| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Le Roch, Sarah, et al.
(author)
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European survey on criteria of aesthetics for periodontal evaluation: The ESCAPE study
- 2019
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In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:11, s. 1116-1123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Objective: The ESCAPE multicentre survey was designed to (a) compare the agreement of three relevant aesthetic scoring systems among different centres, and (b) evaluate the reproducibility of each question of the questionnaires. Materials and Methods: EFP centres (n=14) were involved in an e-survey. Forty-two participants (28 teachers, 14 postgraduate students) were asked to score the one-year aesthetic outcomes of photographs using the Before–After Scoring System (BASS), the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and the Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES). Mean values of kappa statistics performed on each question were provided to resume global agreement of each method. Results: Between teachers, a difference of kappa≥0.41 (p=.01) was found for BASS (75%) and PES (57%). Similarly, RES (84%) and PES (57%) were different (p<.001). No difference was found between BASS (75%) and RES (84%). No difference was found between students, whatever the scoring system. Questions of each scoring system showed differences in their reproducibility. Conclusions: The outcomes of this study indicate that BASS and RES scoring systems are reproducible tools to evaluate aesthetic after root coverage therapies between different centres. Among the various variables, lack of scar, degree of root coverage, colour match and gingival margin that follows the CEJ show the best reliability.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Petronico, Aaron, et al.
(author)
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Solid-Liquid Lithium Electrolyte Nanocomposites Derived from Porous Molecular Cages
- 2018
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 140:24, s. 7504-7509
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate that solid-liquid nanocomposites derived from porous organic cages are effective lithium ion electrolytes at room temperature. A solid-liquid electrolyte nanocomposite (SLEN) fabricated from a LiTFSI/DME electrolyte system and a porous organic cage exhibits ionic conductivity on the order of 1 x 10(-3) S cm(-1). With an experimentally measured activation barrier of 0.16 eV, this composite is characterized as a superionic conductor. Furthermore, the SLEN displays excellent oxidative stability up to 4.7 V vs Li/Li+. This simple three-component system enables the rational design of electrolytes from tunable discrete molecular architectures.
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| 5. |
- Hickey, C. D., et al.
(author)
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Influence of buttermilk powder or buttermilk addition on phospholipid content, chemical and bio-chemical composition and bacterial viability in Cheddar style-cheese
- 2017
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In: Food Research International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0963-9969 .- 1873-7145. ; 102, s. 748-758
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of buttermilk powder addition post-curd formation or buttermilk addition to cheese milk on total and individual phospholipid content, chemical composition, enzyme activity, microbial populations and microstructure within Cheddar-style cheese was investigated. Buttermilk or buttermilk powder addition resulted in significant increases in total phospholipid content and their distribution throughout the cheese matrix. Addition of 10% buttermilk powder resulted in higher phospholipid content, moisture, pH and salt in moisture levels, and lower fat, fat in dry matter, L. helveticus and non-starter bacteria levels in cheeses. Buttermilk powder inclusion resulted in lower pH 4.6/Soluble Nitrogen (SN) levels and significantly lower free amino acid levels in 10% buttermilk powder cheeses. Buttermilk addition provided a more porous cheese microstructure with greater fat globule coalescence and increased free fat pools, while also increasing moisture and decreasing protein, fat and pH levels. Addition of buttermilk in liquid or powdered form offers potential for new cheeses with associated health benefits. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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| 6. |
- Kottwitz, Matthew, et al.
(author)
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Local Structure and Electronic State of Atomically Dispersed Pt Supported on Nanosized CeO2
- 2019
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In: ACS Catalysis. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2155-5435. ; 9:9, s. 8738-8748
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single atom catalysts (SACs) have shown high activity and selectivity in a growing number of chemical reactions. Many efforts aimed at unveiling the structure-property relationships underpinning these activities and developing synthesis methods for obtaining SACs with the desired structures are hindered by the paucity of experimental methods capable of probing the attributes of local structure, electronic properties, and interaction with support-features that comprise key descriptors of their activity. In this work, we describe a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches that include photon and electron spectroscopy, scattering, and imaging methods, linked by density functional theory calculations, for providing detailed and comprehensive information on the atomic structure and electronic properties of SACs. This characterization toolbox is demonstrated here using a model single atom Pt/CeO2 catalyst prepared via a sol-gel-based synthesis method. Isolated Pt atoms together with extra oxygen atoms passivate the (100) surface of nanosized ceria. A detailed picture of the local structure of Pt nearest environment emerges from this work involving the bonding of isolated Pt2+ ions at the hollow sites of perturbed (100) surface planes of the CeO2 support, as well as a substantial (and heretofore unrecognized) strain within the CeO2 lattice in the immediate vicinity of the Pt centers. The detailed information on structural attributes provided by our approach is the key for understanding and improving the properties of SACs.
