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- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Projekt: Framtidsfabriken - en konceptfabrik formad av kvinnor
- 2010
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Ett forskningsprojekt som bland annat innebar arbete tillsammans med ett designteam bestående av kvinnor (yrkesaktiva inom industrin) för att utforma modeller för framtidens industriarbete – både organisation och arbetsplatser. Projektet pågick 2008-2011 med finansiering från AFA (2,7 milj. kr), FAS (2,4 milj. kr) samt EUs regionala utvecklingsfond. I projektet medverkade även Jan Johansson, Bo Johansson och Kjell Rask. Doktorander: Åsa Wikberg-Nilsson (Industriell design) och Stina Johansson (IPM).
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Piece rates and their effects on health and safety – A literature review
- 2010
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In: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 41:4, s. 607-614
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to carry out a broad survey and analysis of relevant research articles about "piece rate" wages and their effects on health and safety, which were published internationally until the fall of 2008. The aim was to summarize and describe the state of the art of the research in this field and if possible draw conclusions from the accumulated research results. A total of 75 research articles were examined extensively and 31 of these were found relevant and had sufficient quality to serve the purpose of this study. The findings of these relevant articles are summarized and analyzed in the survey. Since the late 1980s, there has been a change of research focus regarding previous termpiece rates and their effects on health and safety.next term More recent research shows a clear interest for previous termhealth,next term musculoskeletal injuries, physical workload, pains and occupational injuries. The previous interest in risk behavior, security and accidents is still there, but no longer dominates the research scene.Although research is still sparse and fragmented, much of the accumulated knowledge about the previous termeffects of piece ratenext term work tells us that previous termpiece ratesnext term in many situations have a negative previous termeffect on health and safety.next term The fact that 27 of the 31 studied articles found negative previous termeffects of piece ratesnext term on different aspects of previous termhealth and safetynext term does not prove causality, but together they give very strong support for the hypothesis that in most situations previous termpiece ratesnext term have negative previous termeffects on health and safety.next termIn order to achieve better knowledge about the previous termeffects of piece ratesnext term in branches where previous termpiece ratesnext term are regarded problematic, further research is needed and such research has to be designed to meet the specific questions that are to be answered.
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| 6. |
- Leander, Mai, et al.
(author)
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Impact of anxiety and depression on respiratory symptoms
- 2014
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In: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 108:11, s. 1594-1600
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Psychological factors such as anxiety and depression are prevalent in patients with asthma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between respiratory symptoms and psychological status and to estimate the importance of psychological status in comparison with other factors that are known to be associated with respiratory symptoms. This study included 2270 subjects aged 20-44 (52% female) from Sweden, Iceland, and Norway. Each participant underwent a clinical interview including questions on respiratory symptoms. Spirometry and methacholine challenge were performed. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Eighty-two percent of the subjects reported no anxiety or depression whatsoever, 11% reported anxiety, 2.5% depression and 4% reported both anxiety and depression. All respiratory symptoms, such as wheezing, breathlessness and nightly symptoms, were more common, at a statistically significant level, in participants who had depression and anxiety, even after adjusting for confounders (ORs 1.33-1.94). The HADS score was the most important determinant for nightly symptoms and attacks of breathlessness when at rest whereas bronchial responsiveness was the most important determinant for wheezing, and breathlessness when wheezing. The probability of respiratory symptoms related to HADS score increased with increasing HADS score for all respiratory symptoms. In conclusion, there is a strong association between respiratory symptoms and psychological status. There is therefore a need for interventional studies designed to improve depression and anxiety in patients with respiratory symptoms. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Uddenfeldt, Monica, 1949-
(author)
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A Longitudinal Study of Asthma : Risk Factors and Prognosis
- 2010
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this thesis was to identify risk factors for the onset of adult asthma. Other objectives were to study determinants of smoking habits and the association between sensitization and outcome of asthma. In 1990, a questionnaire was distributed to 12,732 individuals from three age groups (16, 30-39 and 60-69 years) in two counties of Sweden. In a second phase, 2538 subjects who had reported respiratory symptoms and 600 controls were invited to clinical investigations, 81% participated. At the follow-up in 2003 subjects of the remaining cohort (11,282) were re-invited. Analyses are based on the 67% (n=7563) who responded to both questionnaires 1990 and 2003. In 2003, 17.2% of the young adults, 11.4% of the middle-aged and 10.3% of the elderly reported having, or having had, asthma. A total of 791 subjects reported onset of asthma during the 13-year study period. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, hard physical training and a low consumption of fruit and fish were constant risk factors for onset of asthma after adjusting for socioeconomic group. A smoker’s risk of asthma onset was increased by 37%. The impact of risk factors differed between the age-groups. BMI had a significantly higher impact in the middle-aged and elderly. In subjects participating in the clinical investigations in 1990, sensitization to pets, were determinants of both persistent asthma and onset of asthma in 2003. The risk for persistent asthma was threefold. The risk for onset of asthma was more than doubled. Smoking at baseline in 1990 was the strongest determinant of being a smoker in 2003. Allergic sensitization and clinically verified asthma were not associated with smoking habits in 2003. No differences in changing smoking habits could be identified between smokers with or without asthma. In conclusion, modifiable lifestyle factors are important risk factors for adult onset asthma. The co-occurrence and interplay between asthma and cigarette smoking is still puzzling.
