| 1. |
- Björklund, Elisabet, 1983-
(author)
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The Most Delicate Subject : A History of Sex Education Films in Sweden
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to present a history of sex education films in Sweden, from their beginnings until the late 1970s, relating the films to the changing historical context of the Swedish welfare society. Within this framework, the dissertation explores two main sets of questions. First, utilizing a contextual understanding of genre, the dissertation analyzes how the films were produced, exhibited, and censored, what position and status they had, and where the borders were understood to be to kindred types of film, such as exploitation and pornography. Second, the norms and ideas about sexuality that the films construct are explored from a social constructionist perspective and put in historical context. Apart from the films themselves, the material used consists of censorship records, archival material, and articles and reviews from the daily press and the trade press.The study demonstrates that the sex education film has always been a delicate genre, and that this delicacy is related to the medium and to the fact that cinema is part of the commercial market. The sex education film came to Sweden through imported films during the silent era and was relatively common at Swedish movie theaters from the 1920s to the early 1970s. Very quickly, it became a contested genre thought to be in need of regulation, which can be seen in the censorship procedures. For instance, until the 1950s, screenings were often restricted through gender segregation. When film censorship was liberalized in the 1960s, sex education films could show more than before, and when the films in the sexually explicit Language of Love series (1969–1972) were released, their relationship to pornography became a central point of discussion. The changing views on using film in school sex education are also examined. Here, it is shown that if film was seen as a potentially helpful tool in the 1920s and 1930s, this view had changed into a more skeptical position by the early 1970s.In the analysis of the content of the films, only Swedish examples are studied. In the first group of theatrically shown films of this kind, which appeared in the 1940s and 1950s, sexuality is represented as problematic through the themes of venereal disease and abortion. Here, casual sex is seen as immoral and abortion is condemned. At the same time, the films display how traditional and modern views on sexuality and gender were under negotiation during this period. While reproduction was the dominating perspective in school films well into the 1970s, the Language of Love films display a radically different perspective on sex, not least because of their focus on sexual pleasure. However, while the films advocate a liberal idea about sexuality according to which science leads to liberation, a focus on romantic long-term relationships can also be noted. Throughout the period, there is an emphasis on rationality and science and on a secular perspective on sex in which love is seen as more important than matrimony. In this way, the films in general reflect a strong belief in modernity and progress that was characteristic of Sweden during the welfare era.
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| 2. |
- Daneback, Kristian, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Kärlek och sexualitet på internet
- 2010
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In: I: P.O. Lundberg & L Löfgren Mårtenson (Red.) Sexologi. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147015450 ; , s. 137-142
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Daneback, Kristian, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Outcomes of using the internet for sexual purposes: fulfilment of sexual desires
- 2013
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In: Sexual Health. - : CSIRO Publishing. - 1448-5028 .- 1449-8987. ; 10:1, s. 26-31
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The purpose of the current study was to examine the characteristics of those who report fulfilment of sexual desires as a result of internet use for sexual purposes and which sexually related online activities contribute to the fulfilment of sexual desires. Methods: Data were collected through a questionnaire posted on Swedish-language websites in 2009. The sample comprised 1614 respondents who reported using the internet for sexual purposes, 62% women and 38% men. Results: The results showed that the majority of the respondents had their sexual desires fulfilled as a result of their sexually related activities on the internet; 21% to a great extent and 59% to a small extent, but 20% did not have their sexual desires fulfilled. Using a multinomial logistic regression analysis, respondents who had their sexual desires fulfilled to a small or great extent were each compared with those who did not have their sexual desires fulfilled at all. At the level of individual characteristics and sexual behaviours, those with no fulfilment of their sexual desires did not differ from those who had their sexual desires fulfilled, with the exceptions of age and masturbation. In comparison to fulfilment to a small extent, fulfilment of sexual desires to a great extent was predicted by a larger number of sexually related online activities that were based on interaction.Conclusion: The findings suggest that the internet may contribute to fulfilment of sexual desires among a large internet population, irrespective of sex or sexual identity. - See more at: http://www.publish.csiro.au.ezproxy.ub.gu.se/paper/SH11023.htm#sthash.LDEg2PUf.dpuf
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Daneback, Kristian, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Technological advancements and internet sexuality: Does private access to the internet influence online sexual behavior?
