| 1. |
- Thynell, Marie
(author)
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Researching the transition to Ecological Civilization
- 2019
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In: Global Modernization Review from The 3rd International Modernization Forum, 2019.. - Beijing : Peking University Press.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the Age of the Anthropocene, hazardous pollutants and foul air impede on a prosperous development in China. Accordingly, in 2013, the strategy of development was redirected towards establishing Ecological Civilization (wenming 生态文明) to respond to the growing adversaries associated with earlier modern mainstream development such as rapid growth, industrialisation, urbanisation, social fragmentation, inequality, uneven development and non-resilient institutions. Amongst the responses was the rejuvenation of China and to lower the gaps between public acceptable risk levels of air pollution and the policy objectives e.g. to reduce the PM 2,5 by 25% in Beijing until 2017. The paper targets the reduction of PM 2,5 in cities, as a vehicle for the transition to Ecological Civilization and discusses the re-embeddedness and transformation of China based on the double movement and the Great Transformation presented by Polanyi. The science-policy-nexus is presented with examples from the Pearl River Delta Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network – Regional Collaborative Efforts together with policies and strategies to combat the environmental and socio-economic obstacles to achieve Ecological Civilization; the Air Pollution Action Plan (CAAC, 2013) and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Vision and Actions on Jointly Building the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. In 2017 President Xi Jinping stated that ‘ecological civilisation’ is the long-term approach to a future secure and prosperous China. In order to address development-related problems, the current national strategy of development and in particular the eco-civilizations prioritises pollution reduction, efficient use of natural resources, food security, climate change mitigation and adaptation. The notion of ‘Eco-civilization’ sits well within the Chinese tradition and has a strong discursive power in that it envisions better planning and future development within China’s ecological capacity.
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| 2. |
- Bernhard, Irene, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Networking and e-government for local development : experiences gained by entrepreneurs in small enterprises in Sweden
- 2016
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In: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 29:2, s. 154-175
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper aims to analyse experiences gained by entrepreneurs in small enterprises located in a region undergoing structural change, focusing on networking and e-government for local development. The study is a further development of a study that focused on how municipalities supported entrepreneurship and destination development. In-depth qualitative interviews were made with twelve entrepreneurs from ten small enterprises. Based on a theoretical discussion of networking, e-government and social media marketing, the results indicate that networks and strategic networking were important in order to develop their enterprises, which also contributed to local development. The importance of initial face-to-face contacts in order to build business relationships in networks was stressed. The use of local e-government was hitherto limited to e-services for public procurement, the use of social media marketing was limited due to lack of time, competence and motivation for most of the entrepreneurs.
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| 4. |
- Wittek, Peter, et al.
(author)
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An Ordering of Terms Based on Semantic Relatedness
- 2009
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In: Proceedings of IWCS-8, January 7-9, 2009, Tilburg, The Netherlands. ; , s. 235-247
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Term selection methods typically employ a statistical measure to filter or weight terms. Term expansion for IR may also depend on statistics, or use some other, non-metric method based on a lexical resource. At the same time, a wide range of semantic similarity measures have been developed to support natural language processing tasks such as word sense disambiguation. This paper combines the two approaches and proposes an algorithm that provides a semantic order of terms based on a semantic relatedness measure. This semantic order can be exploited by term weighting and term expansion methods.
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| 6. |
- Sellman, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Modeling nation-wide US swine movement networks at the resolution of the individual premises
- 2022
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In: Epidemics. - : Elsevier. - 1755-4365 .- 1878-0067. ; 41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The spread of infectious livestock diseases is a major cause for concern in modern agricultural systems. In the dynamics of the transmission of such diseases, movements of livestock between herds play an important role. When constructing mathematical models used for activities such as forecasting epidemic development, evaluating mitigation strategies, or determining important targets for disease surveillance, including between -premises shipments is often a necessity. In the United States (U.S.), livestock shipment data is not routinely collected, and when it is, it is not readily available and mostly concerned with between-state shipments. To bridge this gap in knowledge and provide insight into the complete livestock shipment network structure, we have developed the U.S. Animal Movement Model (USAMM). Previously, USAMM has only existed for cattle shipments, but here we present a version for domestic swine. This new version of USAMM consists of a Bayesian model fit to premises demography, county-level livestock industry variables, and two limited data sets of between-state swine movements. The model scales up the data to simulate nation-wide networks of both within-and between-state shipments at the level of individual premises. Here we describe this shipment model in detail and subsequently explore its usefulness with a rudimentary predictive model of the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) across the U.S. Additionally, in order to promote further research on livestock disease and other topics involving the movements of swine in the U.S., we also make 250 synthetic premises-level swine shipment networks with complete coverage of the entire conterminous U.S. freely available to the research community as a useful surrogate for the absent shipment data.