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| 9. |
- Wikberg-Nilsson, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Framtidsfabriken : En vision av framtidens effektiva och attraktiva arbetsmiljöer i industrin
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I den här rapporten beskrivs metoder och resultat från projektet Framtidsfabriken, vars idé har varit att bryta traditionella mönster vid utformning av produktionssystem genom att inkludera grupper som i vanliga fall inte deltar i förändringsprojekt. Projektet har bedrivits på Arbetsvetenskap vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Syftet med projektet har dels varit att problematisera och utveckla metoder för produktionsutformning och dels att bidra till utveckling av teorierna om ’det goda arbetet’. En konkret frågeställning har varit; Hur utformas ett modernt produktionssystem baserat på krav formulerade av kvinnor och ungdomar? Projektets mål har varit att utforma en vision av en effektiv, attraktiv och långsiktigt hållbar arbetsmiljö i industrin. En avgränsning i projektet har varit valet att arbeta med industrin som bransch och inte en specifik typ av produktion eller ett visst företag. Projektet har bedrivits om ett interaktivt projekt i samarbete med aktörer från industrin. Totalt har 121 personer fördelat på 59 procent kvinnor och 41 procent män medverkat som deltagare i projektet. Deltagarna i projektet har varit anställda på både chefs- och medarbetarnivå i industrin, ungdomar, samt representanter för branschorganisationer och fackförbund. Arbetet har huvudsakligen genomförts i form av workshops samt fokusgrupper och intervjuer. Metoden har varit Future Workshops, där deltagarna inledningsvis diskuterar nuläge för att sedan arbeta med framtida ideala lösningar och idéer om implementering av lösningar. Även andra metoder har nyttjats; ”Personas” för att förmedla nuvarande situationer i industrin, scenarier för att stimulera till idéer om framtiden samt olika metoder och associativa bilder för att stimulera kreativitet och kommunikation i gruppen. Analys av material från intervjuer, observationer, diskussioner, val av bilder, ljud- och videoinspelningar har inriktats mot förståelse av deltagarnas kontexter och tolkning av deras behov och preferenser. Projektet har varit annorlunda genom målsättningen att bryta traditionella mönster av produktionsutformning genom att inkludera grupper som i vanliga fall inte deltar i förändringsprojekt. En vision av ett modernt produktionssystem har utformats, baserat på krav formulerade av kvinnor. Några exempel från visionen är att alla är medarbetare på Framtidsfabriken. Det är lika många män som kvinnor på alla befattningar. På framtidsfabriken arbetas med filosofin ’livslång trainee’. Man arbetar med olika former av nätverk, där olika kompetenser både inom och utanför företaget möts för att stimulera till innovation, ständig utveckling och förbättring. Flexibel arbetstid möjliggörs via individuella scheman. I lokalerna finns mötesplatser för kommunikation, nätverk och projektarbeten. Lokalerna är ljusa och färgsatta enligt företagsidentiteten. Teknik och kommunikation underlättas via ett enhetliga system, som alla kan ta del av.
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