| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Chen, Zhi-Qiang, et al.
(author)
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Leveraging breeding programs and genomic data in Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) for GWAS analysis
- 2021
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In: Genome Biology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify loci underlying the variation of complex traits. One of the main limitations of GWAS is the availability of reliable phenotypic data, particularly for long-lived tree species. Although an extensive amount of phenotypic data already exists in breeding programs, accounting for its high heterogeneity is a great challenge. We combine spatial and factor-analytics analyses to standardize the heterogeneous data from 120 field experiments of 483,424 progenies of Norway spruce to implement the largest reported GWAS for trees using 134 605 SNPs from exome sequencing of 5056 parental trees.Results: We identify 55 novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that are associated with phenotypic variation. The largest number of QTLs is associated with the budburst stage, followed by diameter at breast height, wood quality, and frost damage. Two QTLs with the largest effect have a pleiotropic effect for budburst stage, frost damage, and diameter and are associated with MAP3K genes. Genotype data called from exome capture, recently developed SNP array and gene expression data indirectly support this discovery.Conclusion: Several important QTLs associated with growth and frost damage have been verified in several southern and northern progeny plantations, indicating that these loci can be used in QTL-assisted genomic selection. Our study also demonstrates that existing heterogeneous phenotypic data from breeding programs, collected over several decades, is an important source for GWAS and that such integration into GWAS should be a major area of inquiry in the future.
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| 3. |
- Dai, Y. L., et al.
(author)
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Asynchronous embryonic germ cell development leads to a heterogeneity of postnatal ovarian follicle activation and may influence the timing of puberty onset in mice
- 2022
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In: BMC Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1741-7007. ; 20:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Ovarian follicles, which are the basic units of female reproduction, are composed of oocytes and surrounding somatic (pre) granulosa cells (GCs). A recent study revealed that signaling in somatic preGCs controlled the activation (initial recruitment) of follicles in the adult ovaries, but it is also known that there are two waves of follicle with age-related heterogeneity in their developmental dynamics in mammals. Although this heterogeneity was proposed to be crucial for female reproduction, our understanding of how it arises and its significance is still elusive. Results In the current study, by deleting the key secreted factor KIT ligand from preGCs and analyzing the follicle cell developmental dynamics, we revealed distinct patterns of activation and growth associated with the two waves of follicles in mouse ovary. Our results confirmed that activation of adult wave follicles is initiated by somatic preGCs and dependent on the KIT ligand. By contrast, activation of first wave follicles, which are awakened from germ cells before follicle formation, can occur in the absence of preGC-secreted KIT ligand in postnatal ovaries and appears to be oocyte-initiated. We also found that the asynchronous activity of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases (PI3K) signaling and meiotic process in embryonic germ cells lead to the follicle heterogeneity in postnatal ovaries. In addition, we supplied evidence that the time sequence of embryonic germ cell development and its related first wave follicle growth are correlated to the time of puberty onset in females. Conclusion Taken together, our study provides evidence that asynchronous development of embryonic oocytes leads to the heterogeneity of postnatal ovarian follicle activation and development, and affects the timing of onset of puberty in females.
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| 4. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(author)
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The Ninth Visual Object Tracking VOT2021 Challenge Results
- 2021
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In: 2021 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW 2021). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665401913 ; , s. 2711-2738
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2021 is the ninth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 71 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in recent years. The VOT2021 challenge was composed of four sub-challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2021 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2021 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2021 focused on long-term tracking, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance and (iv) VOT-RGBD2021 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2021 dataset was refreshed, while VOT-RGBD2021 introduces a training dataset and sequestered dataset for winner identification. The source code for most of the trackers, the datasets, the evaluation kit and the results along with the source code for most trackers are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 5. |
- Li, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Wind tunnel test study on influence of open/close operation on aerodynamic noise characteristics of high-speed pantographs
- 2024
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In: Zhongnan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology). - 1672-7207. ; 55:5, s. 1846-1854
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wind tunnel tests of aerodynamic noise at wind speeds from 160 km/h to 324 km/h were carried out for high speed pantograph developed by Beijing CRRC CED Co. Ltd. The effects of wind speed and open/close operation status on pantograph aerodynamic noise characteristics were analyzed, and the pantograph aerodynamic noise at higher speed was predicted. The results show that the aerodynamic noise of the pantograph and its propagation characteristics are closely related to the wind speed and operating status. The panhead and nearby areas are prone to single-tone noise due to the influence of shedding vortices. The total sound pressure energy of the far-field noise increases with the power of 5.6 − 6.0 of wind speed. The total sound pressure levels of the pantograph far-field noise in the open/closed state are predicted to be about 106.8 dB and 106.6 dB respectively at the wind speed of 400 km/h by data fitting.
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| 6. |
- Luo, Ziteng, et al.
(author)
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Linking roots, preferential flow, and soil moisture redistribution in deciduous and coniferous forest soils
- 2022
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In: Journal of Soils and Sediments. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1614-7480 .- 1439-0108.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Soil moisture (i.e., the changes in the gravimetric soil water content) redistribution is closely linked with root distribution and preferential flow in soils. This study aimed at exploring the soil water content distribution in the presence of root-enhanced preferential flow in deciduous (Quercus variabilis BI.) and coniferous forests (Platycladus orientalis (L.)).
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| 7. |
- Niu, Qinwang, et al.
(author)
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Toward the Internet of Medical Things : Architecture, trends and challenges
- 2024
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In: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering. - : American Institute of Mathematical Sciences. - 1547-1063 .- 1551-0018. ; 21:1, s. 650-678
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, the growing pervasiveness of wearable technology has created new opportunities for medical and emergency rescue operations to protect users' health and safety, such as cost-effective medical solutions, more convenient healthcare and quick hospital treatments, which make it easier for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to evolve. The study first presents an overview of the IoMT before introducing the IoMT architecture. Later, it portrays an overview of the core technologies of the IoMT, including cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence, and it elucidates their utilization within the healthcare system. Further, several emerging challenges, such as cost-effectiveness, security, privacy, accuracy and power consumption, are discussed, and potential solutions for these challenges are also suggested.
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