- 2012
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In: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 2152-2715 .- 2152-2723. ; 15, s. 386-390
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether demographic characteristics and sexual behavior online and offline were associated with private, respectively, nonprivate access to the Internet in a Web sample of people who use the Internet for sexual purposes. A total of 1,913 respondents completed an online questionnaire about Internet sexuality, and 1,614 reported using the Internet for sexual purposes. The majority of these respondents reported having access to an Internet-connected computer no one else had access to (62 percent women and 70 percent men). The results showed that it is possible to differentiate between those who have access to an Internet-connected computer no one else has access to and those who have shared access to an Internet-connected computer. Not only did they differ in demographic characteristics, but also in the sexual activities they engaged in on the Internet. Different patterns were found for women and men. For example, men who had private access to Internet-connected computers were more likely than those who had shared access to seek information about sexual issues. Thus, having access to Internet computers no one else has access to may promote sexual knowledge and health for men. The results of this study along with the technological development implies that in future research, attention should be paid to where and how people access the Internet in relation to online behavior in general and online sexual behavior in particular.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Daneback, Kristian, 1974, et al.
(author)
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The Internet as a source of information about sexuality
- 2012
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In: Sex Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1468-1811 .- 1472-0825. ; 12:5, s. 583-598
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To use the Internet for sex educational purposes and for sex information has been recognised by prior research as benefits of the technological development and important areas to investigate, but few empirical studies have so far been conducted. The purpose of this study was to identify those who use the Internet to seek information about sexual issues and to examine the reasons for using the Internet for this purpose. A total of 1913 respondents completed an online Swedish questionnaire about Internet sexuality and the 1614 who reported using the Internet for sexual purposes were selected for analysis in the current study. More than one-half of these respondents claimed to use the Internet to seek information about sexual issues. The results showed that men and women of all ages used the Internet for this purpose, suggesting that the need for sexual education persists even in the adult years. The reasons for seeking information were primarily to get knowledge about the body, about how to have sex, and out of curiosity. Knowing who seeks information about sexuality on the Internet and the reasons why may be helpful in identifying the needs of different groups of individuals as well as tailoring the information provided, both online and offline.
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| 9. |
- Danebäck, Kristian, et al.
(author)
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Online Sex Shops : Purchasing Sexual Merchandise on the Internet
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Sexual Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1931-7611 .- 1931-762X. ; 23:2, s. 102-110
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of those who purchase sexual merchandise on the Internet, what merchandise they purchase, and the reason they use the Internet for this purpose. Data were collected through a Web questionnaire. Approximately 30% of the 1,614 respondents who reported to use the Internet for sexual purposes had purchased sexual merchandise online. The results suggested those who purchased sexual merchandise were older adults and in relationships. In addition, they had a relatively high level of sexual activity. Vibrators/dildos were the most popular items, and the primary reason given for making the purchase online was convenience.
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| 10. |
- Hedin, Ulla-Caring, et al.