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| 7. |
- Wetter-Edman, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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En undersökning av designprototypens karaktär och roll i policyutveckling
- 2023
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In: Nordic Journal of Innovation in the Public Sector. - : Universitetsforlaget. - 2704-0224. ; 2:1, s. 3-21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Transformativa förändringar i samhället tycks kräva etablering av nya institutioner. Nuvarande institutioner utvecklades för att stödja industrialiseringen och urbaniseringen som pågick under 1800 och 1900-talet. Genom policyutveckling kan nya institutioner möta dagens ökande komplexitet. I denna studie har design använts för att utveckla policy över flera nivåer i det offentliga systemet; från lokal, till regional och nationell nivå. Det analytiska fokuset i studien berör de policyprototyper som förekommer på de olika systemnivåerna samt deras form och karaktär. I artikeln relateras prototyper till den generiska policycykeln, men också till differentieringen mellan institutionella, deliberativa och iscensättande förhållningssätt till policyutveckling. Studien lyfter fram två karaktärer som prototyper antar i olika delar av policyutvecklingsprocessen. Dels som katalysator över systemnivåer och dels som koppling mellan systemnivåer. Bidraget från den här studien, är framförallt att sätta fokus på vikten av prototypen, som en del av policyutveckling, och som en nödvändig del av ett prototypande. Transformative changes in society appear to necessitate new institutional frameworks, as current ones were tailored for 19th and 20th century industrialization and urbanization. By employing design in policy development, we can address the growing complexity of contemporary challenges across various public system levels, from the local to the national. In this study, design has been employed to develop policies across multiple levels in the public system, ranging from local to regional and national levels. This study’s analytical focus centers on policy prototypes at these levels, linking them to the generic policy cycle, and distinguishing between institutional, deliberative, and performative policy development approaches. This study highlights two key roles of prototypes in policy development: catalysts bridging system levels, and connectors between them. Its primary contribution to public policy research underscores the significance of prototypes in policy development and their vital role in the prototyping process.
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| 9. |
- Tapani, Andreas, 1978-
(author)
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Traffic Simulation Modelling of Rural Roads and Driver Assistance Systems
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Microscopic traffic simulation has proven to be a useful tool for analysis of varioustraffic systems. This thesis consider microscopic traffic simulation of rural roads andthe use of traffic simulation for evaluation of driver assistance systems.A traffic simulation modelling framework for rural roads, the Rural Traffic Simulator(RuTSim), is developed. RuTSim is designed for simulation of traffic on singlecarriageway two-lane rural roads and on rural roads with separated oncoming trafficlanes. The simulated traffic may be interrupted by vehicles entering and leaving themodelled road at intersections or roundabouts.The RuTSim model is applied for analysis of rural road design alternatives.Quality-of-service effects of three alternatives for oncoming lane separation of anexisting Swedish two-lane road are analysed. In another model application, RuTSimis used to simulate traffic on a Dutch two-lane rural road. This application illustratesthat the high level of model detail of traffic micro-simulation may call for use of differentmodelling assumptions regarding driver behaviour for different applications,e. g. for simulation of traffic in different cultural regions.The use of traffic simulation for studies of driver assistance systems facilitateimpact analyses already at early stages of the system development. New and additionalrequirements are however then placed on the traffic simulation model. It isnecessary to model both the system functionality of the considered driver assistancesystem and the driver behaviour in system equipped vehicles. Such requirements canbe analysed using RuTSim.In this thesis, requirements on a traffic simulation model to be used for analysisof road safety effects of driver assistance systems are formulated and investigatedusing RuTSim. RuTSim is also applied for analyses of centre line rumble stripson two-lane roads, of an overtaking assistant and of adaptive cruise control. Thesestudies establish that the assumptions made regarding driver behaviour are crucialfor traffic simulation based analyses of driver assistance systems.
