| 1. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(author)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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In: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 2. |
- Kaptelinin, Victor, et al.
(author)
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Crafting user experience of self-service technologies : Key challenges and potential solutions
- 2014
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In: DIS Companion '14. - : ACM Digital Library. ; , s. 199-202
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Self-service technologies (SSTs) are becoming an increasingly important factor shaping the everyday environments in which we live. The aim of this one-day workshop is to explore key challenges for HCI and interaction design, related to current trends in the development and use of SSTs. The workshop will gather interested researchers and practitioners in order to (a) collaboratively identify a set of issues related to analysis, design, and evaluation of SSTs and (b) discuss potential approaches to understanding and crafting user experience with self-service technologies.
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| 3. |
- Lin, Na, et al.
(author)
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Differences in Two-Photon and One-Photon Absorption Profiles Induced by Vibronic Coupling : The Case of Dioxaborine Heterocyclic Dye
- 2011
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In: ChemPhysChem. - : Wiley. - 1439-4235 .- 1439-7641. ; 12:17, s. 3392-3403
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A theoretical study of a dioxaborine heterocyclic compound in solution provides a case study for an analysis of the effects induced by the so-called HerzbergTeller (HT) vibronic coupling on the one- (OPA) and two-photon absorption (TPA) spectra. For TPA, the HT vibronic coupling induces differences in the shapes of the absorption band. The study highlights the importance of vibronic coupling as a potentially important mechanism in absorption spectroscopy, able to explain differences in the OPA/TPA spectra.
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| 4. |
- Proto, Monica, et al.
(author)
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Transport Infrastructure Surveillance and Monitoring by Electromagnetic Sensing : The ISTIMES Project
- 2010
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In: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 10:12, s. 10620-10639
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ISTIMES project, funded by the European Commission in the frame of a joint Call "ICT and Security" of the Seventh Framework Programme, is presented and preliminary research results are discussed. The main objective of the ISTIMES project is to design, assess and promote an Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)-based system, exploiting distributed and local sensors, for non-destructive electromagnetic monitoring of critical transport infrastructures. The integration of electromagnetic technologies with new ICT information and telecommunications systems enables remotely controlled monitoring and surveillance and real time data imaging of the critical transport infrastructures. The project exploits different non-invasive imaging technologies based on electromagnetic sensing (optic fiber sensors, Synthetic Aperture Radar satellite platform based, hyperspectral spectroscopy, Infrared thermography, Ground Penetrating Radar-, low-frequency geophysical techniques, Ground based systems for displacement monitoring). In this paper, we show the preliminary results arising from the GPR and infrared thermographic measurements carried out on the Musmeci bridge in Potenza, located in a highly seismic area of the Apennine chain (Southern Italy) and representing one of the test beds of the project.
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| 5. |
- Rizzo, Antonio, et al.
(author)
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Ab initio study of the circular intensity difference in electric-field-induced second harmonic generation of chiral natural amino acids
- 2013
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In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 15:4, s. 1198-1207
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a systematic computational study of circular intensity difference (CID) in electric-field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISHG) of some representative chiral natural amino acids (Alanine, Arginine, Aspartic Acid, Cysteine and Tryptophan), taking into account the electric-dipole, electric-quadrupole and magnetic-dipole interactions. The calculations are performed by applying cubic response theory at both Hartree-Fock and Density Functional theory levels, the latter with the popular Becke-three parameters, Lee, Yang and Parr (B3LYP) functional. Special focus is given to the basis set, electron correlation and origin dependence of the properties. The full set of molecular parameters defined by Lam and Thirunamachandran in their reference theoretical paper published in 1982 [J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 77, 3810] is obtained and discussed. This permits the prediction of the CID observable for different possible experimental setups.
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