-up examination, but only four implants (3%) presented pain and/or bone loss exceeding one thread (0.6 mm) during the last 5 years. CONCLUSION: The successful treatment result after 15 years continued up to more than 20 years in function. During the last 5 years, a majority of the implants with several exposed implant threads could be maintained without any complications, and the frequency of implants showing signs of ongoing peri-implantitis was less than 3%.
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- He, J. J., et al.
(author)
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Phthalocyanine-sensitized nanostructured TiO2 electrodes prepared by a novel anchoring method
- 2001
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In: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 17:9, s. 2743-2747
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel method for anchoring phthalocyanines substituted with ester groups onto nanostructured TiO2 films is described. Such phthalocyanines did not adsorb on nanostructured TiO2 film by the ordinary methods. In our new method, the TiO2 film is pretreated with (CH3)(3)COLi to change the surface hydroxyl groups (-OH) into oxygen anions (-O-), thus making the surface more reactive toward the ester functionalities of the dye. The dye can then be anchored onto the semiconductor surface through the produced carboxylate group(s). The amount of anchored dye on the semiconductor shows a dependence on both the time of base treatment and the time of dye treatment. Electrodes treated with the free base phthalocyanine and zinc phthalocyanine were characterized by absorption spectroscopy, photocurrent action spectroscopy, and photocurrent-photovoltage measurements. The homogeneous blue-green color and the absorption bands in the far-red region are indicative of an attachment of the dye on TiO2 film. A monochromatic incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency of 4.3 % was achieved at 690 nm for a cell where the base-treated electrode was treated with ZnPcBu.
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- Lindquist, Catarina, et al.
(author)
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Penicillin blocks human alpha(1)beta(1) and alpha(1)beta(1)gamma(2S) GABA(A) channels that open spontaneously.
- 2004
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In: European Journal of Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0712 .- 0014-2999. ; 496:1-3, s. 23-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We used the open-channel blocker, penicillin (10 mM), as a tool to investigate if the human α1β1 or α1β1γ2S γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor channels opened in the absence of GABA. Application of penicillin to cells expressing the receptors resulted in a transient inward whole-cell current, the off-current, upon penicillin removal. The amplitude of the off-current was dependent on the duration of the penicillin application, it reversed in polarity at depolarized potentials and exhibited “run-down” similar to the GABA-activated currents. Bicuculline (100 μM) blocked the off-current response. Pentobarbital (50 μM) enhanced the peak off-current amplitude by 2.8 and 3.4 in α1β1 and α1β1γ2S receptors, respectively. Diazepam (1 μM) only enhanced the off-current peak response in α1β1γ2S receptors (1.6) and induced the development of an inward current when applied alone. The results are consistent with that the α1β1 or α1β1γ2S GABAA receptors can open in the absence of GABA and raise the question of what role spontaneous channel openings have in the function of GABAA receptors.
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- Lindquist, O.P.A., et al.
(author)
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Ordinary and extraordinary dielectric functions of 4H- and 6H-SiC from 3.5 to 9.0 eV
- 2001
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In: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 78:18, s. 2715-2717
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report ordinary (??c axis) and extraordinary (??c axis) dielectric function data of 4H- and 6H-SiC from 3.5 to 9.0 eV. These data, which were obtained by with spectroscopic ellipsometry, are also compared to recently reported ab initio calculations. Critical point energies were found using real and reciprocal space analysis. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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- Olsen, E, et al.
(author)
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Dissolution of platinum in methoxy propionitrile containing LiI/I-2
- 2000
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In: SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0927-0248. ; 63:3, s. 267-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The stability of vapour deposited Pt and Pd as electrocatalysts on fluorine doped, tin oxide coated glass for the use as counter electrodes in dye senzitized electrochemical solar cells has been investigated. The electrocatalytically active layers did not
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| 13. |
- Ostergren, A, et al.
(author)
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Long-term retention of neurotoxic beta-carbolines in brain neuromelanin
- 2004
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In: Journal of Neural Transmission. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-9564 .- 1435-1463. ; 111:2, s. 141-157
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- beta-Carbolines show structural resemblance to the neurotoxic N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and are metabolized to mitochondrial toxicants. Humans are continuously exposed to low levels of beta-carbolines through cooked food, coffee, alcoholic beverages and tobacco smoke. beta-Carbolines have previously been detected in higher levels in the pigmented substantia nigra than in the cortex of humans. The distribution of H-3-labelled harman and norharman in the brain of pigmented and albino mice and in frogs (a species having neuromelanin) was studied by tape-section and light-microscopic autoradiography. Furthermore, the binding of these beta-carbolines to dopamine-melanin and melanin granules from Sepia officinalis was examined. The results revealed a high affinity binding to melanin and a long-term retention (up to 30 days) in pigmented tissues, including neuromelanin-containing neurons of frogs after a single injection. The role of long-term exposure to food-related beta-carbolines and a retention of these compounds in pigment-containing neurons in the induction of idiopathic Parkinson's disease should be further considered.
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- Wang, HL, et al.
(author)
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Electrochemical investigation of traps in a nanostructured TiO2 film
- 2001
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In: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1089-5647. ; 105:13, s. 2529-2533 Language: English
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electron traps at the nanostructured TiO2 (anatase)/aqueous electrolyte interface have been studied by means of electrochemical methods. The transient current decays at different potentials positive of the flat band potential clearly illustrate the trap-f
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| 18. |
- Wang, H. L., et al.
(author)
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Electrochemical investigation of traps in a nanostructured TiO2 film
- 2001
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In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5647 .- 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 105:13, s. 2529-2533
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electron traps at the nanostructured TiO2 (anatase)/aqueous electrolyte interface have been studied by means of electrochemical methods. The transient current decays at different potentials positive of the flat band potential clearly illustrate the trap-filling process. The more negative the potential, the shorter the trap-filling period. It is found that most traps locate positive of -0.9 V vs Ag/AgCl at pH 13, or positive of -0.3 V vs Ag/AgCl at pH 4.7. It is proposed that the trap distribution as a function of potential is directly proportional to dQ/dU, i.e., to the current density in a linear sweep voltammetry experiment. The trap densities in aqueous electrolytes are estimated to be 4 x 10(11) cm(-2) (microscopic area) at pH 4.7 and 5 x 10(13) cm(-2) (microscopic area) at pH 13. The pH dependency of the trap density indicates that traps investigated are surface-related.
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