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| 11. |
- Gomes, Diego, et al.
(author)
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Mitigation of Alien Crosstalk for Downstream DSL Impaired by Multiple Interferers
- 2017
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In: IEEE Communications Letters. - 1089-7798.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alien crosstalk is one of the major impairments for copper-based transmissions. This letter outlines a method for mitigating alien crosstalk for DSL downstream transmissions impaired by multiple interference sources. The method requires a reference channel, and includes a post processing stage in which induced correlation is applied to prepare the interference at the target channel to be reasonably removed by a prediction based mitigation step. The results show that the proposed method outperforms published alien crosstalk mitigation methods as the number of interference sources increase in G.fast scenarios.
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| 12. |
- Fagevik Olsén, Monika, et al.
(author)
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Measuring chest expansion; a study comparing two different instructions
- 2011
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In: Advances in Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 13:3, s. 128-132
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine and compare the effect of two alternative instructions when measuring chest expansion. In 100 healthy subjects, chest expansion was measured using a circumference tape. In 30 healthy subjects, chest expansion was measured by a Respiratory Movement Measuring Instrument (RMMI). Both measurements were made at the level of the fourth rib and the xiphoid process. The two instructions evaluated were the traditional one: “breathe in maximally” and “breathe out maximally”, which were compared with a new one “breathe in maximally and make yourself as big as possible” and “breathe out maximally and make yourself as small as possible”. The addition of “make yourself as big/small as possible” in the new instruction resulted in a significantly increased thoracic excusion, 1.4 cm in upper and 0.9 cm in lower level of thorax, measured by tape, compared with the traditional instruction (p < 0.001). Measurements obtained using the RMMI also showed a significant difference, 2.3 mm in upper and 4.1 mm in lower level of thorax, between the two instructions in favour of the new instruction (p < 0.05). The verbal instruction during measurement of chest expansion is of importance when measured by tape and RMMI. To assess the maximal range of motion in the chest, the patient should be instructed not only to “breathe in/out maximally”, but also instructed to “make yourself as big/small as possible”
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| 13. |
- Risuleo, Riccardo Sven, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Semi-parametric kernel-based identification of Wiener systems
- 2018
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In: 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781538613955 ; , s. 3874-3879
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a technique for kernel-based identification of Wiener systems. We model the impulse response of the linear block with a Gaussian process. The static nonlinearity is modeled with a combination of basis functions. The coefficients of the static nonlinearity are estimated, together with the hyperparameters of the covariance function of the Gaussian process model, using an iterative algorithm based on the expectation-maximization method combined with elliptical slice sampling to sample from the posterior distribution of the impulse response given the data. The same sampling method is then used to find the posterior-mean estimate of the impulse response. We test the proposed algorithm on a benchmark of randomly-generated Wiener systems.
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| 14. |
- Smedberg, Åsa
(author)
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E-health communities for learning healthy habits : how to consider quality and usability
- 2011
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In: E-health systems quality and reliability. - Hershey PA : Medical Information Science Reference. - 9781616928438 - 9781616928452 ; , s. 204-220
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- There are e-health communities of many different kinds available on the Internet today. Some e-health communities are for people who need to change their established bad, or unhealthy, habits such as the ones for people suffering from overweight or smoking. To develop and maintain a healthier life-style is not an easy task to succeed with, it involves being able to change everyday situations. E-health communities can assist in this process through continuous interactions between community members. However, whether these e-health communities actively support learning depends on the ways they help community members reflect upon their habits, underlying reasons and motivational factors. In this chapter, the author presents a framework for how to evaluate these e-health communities from a learning perspective. The framework covers different types of conversation topics, ways to respond and community knowledge.
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