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| 7. |
- Li, Y., et al.
(author)
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Complex structural dynamics of nanocatalysts revealed in Operando conditions by correlated imaging and spectroscopy probes
- 2015
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Understanding how heterogeneous catalysts change size, shape and structure during chemical reactions is limited by the paucity of methods for studying catalytic ensembles in working state, that is, in operando conditions. Here by a correlated use of synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy in operando conditions, we quantitatively describe the complex structural dynamics of supported Pt catalysts exhibited during an exemplary catalytic reaction-ethylene hydrogenation. This work exploits a microfabricated catalytic reactor compatible with both probes. The results demonstrate dynamic transformations of the ensemble of Pt clusters that spans a broad size range throughout changing reaction conditions. This method is generalizable to quantitative operando studies of complex systems using a wide variety of X-ray and electron-based experimental probes.
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| 8. |
- McCracken, Joselle M., et al.
(author)
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3D-Printed Hydrogel Composites for Predictive Temporal (4D) Cellular Organizations and Patterned Biogenic Mineralization
- 2019
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In: Advanced Healthcare Materials. - : WILEY. - 2192-2640 .- 2192-2659. ; 8:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Materials chemistries for hydrogel scaffolds that are capable of programming temporal (4D) attributes of cellular decision-making in supported 3D microcultures are described. The scaffolds are fabricated using direct-ink writing (DIW)-a 3D-printing technique using extrusion to pattern scaffolds at biologically relevant diameters (<= 100 mu m). Herein, DIW is exploited to variously incorporate a rheological nanoclay, Laponite XLG (LAP), into 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based hydrogels-printing the LAP-HEMA (LH) composites as functional modifiers within otherwise unmodified 2D and 3D HEMA microstructures. The nanoclay-modified domains, when tested as thin films, require no activating (e.g., protein) treatments to promote robust growth compliances that direct the spatial attachment of fibroblast (3T3) and preosteoblast (E1) cells, fostering for the latter a capacity to direct long-term osteodifferentiation. Cell-to-gel interfacial morphologies and cellular motility are analyzed with spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM). Through combination of HEMA and LH gels, high-resolution DIW of a nanocomposite ink (UniH) that translates organizationally dynamic attributes seen with 2D gels into dentition-mimetic 3D scaffolds is demonstrated. These analyses confirm that the underlying materials chemistry and geometry of hydrogel nanocomposites are capable of directing cellular attachment and temporal development within 3D microcultures-a useful material system for the 4D patterning of hydrogel scaffolds.
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| 9. |
- McCracken, Joselle M., et al.
(author)
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Ionic Hydrogels with Biomimetic 4D-Printed Mechanical Gradients : Models for Soft-Bodied Aquatic Organisms
- 2019
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In: Advanced Functional Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 29:28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Direct-ink writing (DIW), a rapidly growing and advancing form of additive manufacturing, provides capacities for on-demand tailoring of materials to meet specific requirements for final designs. The penultimate challenge faced with the increasing demand of customization is to extend beyond modification of shape to create 4D structures, dynamic 3D structures that can respond to stimuli in the local environment. Patterning material gradients is foundational for assembly of 4D structures, however, there remains a general need for useful materials chemistries to generate gray scale gradients via DIW. Here, presented is a simple materials assembly paradigm using DIW to pattern ionotropic gradients in hydrogels. Using structures that architecturally mimic sea-jelly organisms, the capabilities of spatial patterning are highlighted as exemplified by selectively programming the valency of the ion-binding agents. Spatial gradients, when combined with geometry, allow for programming the flexibility and movement of iron oxide nanoparticle-loaded ionotropic hydrogels to generate 4D-printed structures that actuate in the presence of local magnetic fields. This work highlights approaches to 4D design complexity that exploits 3D-printed gray-scale/gradient mechanics.
