| 1. |
- Andersson, Blanka, et al.
(author)
-
A novel mycobacterial growth inhibition assay employing live-cell imaging of virulent M. tuberculosis and monitoring of host cell viability
- 2020
-
In: Tuberculosis. - : CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE. - 1472-9792 .- 1873-281X. ; 124
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our aim was to develop a Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth inhibition assay (MGIA) as a summary estimate of host immune control of virulent Mtb. Mycobacterial growth inhibition (MGI) using previously frozen human PBMCs infected with H37Rv was assessed by live-cell imaging (Incucyte (c)) complemented by imaging flow cytometry analysis of phagocytosis. MGI measured as relative fluorescence units (RFU) was calibrated to time to positive culture (TTP) in BACTEC 960 MGIT. At a MOI (multiplicity of infection) of 5, there was a wide range of MGI of blood donors (1.1*10(6)-2.7*10(6) RFU, n = 14). Intra- and inter-assay variability were at most 17.5 and 20.7 CV%. Cell viability at day 5 was 57 and 62% monitored by the LDH and Draq7 assays respectively. There was a strong correlation between a readout for Mtb growth using CFU counts or TTP compared to RFU (r2 >= 0.96). Our MGIA enabling live-cell imaging and monitoring of cell viability was able to detect a wide range of Mtb growth inhibition by PBMCs and was calibrated to several readout options for bacterial growth. This MGIA may be valuable as a surrogate marker of host immunity in a personalized medicine approach.
|
|
| 2. |
- Arriaza Hult, Maria, 1990-
(author)
-
Party Education as Mobilisation : Framing education in Swedish and Spanish political parties of the left
- 2022
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation aims to contribute knowledge of how five movement-related left parties in Sweden and Spain formulate education for their members. By analysing (i) the Swedish Social Democratic Workers’ Party, (ii) the Swedish Left Party, (iii) the Spanish Social Democratic Workers’ Party, (iv) the Spanish United Left and (v) the Spanish Podemos, the study interprets how organised educational activities are formulated and motivated with the aim to instigate member engagement. The analysis builds on interviews with leading party representatives and study leaders, study and course materials, and other official documents, which steer how the parties organise their education. With a framing perspective as a theoretical itinerary, the study emphasises parties' education as a setting where meaning is formulated to initiate collective action. The four included papers stress and discuss how educational material is formulated and how the parties perceive and motivate organised party education. Papers 1 and 2 analyse text materials and shows how educational materials establish narratives that invites the members to become active in the parties. Even though the educational narrative is welcoming, the study materials also reinforce frames of how to be schooled into becoming an ideal party member. Papers 3 and 4 study interview materials and suggest that member education is interpreted as something that strengthens parties’ movement relations, provides useful training, opens up a space for political reflection, and constructs a feeling of community within the parties. The dissertation emphasises that these five movement-related left parties perceive their educational activities as settings that create relations between the party and its members. Applying the framing perspective to the understudied educational practices that transpire in parties contributes to deepening the theoretical understanding of how education can be formulated in relation to its bearing on creating collective identities.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bladh, Daniel, 1980-
(author)
-
Didaktiska val i partidemokratin : Om partiskolning och lärande i politiken
- 2023
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med avhandlingen är att undersöka de överväganden och skäl som ligger bakom didaktiska val som fattas när utbildning organiseras för partipolitiskt aktiva personer. De anordnare som främst står i fokus för avhandlingen är de nationella partiorganisationerna medan den kommunala förvaltningen fungerar som en kon-trastpunkt. Avhandlingens teoretiska perspektiv utgörs av vuxendidaktik samt av ett analytiskt schema där politiska partier förstås som strategiska aktörer. Det didaktiska kunskapsintresset riktar sig främst mot det politiska systemet, partierna som aktörer samt de egna partimedlemmarna. Det är kvalitativ forskning som ligger till grund för de specifika studier som avhandlingen omfattar. Det empiriska materialet har genererats genom kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, insamling av olika typer av