(author)
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Whistleblowing processes in Swedish public organisations : complaints and consequences
- 2012
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In: European Journal of Social Work. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 15:2, s. 151-167
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Få studier av kritikerprocesser (whistleblowing) har genomförts. I denna explorativa studie har 21 fall av whistleblowing inom olika människovårdande organisationer i Sverige undersökts. Omfattande material från kvalitatativa intervjuer med 28 kritiker och 30 nyckelpersoner samt utredningar och dokument från olika tillsynsmyndigheter har analyserats. Resultaten visar att organisatoriska missförhållanden utgjorde bakgrund till kritiken, t ex nedskärningar i viktig service till brukare, oetiska arbetsmetoder eller kränkningar som brukarna utsattes för. Kritik inom organisationen möttes ofta med tystnad från arbetsledare och chefer. Kritikerna gick då vidare genom att rapportera om missförhållandena till olika tillsynsmyndigheter t ex JO, Socialstyrelsen. Dessa startade noggranna utredningar av fallen. Kritikernas handlande ledde till negativa reaktioner inom organisationen, men de fick ofta stöd av journalister och vanliga medborgare. Många kritiker beskrev omfattande repressalier som de hade utsatts för. Hälften av de intervjuade hade lämnat sina anställningar på grund av sjukskrivning, omplacering eller byte av arbete. Resultaten visar på en stigmatiseringsprocess med allvarliga följder för de involverade kritikerna. Men det framgår också att organisationerna som en följd av kritiken ibland tvingades att ändra sina oetiska och ibland direkt olagliga arbetssätt. Det går att hävda att organisationerna i det långa loppet tjänade på kritiken och att den i vissa fall ledde till förbättringar för brukarna.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Lindroth, Malin, et al.
(author)
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Marginaliserad sexualitet? Tvångsomhändertagna ungdomars attityder, erfarenheter och handlingar
- 2012
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In: Socionomens forskningssupplement. - : SSR. - 0283-1929. ; :31, s. 44-52
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tvångsomhändertagna ungdomar är riskutsatta på många områden. Denna artikel fokuserar specifikt ungdomar på statliga ungdomshem. Vi redogör för hur ett urval av dessa unga har svarat i en enkätundersökning rörande sexuell hälsa samt hur deras svar på flera väsentliga punkter skiljer sig från övriga unga. Forskningsresultatet som är det första i sitt slag i Sverige stämmer väl överens med tidigare forskning som visar på samband mellan flera olika riskfaktorer eller riskbeteenden varav sexuellt risktagande är ett. Tillika ger det viktig kunskap att använda vid utformandet av en målgruppsanpassad modell för sex- och samlevnadsundervisning.
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| 13. |
- Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta, et al.
(author)
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”Det är värt risken” Unga inom Sis och sexuell hälsa
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Rapporten presenterar en intervjustudie om sexuell hälsa bland unga, som har genomförts på två av SiS särskilda ungdomshem. Studien baseras på 20 intervjuer med nio flickor och elva pojkar i åldrarna 15–20 år. Ett särskilt fokus läggs på ungdomarnas egna erfarenheter, attityder och kunskaper. Ungdomarna beskriver sexualiteten främst som en möjlighet att få något positivt, såsom närhet, njutning och bekräftelse, medan risken att drabbas av sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar, sexuella övergrepp eller oönskade graviditeter tonas ner. Ungdomarna tycks navigera i det sexuella landskapet med hjälp av olika strategier: bagatellisering av sexuella risker, bedömningar av sexuella risksituationer baserat på partnerns utseende och rykte, känslomässigt distanserande, senareläggande av tidpunkten för den sexuella debuten då denna varit ett övergrepp samt kompensatoriska handlingar. Kanske är det just trygghetslängtan och bilden av kompensatoriska strategier i avsikt att söka sig till närhet och intimitet, som är den viktigaste pusselbiten i förståelsen av de ungas utsagor om sexuellt agerande. ISBN 978-91-87053-20-7 ”Det är värt risken” Unga inom SiS och sexuell hälsa Lotta
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| 14. |
- Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta, et al.
(author)
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Lust, Love, and Life : A Qualitative Study of Swedish Adolescents' Perceptions and Experiences with Pornography
- 2013
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In: Sexuality and the Internet. - : Malmö university, Faculty of health and society. - 9789171044761 ; , s. 135-146
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Previously published as Löfgren-Mårtenson, L. & Månsson, S-A. (2010). Lust, Love, and Life: A Qualitative Study of Swedish Adolescents’ Perceptions and Experiences with Pornography, Journal of Sex Research, 47 (6), pp. 568-579.