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| 10. |
- Nelson, A. Z., et al.
(author)
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Designing and transforming yield-stress fluids
- 2019
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In: Current opinion in solid state & materials science. - : Elsevier. - 1359-0286 .- 1879-0348. ; 23:5
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We review progress in designing and transforming multi-functional yield-stress fluids and give a perspective on the current state of knowledge that supports each step in the design process. We focus mainly on the rheological properties that make yield-stress fluids so useful and the trade-offs which need to be considered when working with these materials. Thinking in terms of “design with” and “design of” yield-stress fluids motivates how we can organize our scientific understanding of this field. “Design with” involves identification of rheological property requirements independent of the chemical formulation, e.g. for 3D direct-write printing which needs to accommodate a wide range of chemistry and material structures. “Design of” includes microstructural considerations: conceptual models relating formulation to properties, quantitative models of formulation-structure-property relations, and chemical transformation strategies for converting effective yield-stress fluids to be more useful solid engineering materials. Future research directions are suggested at the intersection of chemistry, soft-matter physics, and material science in the context of our desire to design useful rheologically-complex functional materials.
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| 11. |
- Sang, Lingzi, et al.
(author)
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Understanding the Effect of Interlayers at the Thiophosphate Solid Electrolyte/Lithium Interface for All-Solid-State Li Batteries
- 2018
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In: Chemistry of Materials. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0897-4756 .- 1520-5002. ; 30:24, s. 8747-8756
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- All-solid-state Li-ion batteries afford possibilities to enhance battery safety while improving their energy and power densities. Current challenges for achieving high-performance all-solid-state batteries with long cycle life include shorting resulting predominantly from Li dendrite formation and infiltration through the solid electrolyte (SE) and increases in cell impedance induced by SE decomposition at the SE/electrode interface. In this work, we evaluate the electrochemical properties of two interlayer materials, Si and LixAl(2-x/3)O3 (LiAlO), at the Li7P3S11 (LPS)/Li interface. Compared to the Li/LPS/Li symmetric cells in absence of interlayers, the presence of Si and LiAlO both significantly enhance the cycle number and total charge passing through the interface before failures resulting from cell shorting. In both cases, the noted improvements were accompanied by cell impedances that had increased substantially. The data reveal that both interlayers prevent the direct exposure of LPS to the metallic Li and therefore eliminate the intrinsic LPS decomposition that occurs at Li surfaces before electrochemical cycling. After cycling, a reduction of LPS to Li2S occurs at the interface when a Si interlayer is present; LiAlO, which functions to drop the potential between Li and LPS, suppresses LPS decomposition processes. The relative propensities toward SE decomposition follows from the electrochemical potentials at the interface, which are dictated by the identities of the interlayer materials. This work provides new insights into the phase dynamics associated with specific choices for SE/electrode interlayer materials and the requirements they impose for realizing high efficiency, long lasting all-solid-state batteries.
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| 12. |
- Yoder, Mikayla A., et al.
(author)
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Semiconductor Nanomembrane Materials for High-Performance Soft Electronic Devices
- 2018
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 140:29, s. 9001-9019
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of methods to synthesize and physically manipulate extremely thin, single-crystalline inorganic semiconductor materials, so-called nano membranes, has led to an almost explosive growth of research worldwide into uniquely enabled opportunities for their use in new "soft" and other unconventional form factors for high-performance electronics. The unique properties that nanomembranes afford, such as their flexibility and lightweight characteristics, allow them to be integrated into electronic and optoelectronic devices that, in turn, adopt these unique attributes. For example, nanomembrane devices are able to make conformal contact to curvilinear surfaces and manipulate strain to induce the self-assembly of various 3D nano/micro device architectures. Further, thin semiconductor materials (e.g., Si-nanomembranes, transition metal dichalcogenides, and phosphorene) are subject to the impacts of quantum and other size-dependent effects that in turn enable the manipulation of their bandgaps and the properties of electronic and optoelectronic devices fabricated from them. In this Perspective, nanomembrane synthesis techniques and exemplary applications of their use are examined. We specifically describe nanomembrane chemistry exploiting high-performance materials, along with precise/high-throughput techniques for their manipulation that exemplify their growing capacities to shape outcomes in technology. Prominent challenges in the chemistry of these materials are presented along with future directions that might guide the development of next generation nanomembrane-based devices.
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