dokument samt omfattande kartläggning.Avhandlingen utgör en sammanläggningsavhandling som omfattar fyra artiklar. Artikel I analyserar organisering av partiskolning som verktyg för nationella partiorganisationer. Artikel II lyfter fram fostransprocesser som de nationella partiorganisationerna söker främja genom organisering av partiskolning riktat till partimedlemmar och lokalföreningar. Artikel III lyfter blicken gentemot det politiska systemet och visar hur partiskolning både kan påverka och påverkas av hur olika partifunktioner utövas. Artikel IV tar sikte på den utbildningsverksamhet som genomförs i svenska kommuner och lyfter fram tre tankelinjer som uttryck för hur de kommunala anordnarna resonerar kring och motiverar den utbildning som de erbjuder till lokala folkvalda. Sammantaget bidrar avhandlingen med kunskap om vad som sker i mötet mellan utbildning och partidemokratin. Påverkan och fostran lyfts fram som två centrala skäl bakom de didaktiska val som fattas av de nationella partiorganisationerna vid organisering av partiskolning. Hur de nationella partiorganisationerna motiverar och resonerar kring den utbildningsverksamhet som de organiserar diskuteras i samband med samlingsbegreppen personer, process och platsen. Avhandlingen visar också hur partiskolning innehar en strategisk potential för partierna. Organisering av utbildningsverksamhet i politiska partier och kommuner kan även påverka konstruktionen av deltagarnas demokratiska kompetens, vilket kan spela roll för hur partimedlemmarnas aktiva medborgarskap kommer till uttryck.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kuhlin, Johanna, et al.
(author)
-
Genotypic resistance of pyrazinamide but not MIC is associated with longer time to sputum culture conversion in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
- 2021
-
In: Clinical Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press. - 1058-4838 .- 1537-6591. ; 73:9, s. E3511-E3517
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: PZA resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is common and it is not clear how it affects interim and treatment outcomes. Although rarely performed, phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) is used to define PZA resistance but genotypic DST (gDST) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) could be beneficial. We aimed to assess the impact of PZA gDST and MIC on time to sputum culture conversion (SCC) and treatment outcome in patients with MDR-TB.METHODS: Clinical, microbiological and treatment data was collected in this cohort study for all patients diagnosed with MDR-TB in Sweden 1992-2014. MIC, pDST and whole genome sequencing of the pncA, rpsA and panD genes were used to define PZA resistance. A Cox regression model was used for statistical analyses.RESULTS: Of 157 patients with MDR-TB, 56.1% (n=88) had PZA resistant strains and 49.7% (n=78) were treated with PZA. In crude and adjusted analyses, PZA gDST resistance was associated with a 29-day longer time to SCC (hazard ratio [HR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36-0.89, p=0.013 and HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29-0.82, p=0.007, respectively). A two-fold decrease in dilutions of PZA MIC for PZA susceptible strains showed no association with SCC in crude or adjusted analyses (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.73-1.31, p=0.89). Genotypic DST and MIC for PZA were not associated with treatment outcome.CONCLUSION: In patients with MDR-TB, gDST PZA resistance was associated with a longer time to SCC. Rapid PZA gDST is important to identify patients who may benefit from PZA treatment.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Nordvall, Henrik, 1977-, et al.
(author)
-
Vad är ett studieförbund?
- 2020. - 1
-
In: Om vuxenutbildning och vuxnas studier. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144133294 ; , s. 141-161
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Det är få sammanhang som kommer i närheten av att samla så många vuxenstuderande som studieförbunden. Ett studieförbund är en organisation som organiserar fri och frivillig bildningsverksamhet för huvudsakligen vuxna, i form av studiecirklar, föreläsningsserier, samtal och andra folkbildnings- eller kulturrelaterade evenemang. I Sverige deltar årligen drygt 600 000 personer bara i studiecirklar. Räknar vi in all annan verksamhet blir antalet mångdubbelt större. Det finns när detta skrivs tio studieförbund. Dessa har olika profil och ideologisk särart och består, med något undantag, av medlemsorganisationer, vilket gör att studieförbunden är förbundna med stora delar av det svenska föreningslivet. Tillsammans med folkhögskolorna utgör studieförbunden den organisatoriska stommen för den statsbidragsfinansierade folkbildningen i Sverige.
|
|