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| 15. |
- Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta, et al.
(author)
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Lust, Love and Life : A qualitative study of Swedish adolescents’ perceptions and experiences with pornography
- 2010
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In: Journal of Sex Research. - : Routledge. - 0022-4499 .- 1559-8519. ; 47:6, s. 568-579
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a widespread concern in Western society about the visibility of pornography in public places and on the Internet. What are the consequences for young men and women, and how do they think about gender, sexuality, and pornography? Data was collected, through 22 individual interviews and seven focus groups, from 51 participants (36 women and 37 men aged 14–20 years) in Sweden. The results indicated a process of both normalization and ambivalence. Pornography was used as a form of social intercourse, a source of information, and a stimulus for sexual arousal. Pornography consumption was more common among the young men than among the women. For both the young men and women, the pornographic script functioned as a frame of reference in relation to bodily ideals and sexual performances. Most of the participants had acquired the necessary skills of how to deal with the exposure to pornography in a sensible and reflective manner.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Månsson, Sven-Axel, et al.
(author)
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Sexualiteten i en friare skepnad?
- 2011
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In: I I. Höjer & S. Höjer (Red.) Familj, vardagsliv och modernitet: En festskrift till Margareta Bäck-Wiklund. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9789186796792 - 9789186796785 ; , s. 159-176
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Plantin, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Hiv i Sverige : kunskaper, attityder och beteenden hos allmänheten 1987-2011
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hur allmänhetens attityder, kunskaper och beteenden i fråga om hiv har förändrats under perioden 1987–2011. Den baseras på åtta enkätundersökningar, vardera riktade till ett slumpmässigt urval av 4 000–6 000 individer ur den svenska befolkningen.
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| 21. |
- Plantin, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Introduktion
- 2012
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In: Sexualitetsstudier. - : Liber. - 9789147096787 ; , s. 5-10
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 22. |
- Richert, Torkel, et al.
(author)
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Kvinnor som injicerar heroin respektive amfetamin : skillnader i social situation, erfarenhet av behandling och önskemål om hjälp
- 2011
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In: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - : Förbundet för forskning i socialt arbete (FORSA). - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 18:2, s. 144-164
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Women Who Inject Heroin or Amphetamines - Differences in Life Situation, History of Treatment and Request for HelpThe purpose of the present paper is to investigate differences between women who inject heroin and women who inject amphetamines, particularly as regards their life situation, treatment history and current request for help. The results are based on standardized interviews with 188 women at the needle exchange program in Malmö. A larger proportion of amphetamine users had stable housing combined with exclusively legal/formal sources of incomes (wage labour, pension, social benefits), whereas a larger proportion of heroin users had unstable housing combined with illegal/informal sources of income (prostitution, dealing, theft). This implicates that amphetamine users, in general, are more socially included whereas heroin users are more marginalized. Women with heroin as their principal drug reported to a higher extent, experiences of all types of treatment, lifetime history of treatment, treatment at several different occasions and contact with the social services and outreach groups during the last year. Several factors where significantly related to a request for help, whereas heroin as principal drug was the single factor showing a significant relation to request for help in a multivariate logistic regression equation. The differences between the two groups as regards their history of treatment and present requests for help may have several explanations. One probable explanation has to do with different levels of abuse and dependence in the two groups, where heroin users, due to a higher level of dependence, have a greater demand for care and treatment. A second explanation concerns differences in treatment supplies available for the two groups. To this day there is no evidence-based treatment for amphetamine abuse. Treatment options for heroin abuse, on the other hand, are well documented and well recognized and heroin users are a prioritized group for interventions within the Swedish care system.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Ross, Michael W., et al.
