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- Ohlin, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Human antibody technology and the development of antibodies against cytomegalovirus.
- 2015
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In: Molecular Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-9142 .- 0161-5890. ; 67:2, s. 153-170
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus that causes chronic infections in a large set of the population. It may cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals, is linked to immunosenescence and implied to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Modulation of the immune system's abilities to manage the virus represent a highly viable therapeutic option and passive immunotherapy with polyclonal antibody preparations is already in clinical use. Defined monoclonal antibodies offer many advantages over polyclonal antibodies purified from serum. Human CMV-specific monoclonal antibodies have consequently been thoroughly investigated with respect to their potential in the treatment of diseases caused by CMV. Recent advances in human antibody technology have substantially expanded the breadth of antibodies for such applications. This review summarizes the fundamental basis for treating CMV disease by use of antibodies, the basic technologies to be used to develop such antibodies, and relevant human antibody specificities available to target this virus.
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| 2. |
- Omarsdottir, Soley, et al.
(author)
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High prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in surgical intestinal specimens from infants with necrotizing enterocolitis and spontaneous intestinal perforation : A retrospective observational study
- 2017
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In: Journal of Clinical Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1386-6532 .- 1873-5967. ; 93, s. 57-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe, often fatal gastrointestinal emergency that predominantly affects preterm infants, and there is evidence that neonatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may in some cases contribute to its pathogenesis.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CMV in infants with NEC.Study design: Seventy intestinal specimens from 61 infants with NEC, spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP), or related surgical complications were collected at Karolinska University Hospital and Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. Ten specimens from autopsied infants without bowel disease served as controls. Samples were analyzed for CMV immediate-early antigen (IEA), CMV late antigen (LA), 5-lipoxigenase (5LO) and CMV-DNA by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH), respectively. In 10 index samples, CMV DNA was analyzed with Taqman PCR after laser capture microdissection (LCM) of cells positive for CMV IEA by IHC.Results: CMV IEA was detected by IHC in 57 (81%) and CMV LA in 45 (64%) of 70 intestinal specimens from index cases; 2 (20%) of 10 control specimens were positive for both antigens. 5LO was detected in intestinal tissue section obtained from all examined index and controls. CMV DNA was detected in 4 of 10 samples (40%) after LCM. By ISH, all 13 IHC-IEA-positive samples were positive for CMV DNA; however, 3 of 5 IHC-IEAnegative samples (60%) were also positive.Conclusions: CMV-specific antigens and CMV DNA were highly prevalent in intestinal specimens from infants with NEC, SIP, and related surgical complications. Our findings provide further evidence that neonatal CMV infection contributes to the pathogenesis of these diseases and may affect patient outcome.
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