| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(author)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(author)
-
- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 92:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 12. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: The European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6052. ; 75:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 13. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 14. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: The European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6052. ; 75:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 15. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 91:11, s. 112011-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 16. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 17. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Societa Italiana di Fisica. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 18. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Societa Italiana di Fisica. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 19. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 114:23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 20. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 114:22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 21. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 92:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 22. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 115:13
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 23. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: The European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6052. ; 75:7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 32. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 115:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 33. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 34. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 35. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 36. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 115:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 37. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 115:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 38. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2015
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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- 2017
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In: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Acharya, B. S., et al.
(author)
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Introducing the CTA concept
- 2013
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In: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 43, s. 3-18
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 43. |
- Bombarda, F., et al.
(author)
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Runaway electron beam control
- 2019
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In: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 61:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 44. |
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- 2018
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In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)
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| 45. |
- Joffrin, E., et al.
(author)
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Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
- 2019
-
In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
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| 46. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(author)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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In: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 47. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(author)
-
Very high-energy gamma-ray follow-up program using neutrino triggers from IceCube
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe and report the status of a neutrino-triggered program in IceCube that generates real-time alerts for gamma-ray follow-up observations by atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC and VERITAS). While IceCube is capable of monitoring the whole sky continuously, high-energy gamma-ray telescopes have restricted fields of view and in general are unlikely to be observing a potential neutrino-flaring source at the time such neutrinos are recorded. The use of neutrino-triggered alerts thus aims at increasing the availability of simultaneous multi-messenger data during potential neutrino flaring activity, which can increase the discovery potential and constrain the phenomenological interpretation of the high-energy emission of selected source classes (e. g. blazars). The requirements of a fast and stable online analysis of potential neutrino signals and its operation are presented, along with first results of the program operating between 14 March 2012 and 31 December 2015.
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| 48. |
-
- 2019
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 49. |
- Murari, A., et al.
(author)
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A control oriented strategy of disruption prediction to avoid the configuration collapse of tokamak reactors
- 2024
-
In: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 15:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of thermonuclear fusion consists of producing electricity from the coalescence of light nuclei in high temperature plasmas. The most promising route to fusion envisages the confinement of such plasmas with magnetic fields, whose most studied configuration is the tokamak. Disruptions are catastrophic collapses affecting all tokamak devices and one of the main potential showstoppers on the route to a commercial reactor. In this work we report how, deploying innovative analysis methods on thousands of JET experiments covering the isotopic compositions from hydrogen to full tritium and including the major D-T campaign, the nature of the various forms of collapse is investigated in all phases of the discharges. An original approach to proximity detection has been developed, which allows determining both the probability of and the time interval remaining before an incoming disruption, with adaptive, from scratch, real time compatible techniques. The results indicate that physics based prediction and control tools can be developed, to deploy realistic strategies of disruption avoidance and prevention, meeting the requirements of the next generation of devices.
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| 50. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(author)
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DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
-
In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
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