(author)
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Occupational health and safety among commercial sex workers
- 2012
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : National Institute of Occupational Health, Norway. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 38:2, s. 105-119
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The concept of occupational health and safety (OHS) for commercial sex workers has rarely been investigated, perhaps because of the often informal nature of the workplace, the associated stigma, and the frequently illegal nature of the activity. We reviewed the literature on health, occupational risks, and safety among commercial sex workers. Cultural and local variations and commonalities were identified. Dimensions of OHS that emerged included legal and policing risks, risks associated with particular business settings such as streets and brothels, violence from clients, mental health risks and protective factors, alcohol and drug use, repetitive strain injuries, sexually transmissible infections, risks associated with particular classes of clients, issues associated with male and transgender commercial sex workers, and issues of risk reduction that in many cases are associated with lack of agency or control, stigma, and legal barriers. We further discuss the impact and potential of OHS interventions for commercial sex workers. The OHS of commercial sex workers covers a range of domains, some potentially modifiable by OHS programs and workplace safety interventions targeted at this population. We argue that commercial sex work should be considered as an occupation overdue for interventions to reduce workplace risks and enhance worker safety.
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| 25. |
- Ross, Michael W., et al.
(author)
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Prevalence, Severity, and Correlates of Problematic Sexual Internet Use in Swedish Men and Women
- 2012
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In: Archives of Sexual Behavior. - : Springer. - 0004-0002 .- 1573-2800. ; 41:2, s. 459-466
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The content and prevalence of problematic Internet sexual use was investigated in a sample of 1,913 Internet-recruited younger Swedish men and women. Five items as part of a larger Internet sexual use study addressed problems associated with it, control, dysphoria, feeling “addicted,” and feeling the need for treatment. The resulting scale of Internet sexual problems indicated that 5% of women and 13% of men reported some problems, with 2% of women and 5% of men indicating serious problems across the five items. Of five predictors of problematic use, three were significant: religiosity, having negative experiences with Internet sexual use, and frequency of pornography viewing. The viewing and sharing of pornography was most closely associated with reported problems. Data also suggested that having some very specific pornographic content interests were associated with an increase in reported problems. While these data were limited by the non-random nature of the sample, they suggest that Internet sexual problems are measurable, are a subset of Internet addiction with sexual content, and affect a small but significant proportion of the Internet-using population.
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| 26. |
- Scaramuzzino, Gabriella, 1979-
(author)
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Sexsäljares och sexköpares kollektiva handlande på internet : En svensk "fuckförening"?
- 2014
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis aims to understand and explain the importance that prostitution forums have for the exercise of power and influence in the area of prostitution. It also seeks to clarify how these forums developed and were able to occur within a Swedish context. Sweden was the first country to legislate to criminalise only the buying, but not the sale, of sexual services. Social work provisions aims to get people out of prostitution. The thesis is based on an ethnographic study of the three largest Swedish prostitution forums during a two-year period. The empirical material consists of both quantitative participant and content analysis and field notes from observation of the interactions on the forums. The theoretical framework is based mainly on A Theory of Fields by Neil Fligstein and Doug McAdam. It focuses on the collective action on - and between - fields and how institutions are reproduced and changed. The results show that most of the content was published by a smaller group of actors. The interaction can be divided into the following subjects: social shims; information; negotiations and rules; advice and support; viewpoints on the forum as well as discussion on prostitution and its regulation. Moreover, the study shows that the forums enabled both sex service providers and sex clients to meet collectively, pursue common interests and discuss which rules should prevail in the prostitution market. Providers also pursued self-organised harm reduction social measures. This form of self-help was also sanctioned by a municipal prostitution unit, which can be interpreted as if it acted in a contrary direction to the government’s prostitution policy. The actors in the forums perceived themselves to be stigmatised by society, where sex service providers to a greater extent than sex clients, described a form of stigma. In the forums they could, however, feel a sense of belonging. The actors perceived themselves to be monitored by the Swedish state and they collectively self-regulated the interaction. Sex service providers and sex clients also co-operated, on occasions, with the Swedish state in order to jointly combat child prostitution, human trafficking and organised crime.
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| 27. |
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